Towards a theory of securitization: Copenhagen and beyond

European Journal of International Relations

Volumn 13, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 357-383

  Stritzel, Holger ^a  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF ECONOMICS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Constructivism; Discourse; Organized crime; Securitization; Threat image

Indexed keywords

EID: 34547603887     PISSN: 13540661     EISSN: 14603713     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/1354066107080128     Document Type: Article

References (84)

1. Abrahamsen, Rita (2005) ' Blair 's Africa: The Politics of Securitization and Fear', Alternatives 30 (1). 50 80.
2. Archer, Margaret S. (1990) ' Human Agency and Social Structure: A Critique of Giddens ', in Jon Clark, Celia Modgil and Sohan Modgil (eds) Anthony Giddens: Consensus and Controversy, pp. 73 84. Brighton: Falmer Press.
3. Archer, Margaret S. (1995) Realist Social Theory. The Morphogenetic Approach. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
4. Austin, John L. (1962) How to Do Things with Words. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
5. Bachrach, Peter and Morton Baratz (1963) 'Decisions and Nondecisions: An Analytical Framework', American Political Science Review 57 (3). 632 42.
6. Baldwin, David (1989) Paradoxes of Power. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
7. Balzacq, Thierry (2005) ' The Three Faces of Securitization: Political Agency, Audience and Context ', European Journal of International Relations 11 (2). 171 201.
8. Barnett, Michael and Raymond Duvall (2004) Power in Global Governance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
9. Barnett, Michael and Raymond Duvall (2005) ' Power in International Politics ', International Organization 59 (4). 39 75.
10. Best, Joel (ed.) (2001) How Claims Spread. Hawthorne, NY: de Gruyter.
11. Bhaskar, Roy (1979) The Possibility of Naturalism: A Philosophical Critique of the Contemporary Human Sciences. Brighton: Harvester Wheatsheaf.
12. Bigo, Didier (2000) ' When Two Become One: Internal and External Securitisation in Europe ', in Morten Kelstrup and Michael C. Williams (eds) International Relations Theory and the Politics of European Integration. Power, Security and Community, pp. 171 204. London: Routledge.
13. Bigo, Didier (2002) ' Security and Immigration: Towards a Critique of the Governmentality of Unease ', Alternatives 27 (1). 63 92.
14. Bourdieu, Pierre (1991) Language and Symbolic Power. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
15. Burke, Edmund (1958 [ 1757 ]) A Philosophical Enquiry Into the Origins of Our Ideas of the Sublime and Beautiful. London: Routledge.
16. Butler, Judith (1990) Gender Trouble: Feminism and the Subversion of Identity. London: Routledge.
17. Butler, Judith (1996) ' Performativity's Social Magic ', in Theodore R. Schatzki and Wolfgang Natter (eds) The Social and Political Body, pp. 29 47. New York: Guilford Press.
18. Butler, Judith (1997) Excitable Speech. A Politics of the Performative. London: Routledge.
19. Buzan, Barry and Ole Wver (1997) ' Slippery? Contradictory? Sociologically Untenable? The Copenhagen School Replies ', Review of International Studies 23 (2). 241 50.
20. Buzan, Barry and Ole Wver (2003) Regions and Powers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
21. Buzan, Barry, Ole Wver and Jaap de Wilde (1998) Security: A New Framework of Analysis. London: Lynne Rienner.
22. Cobb, Roger W. and Marc H. Ross (1997) Cultural Strategies of Agenda Denial: Avoidance, Attack, and Redefinition Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas.
23. Coker, Christopher (2002) 'Globalisation and Insecurity in the Twenty-first Century. NATO and the Management of Risk', Adelphi Paper No. 345, IISS and Oxford University Press.
24. Derrida, Jacques (1972) ' Signature Event Context', Glyph 1: 172 97.
25. Derrida, Jacques (1977) ' Limited Inc a b c', Glyph 2: 162 254.
26. Doty, Roxanne L. (1993) ' Foreign Policy as Social Construction: A Post-Positivist Analysis of US Counterinsurgency Policy in the Philippines ', International Studies Quarterly 37 (3). 297 320.
27. Eriksson, Johann and Eric Noreen (2002) 'Setting the Agenda of Threats. An Explanatory Model', Uppsala Peace Research Papers No. 6.
28. Fairclough, Norman (1992) Discourse and Social Change. Oxford: Polity.
29. Fierke, Karin (1998) Changing Games, Changing Strategies: Critical Investigations in Security. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
30. Fumagalli, Matteo (2006) 'A Strategic-relational Approach to Post-Soviet Ethnopolitical Mobilization', paper presented at the PSA conference in Reading, April.
31. Giddens, Anthony (1984) The Constitution of Society. Cambridge: Polity.
32. Guzzini, Stefano (1993) 'Structural Power. The Limits of Neorealist Power Analysis', International Organization 47 (3). 443 78.
33. Hall, Peter (ed.) (1989) The Political Power of Economic Ideas: Keynesianism across Nations. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
34. Hansen, Lene (2000) ' The Little Mermaid's Silent Security Dilemma and the Absence of Gender in the Copenhagen School ', Millennium: Journal of International Studies 29 (2). 285 306.
35. Hay, Colin (2002) Political Analysis: A Critical Introduction. New York: Palgrave.
36. Hempel, Carl (1952) Fundamentals of Concept Formation in Empirical Science. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
37. Hess, Henner (1973) Mafia and Mafiosi: The Structure of Power. Farnborough: Heath.
38. Honig, Bonnie (1991) ' Declaration of Independence: Arendt and Derrida on the Problems of Founding a Republic', The American Political Science Review 85 (1). 97 113.
39. Huysmans, Jef (2002) ' Defining Social Constructivism in Security Studies: The Normative Dilemma of Writing Security ', Alternatives 27 (1). 41 62.
40. Huysmans, Jef (2006) The Politics of Insecurity: Fear, Migration and Asylum in the EU. London: Routledge.
41. Jessop, Bob (2005) ' Critical Realism and the Strategic-Relational Approach ', New Formations 54 (2). 40 53.
42. Kenney, Dennis J. and Jom O. Finckenauer (1995) Organized Crime in America. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
43. Kingdom, John W. (1995) Agendas, Alternatives and Public Policies, 2 nd edition. New York: HarperCollins.
44. Kurki, Milja (2006) ' Causes of a Divided Discipline: Rethinking the Concept of Cause in International Relations Theory ', Review of International Studies 32 (2). 189 216.
45. Lampe, Klaus von (1999) Organized Crime: Begriff und Theorie organisierter Kriminalitt in den USA. Frankfurt a.M.: Peter Lang.
46. Laustsen, Carsten Bagge and Ole Wver (2000) ' In Defence of Religion: Sacred Referent Objects for Securitization ', Millennium: Journal of International Studies 29 (3). 705 39.
47. Lipset, Seymour Martin (1996) American Exceptionalism: A Double-Edged Sword. New York: W.W. Norton.
48. Lovell, Terry (2003) ' Resisting with Authority: Historical Specificity, Agency and the Performative Self ', Theory, Culture Society 20 (1). 1 17.
49. Lukes, Steven (2005) ' Power and the Battle for Hearts and Minds ', Millennium: Journal of International Studies 33 (3). 477 93.
50. Lukes, Steven (1974) Power. A Radical View. Basingstoke: Macmillan.
51. Maas, Peter (1968) The Valachi Papers. New York: Putnam.
52. McSweeney, Bill (1996) ' Identity and Security: Buzan and the Copenhagen School ', Review of International Studies 22 (1). 81 93.
53. McSweeney, Bill (1998) ' Durkheim and the Copenhagen School: A Response to Buzan and Wver ', Review of International Studies 24 (1). 137 40.
54. McSweeney, Bill (1999) Identity and Interests: A Sociology of International Relations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
55. Mann, Michael (1985) The Sources of Social Power, Volume I. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
56. Moore, William H. (1974) The Kefauver Committee and the Politics of Crime 19501952. Columbia, MO: University of Missouri Press.
57. Mortensen, Janus (1998) Sikkerhed som talehandling: En kritisk gennemgang af Wvers sikkerhedsbegreb. Copenhagen: Forlaget Politiske Studier.
58. Paoli, Letizia (2003) Mafia Brotherhoods: Organized Crime, Italian Style. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
59. Parker, John (2000) Structuration. Buckingham: Open University Press.
60. Rasmussen, Mikkel Vedby (2001) ' Reflexive Security: NATO and International Risk Society ', Millennium: Journal of International Studies 30 (2). 285 309.
61. Roberts, John A. and Jonathan Joseph (2005) ' Derrida, Foucault and Zizek: Being Realistic About Social Theory ', New Formations 54 (2). 109 20.
62. Rochefort, David A. and Roger W. Cobb (eds) (1994) The Politics of Problem Definition: Shaping the Policy Agenda. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas.
63. Ruth, David E. (1996) Inventing the Public Enemy: The Gangster in American Culture 19181934. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
64. Schlesinger, Arthur M. (1978) Robert Kennedy and His Times. London: Deutsch.
65. Schmidt, Brian C. (2005) ' Competing Realist Conceptions of Power ', Millennium: Journal of International Studies 33 (3). 523 50.
66. Smith, Dwight C. (1975) The Mafia Mystique. New York: Basic Books.
67. Stritzel, Holger (2006) 'The Mbius Ribbon of Insecurity: Myth or Reality?', paper presented at the conference 'Critical Approaches to Security in Europe II Constructing Insecurity and the Political ', 29 September1 October, Tampere, FL.
68. Taureck, Rita (2006) 'Securitisation Theory The Story So Far (Part One). Theoretical Inheritance and What it Means to be a Poststructural Realist', paper presented at the 47th annual ISA convention, 2225 March, San Diego, CA.
69. Wver, Ole (1989) 'Security, the Speech Act: Analyzing the Politics of a Word (and the Transformation of a Continent)., unpublished manuscript.
70. Wver, Ole (1995) ' Securitization and Desecuritization ', in Ronnie D. Lipschutz (ed.) On Security, pp. 46 86. New York: Columbia University Press.
71. Wver, Ole (1997) Concepts of Security. Copenhagen: University of Copenhagen, Institute of Political Science.
72. Wver, Ole (2000) ' The EU as a Security Actor: Reflections from a Pessimistic Constructivist on Post Sovereign Security Orders ', in Morton Kelstrup and Michael C. Williams (eds) International Relations Theory and the Politics of European Integration, pp. 250 94. London: Routledge.
73. Wver, Ole (2001) ' Identity, Communities and Foreign Policy ', in Lene Hansen and Ole Wver (eds) European Integration and National Identity, pp. 20 50. London: Routledge.
74. Wver, Ole (2003) 'Securitization: Taking Stock of a Research Programme in Security Studies', unpublished manuscript.
75. Wver, Ole (2004) 'Ole Wver's 10, ' Tidsskriftet Politik 7 (4). December; ( http://www.tidsskriftetpolitik.dk/index.php?id=125, December 2005 ).
76. Wallerstein, Immanuel (2003) The Decline of American Power. New York: The New Press.
77. Weldes, Jutta (1996) ' Constructing National Interest ', European Journal of International Relations 2 (3). 275 318.
78. Wight, Colin (1999) ' They Shoot Dead Horses Don't They? Locating Agency in the AgentStructure Problematique ', European Journal of International Relations 5 (1). 109 42.
79. Wight, Colin (2006) Agents, Structures and International Relations: Politics as Ontology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
80. Williams, Michael C. (2003) ' Words, Images, Enemies: Securitization and International Politics ', International Studies Quarterly 47 (4). 511 31.
81. Wodak, Ruth (2001 a) 'What CDA is About Summary of its History, Important Concepts and its Developments', in Ruth Wodak and Michael Meyer (eds) Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis, pp. 1 13. London: Sage.
82. Wodak, Ruth (2001 b) 'The Discourse-historical Approach', in Ruth Wodak and Michael Meyer (eds) Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis, pp. 63 94. London: Sage.
83. Wodak, Ruth and Michael Meyer (2001) Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis. London: Sage.
84. Zizek, Slavoj (1989) The Sublime Object of Ideology. London: Verso.