Source and sink dynamics of density-dependent otter (Lutra lutra) populations in rivers of central Finland

Oecologia

Volumn 153, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 579-588

  Sulkava, Risto T ^a,c   Sulkava, Pekka O ^b   Sulkava, Pertti E ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN FINLAND   (Finland)

^b Metsahallitus Finland   (Finland)

^c NONE   (Finland)

Author keywords

Carrying capacity; Lutra lutra; Reproduction; Snow tracking; Spatial organisation

Indexed keywords

CARNIVORE; CARRYING CAPACITY; GROWTH RATE; MAMMAL; POPULATION DENSITY; POPULATION GROWTH; REPRODUCTION; RIVER SYSTEM; SOURCE-SINK DYNAMICS; SPATIAL VARIATION; TEMPORAL VARIATION;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; CARNIVORA; ECOSYSTEM; FINLAND; PHYSIOLOGY; POPULATION DYNAMICS; REPRODUCTION; RIVER; TIME;

ANIMALS; ECOSYSTEM; FINLAND; OTTERS; POPULATION DYNAMICS; REPRODUCTION; RIVERS; TIME FACTORS;

EURASIA; EUROPE; FINLAND; NORTHERN EUROPE; SCANDINAVIA;

CARNIVORA; LUTRA LUTRA; LUTRINAE;

EID: 34547739073     PISSN: 00298549     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00442-007-0774-3     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. Begon M, Harper JL, Townsend CR (1990) Ecology-individuals, populations and communities. Blackwell, Cambridge
2. Brzezinski M, Romanowski J, Cygan JP, Pabin B (1996) Otter Lutra lutra distribution in Poland. Acta Theriol 41:113-126
3. Carss DN, Kruuk H, Conroy JWH (1990) Predation on adult Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., by otters, Lutra lutra L., within the river Dee system, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. J Fish Biol 37:935-944
4. Chanin P (1985) The natural history of otters. Fact on File, Oxford
5. Chanin P (2003) Ecology of the European otter Lutra lutra. Conserving natura 2000 rivers, ecology series no 10. English Nature, Peterborough
6. Conroy JWH, Chanin P (2002) The status of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). In: Dulfer R, Conroy J, Nel J, Gutleb AC (eds) Otter conservation-an example for a sustainable use of wetlands. Proceedings of the VIIth International Otter colloquium, Trebon 1998. IUCN Otter Specialist Group bulletin, vol 19A. Special issue. IUCN, Gland, pp 24-48
7. Conroy JWH, French DD (1987) The use of spraints to monitor populations of otters (Lutra lutra L.). Symp Zool Soc Lond 58:247-262
8. Coxon K, Chanin P, Dallas JF, Sykes T (1999) The use of DNA fingerprinting to study the population dynamics of otters (Lutra lutra) in southern Britain: a feasibility study. R&D technical report W202. Environment Agency, Swindon
9. Erlinge S (1967) Home range of the otter Lutra lutra L. in Southern Sweden. Oikos 18:186-209
10. Erlinge S (1968) Territoriality of the otter Lutra lutra L. Oikos 19:81-98
11. Finnish Meteorological Institute (1997) Meteorological yearbook (in Finnish). Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki
12. Green J, Green R, Jefferies DJ (1984) A radio-tracking survey of otters Lutra lutra on a Perthshire river system. Lutra 27:85-145
13. Heggberget TM, Christensen H (1994) Reproductive timing in Eurasian otters on the coast of Norway. Ecography 17:339-348
14. Helle P, Wikman M, Helle E, Belkin V, Bljudnik L, Danilov P (1998) Nisäkkäiden lumijälki laskennat 1998 Suomessa ja Venäjän karjalassa (in Finnish). Riistantutkimuksen tiedote 151. RKTL, Helsinki
15. Hertweck K, Klenke R, Henle K (2002) Estimating the density of otter Lutra lutra populations using individual analyses of tracks. In: Dulfer R, Conroy J, Nel J, Gutleb AC (eds) Otter conservation - an example for a sustainable use of wetlands. Proceedings VIIth. International Otter Colloquium, Trebon 1998. IUCN Otter Specialist Group bulletin, vol 19A. Special issue. IUCN, Gland, pp 118-122
16. Höglund J (1996) Jämförelse mellan minkens och utterns näringsval i två sötvattenområden (in Swedish). MSc thesis, University of Helsinki, Helsinki
17. IUCN (2000) Surveying and monitoring distribution and population trends of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra)-guidelines and evaluation of the standard method for surveys as recommended by the European section of the IUCN/SSC Otter Specialist Group. Habitat 12, Aktion Fischotterschutz. IUCN, Gland
18. Jansman AH, Chanin P, Dallas JF (2001) Monitoring otter populations by DNA typing of spraints. IUCN Otter Spec Group Bull 18:12-17
19. Jenkins D, Burrows GG (1980) Ecology of otters in Northern Scotland. III. The use of faeces as indicators of otter (Lutra lutra) density and distribution J Anim Ecol 49:755-774
20. Kauhala K (1996) Distributional history of the American mink (Mustela vison) in Finland with special reference to the trends in otter (Lutra lutra) populations. Ann Zool Fenn 33:283-291
21. Klenke R (2002) Habitat suitability and apparent density of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) in Saxony (Germany). In: Dulfer R, Conroy J, Nel J, Gutleb AC (eds) Otter conservation-an example for a sustainable use of wetlands. Proceedings of the VIIth International Otter Colloquium, Trebon 1998. IUCN Otter Specialist Group bulletin, vol 19A. Special issue. IUCN, Gland
22. Kranz A, Knollseisen M (1998) How many otters live "here"? A discussion about counting otters. BOKU Rep Wildl Res Game Manage 14:120-125
23. Kranz A, Toman A, Knollseisen M, Prasek V (2002) Fish ponds in Central Europe-a rich but risky habitat for otters. In: Dulfer R, Conroy J, Nel J, Gutleb AC (eds) Otter conservation-an example for a sustainable use of wetlands. Proceedings of the VIIth International Otter Colloquium, Trebon 1998. IUCN Otter Specialist Group bulletin, vol 19A. Special issue. IUCN, Gland
24. Kruuk H (1995) Wild otters, predation and populations. Oxford University Press, Oxford
25. Kruuk H, Conroy JWH (1991) Mortality of otters Lutra lutra in Shetland. J Appl Ecol 28:83-94
26. Kruuk H, Moorhause A (1991) The spatial organization of otters (Lutra lutra L.) in Shetland. J Zool 224:41-57
27. Kruuk H, Conroy JWH, Moorhouse A (1987) Seasonal reproduction, mortality and food of otters Lutra lutra L. in Shetland. Symp Zool Soc Lond 58:263-278
28. Kruuk H, Moorhouse A, Conroy JWH, Durbin L, Frears S (1989) An estimate of numbers and habitat preferences of otters Lutra lutra in Shetland, UK. Biol Conserv 49:241-254
29. Kruuk H, Conroy JWH, Moorhouse A (1991) Recruitment to a population of otters (Lutra lutra) in Shetland, in relation to fish abundance. J Appl Ecol 28:95-101
30. Kruuk H, Carss DN, Conroy JWH, Durbin L (1993) Otter (Lutra lutra L.) numbers and fish productivity in rivers in N.E. Scotland. Symp Zool Soc Lond 65:171-191
31. Ludwig GX, Hokka V, Sulkava R, Ylönen H (2002) Otter Lutra lutra predation on farmed and free-living salmonids in boreal freshwater habitats. Wildl Biol 8:193-199
32. Macdonald SM, Mason CF (1994) Status and conservation needs of the otter (Lutra lutra) in Western Palearctic. Convention on the Conservation of European Wildlife and Natural Habitats. Nature and environment, no. 67. Council of Europe, Strasbourg
33. Mann RHK, Penczak T (1986) Fish production in rivers: a review. Pol Arch Hydrobiol 33:233-247
34. Mason CF, Macdonald SM (1986) Otters: ecology and conservation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
35. Mason CF, Macdonald SM (1987) The use of spraints for surveying otter Lutra lutra populations: an evaluation. Biol Conserv 41:167-177
36. Mason CF, Macdonald SM (1991) Assessment of otter (Lutra lutra) survey methods using spraints. In: Reuther C, Röchert R (eds) Proceedings of the Vth International Otter Colloquium, Hankensbuttel, 1989. Habitat 6:167-170
37. Melquist WE, Hornocker MG (1983) Ecology of river otters in west central Idaho. Wildl Monogr 83:1-60
38. Nolet BA, Wansink DEH, Kruuk H (1993) Diving of otters (Lutra lutra) in a marine habitats: use of depths by a single-prey loader. J Anim Ecol 62:22-32
39. Ozolins J, Rantins M (1992) The distribution and habitat conditions of the otter (Lutra lutra) in Latvia. Proceedings of the First Baltic Theriological Conference, Tartu, pp 186-195
40. Pulliam HR (1988) Sources, sinks and population regulation. Am Nat 132:652-661
41. Reid DG, Bayer MD, Code TE, McLean B (1987) A possible method for estimating river otter, Lutra canadensis, populations using snow tracks. Can Field Nat 101:576-580
42. Royama T (1992) Analytical population dynamics. Chapman & Hall, London
43. Sidorovich VE (1997) Mustelids in Belarus-evolutionary ecology, demography and interspecific relationships. Zolotoy, Minsk
44. Sidorovich VE, Pikulik MM (2002) Factors allowing high density of otters in Eastern Europe. In: Dulfer R, Conroy J, Nel J, Gutleb AC (eds) Otter conservation-an example for a sustainable use of wetlands. Proceedings of the VIIth International Otter Colloquium, Trebon 1998. IUCN Otter Specialist Group bulletin, vol 19A. Special issue. IUCN, Gland, pp 326-333
45. Sidorovich VE, Jedrezejewska B, Jedrezejewski W (1996) Winter distribution and abundance of mustelids and beavers in the river valleys of Bialowieza Primeval Forest. Acta Theriol 41:155-170
46. Simek L (1996) Numbers, density and structure of the Trebon otter population. Vydra Bull 7:28-31
47. Simek L (1997) First estimate of numbers of the otter in the Trebon biosphere reserve. In: Toman A, Hlavac V (eds) Proceedings of the 14th Mustelin Colloquium, Czech Republic, 1995. Praha, pp 81-87
48. Simek L, Springer Z (1998) Population dynamics (otter). In: Dulfer R, Roche K (eds) First phase report of the Trebon otter project. Nature and Environment, no. 93. Council of Europe, Strasbourg, pp 21-30
49. Sinclair ARE, Norton-Griffiths M (1982) Does competition or facilitation regulate migrant ungulate populations in the Serengeti? A test of hypotheses. Oecologia 53:364-369
50. Storrank B, Sulkava R, Liukko U-M (2002) Testing a method to monitor the otter (Lutra lutra) population in Finland-a pilot study based on snow tracking. In: Dulfer R, Conroy J, Nel J, Gutleb AC (eds) Otter conservation-an example for a sustainable use of wetlands. Proceedings of the VIIth International Otter Colloquium, Trebon, 1998. IUCN Otter Specialist Group bulletin, vol 19A. Special issue. IUCN, Gland, pp 346-350
51. Sulkava R (1993) Status and ecology of the otter (Lutra lutra L.) in central Finland in 1985-1993 and an evaluation of survey methods (in Finnish). MSc thesis, University of Joensuu
52. Sulkava R (1995) Snow tracking in the monitoring of otter Lutra lutra populations in Finland (in Finnish). Report. Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki
53. Sulkava R (1996) Diet of otters (Lutra lutra) in central Finland. Acta Theriol 41:395-408
54. Sulkava R (2006) Ecology of the otter (Lutra lutra) in central Finland and methods for estimating the densities of populations. PhD thesis, University of Joensuu
55. Sulkava R (2007a) Snow tracking-a relevant method for estimating otter (Lutra lutra) populations. Wildl Biol (in press)
56. Sulkava R (2007b) Seasonal breeding of otters (Lutra lutra) in Central Finland. IOSF Proceedings of the Otter Colloquium in Skye 2003. IOSF, Skye (in press)
57. Sulkava R, Liukko U-M (1999) Valtakunnallinen saukkokannan lumijälkiseuranta (in Finnish with English abstract, summary and conclusions: the population size and onitoring of otters in Finland). In: Liukko (ed) Saukkokannan tila ja seuranta Suomessa. Suomen Ympäristö, Luonto ja Luonnonvarat, 353. Finnish Environment Institute, Helsinki, pp 7-77
58. Sulkava R, Liukko U-M (2007) Use of snow-tracking methods to estimate the abundance of otter (Lutra lutra) in Finland with evaluation of one-visit census for monitoring purposes. Ann Zool Fenn (in press)
59. Sulkava R, Storrank B (1993) Hur väl återspeglar barmarksinventeringar ett områdes verkliga utterstam? Erfarenheter från Kumo älvs kallflöden 1990-91 (in Swedish with English abstract: the use of spraints in evaluating the status of an otter (Lutra lutra) population-surveys on River Kokemäenjoki, Central Finland, from 1990 to 1991). Mem Soc Fauna Flora Fenn 69:65-76
60. Sulkava P, Sulkava R (1989) Saukon esiintymisestä ja elintavoista Suomessa (in Finnish with English abstract: distribution and ecology of otters (Lutra lutra) in central Finland). Luonnon Tutkija 93:124-129
61. Testa JW, Holleman DF, Bowyer RT, Faro JB (1994) Estimating populations of marine river otters in Prince William Sound, Alaska, using radiotracer implants. J Mammal 75:1021-1032
62. Trindade A, Farinha N (2002) Otter distribution in Portugal. In: Dulfer R, Conroy J, Nel J, Gutleb AC (eds) Otter conservation-an example for a sustainable use of wetlands. Proceedings of the VIIth International Otter Colloquium, Trebon, 1998. IUCN Otter Specialist Group bulletin, vol 19A. Special issue. IUCN, Gland, pp 356-360
63. Tumanov IL (2002) Status and reproductive features of otter (Lutra lutra L.) in the north-west of Russia. In: Dulfer R, Conroy J, Nel J, Gutleb AC (eds) Otter conservation-an example for a sustainable use of wetlands. Proceedings of the VIIth International Otter Colloquium, Trebon, 1998. IUCN Otter Specialist Group bulletin, vol 19A. Special issue. IUCN, Gland, pp 361-364
64. Wijngaarden A van, Peppel J van de (1970) De otter Lutra lutra L. in Nederland. Lutra 12:1-72
65. Wlodek K (1980) Der Fischotter in der Provinz Pomorze Zachdonie (West-Pommern) in Polen. In: Reuther C, Festetics A (eds) Der fischotter in Europa-Verbreitung, Bedrohung, Erhaltung. Selbstverlag, Oderhaus
66. Zalewski M, Frankiewicz P, Brewinska-Zaras B (1986) The production of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) introduced to streams of various orders in an upland watershed. Pol Arch Hydrobiol 33:411-422