Electrophoretic and Western blot analyses of the lipopolysaccharide and glycocalyx of Flavobacterium psychrophilum

Fish and Shellfish Immunology

Volumn 23, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 770-780

  LaFrentz, Benjamin R ^a   Lindstrom, Nicole M ^a   LaPatra, Scott E ^b   Call, Douglas R ^c   Cain, Kenneth D ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF IDAHO   (United States)

^b CLEAR SPRINGS FOODS INC   (United States)

^c WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Coldwater disease; Flavobacterium psychrophilum; Glycocalyx; Lipopolysaccharide; Rainbow trout fry syndrome

Indexed keywords

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); FLAVOBACTERIUM; FLAVOBACTERIUM PSYCHROPHILUM; ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS; SALMONIDAE;

EID: 34547589277     PISSN: 10504648     EISSN: 10959947     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2007.02.005     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Borg AF. Studies on myxobacteria associated with diseases in salmonid fishes. PhD dissertation. Seattle, WA: University of Washington; 1948.
2. Nematollahi A., Decostere A., Pasmans F., and Haesebrouck F. Flavobacterium psychrophilum infections in salmonid fish. J Fish Dis 26 (2003) 563-574
3. Elsayed E.E., Eissa A.E., and Faisal M. Isolation of Flavobacterium psychrophilum from sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus L.,with skin lesions in Lake Ontario. J Fish Dis 29 (2006) 629-632
4. Michel C., Antonio D., and Hedrick R.P. Production of viable cultures of Flavobacterium psychrophilum: approach and control. Res Microbiol 150 (1999) 351-358
5. Rangdale R.E., Richards R.H., and Alderman D.J. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of selected antimicrobial compounds against Flavobacterium psychrophilum the causal agent of rainbow trout fry syndrome (RTFS). Aquaculture 158 (1997) 193-201
6. Bruun M.S., Schmidt A.S., Madsen L., and Dalsgaard I. Antimicrobial resistance patterns in Danish isolates of Flavobacterium psychrophilum. Aquaculture 187 (2000) 201-212
7. Schmidt A.S., Bruun M.S., Dalsgaard I., Pedersen K., and Larsen J.L. Occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in fish-pathogenic and environmental bacteria associated with four Danish rainbow trout farms. Appl Environ Microbiol 66 (2000) 4908-4915
8. Bernardet J.F. Immunization with bacterial antigens: Flavobacterium and Flexibacter infections. Dev Biol Stand 90 (1997) 179-188
9. Caroff M., Karibian D., Cavaillon J.M., and Haeffner-Cavaillon N. Structural and functional analyses of bacterial lipopolysaccharides. Microbes Infect 4 (2002) 915-926
10. Whitfield C. Lipopolysaccharides. In: Lederberg J. (Ed). Encyclopedia of microbiology (2000), Academic Press, San Diego 71-85
11. Boulnois G.J., and Roberts I.S. Genetics of capsular polysaccharide production in bacteria. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 150 (1990) 1-18
12. Ørskov F., and Ørskov I. The serology of capsular antigens. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 150 (1990) 43-63
13. Roberts I.S. The biochemistry and genetics of capsular polysaccharide production in bacteria. Annu Rev Microbiol 50 (1996) 285-315
14. Costerton J.W., Irvin R.T., and Cheng K.J. The bacterial glycocalyx in nature and disease. Annu Rev Microbiol 35 (1981) 299-324
15. Lee C.J., Lee L.H., Lu C.S., and Wu A. Bacterial polysaccharides as vaccines - immunity and chemical characterization. Adv Exp Med Biol 491 (2001) 453-471
16. MacLean L.L., Vinogradov E., Crump E.M., Perry M.B., and Kay W.W. The structure of the lipopolysaccharide O-antigen produced by Flavobacterium psychrophilum (259-93). Eur J Biochem 268 (2001) 2710-2716
17. Rangdale R.E., Richards R.H., and Alderman D.J. Histopathological and electron microscopical observations on rainbow trout fry syndrome. Vet Rec 144 (1999) 251-254
18. Vatsos I.N., Thompson K.D., and Adams A. Development of an immunofluorescent antibody technique (IFAT) and in situ hybridization to detect Flavobacterium psychrophilum in water samples. Aquac Res 33 (2002) 1087-1090
19. Vatsos I.N., Thompson K.D., and Adams A. Starvation of Flavobacterium psychrophilum in broth, stream water and distilled water. Dis Aquat Org 56 (2003) 115-126
20. Crump E.M., Perry M.B., Clouthier S.C., and Kay W.W. Antigenic characterization of the fish pathogen Flavobacterium psychrophilum. Appl Environ Microbiol 67 (2001) 750-759
21. Møller J.D., Barnes A.C., Dalsgaard I., and Ellis A.E. Characterisation of surface blebbing and membrane vesicles produced by Flavobacterium psychrophilum. Dis Aquat Org 64 (2005) 201-209
22. LaFrentz B.R., LaPatra S.E., Jones G.R., and Cain K.D. Protective immunity in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss following immunization with distinct molecular mass fractions isolated from Flavobacterium psychrophilum. Dis Aquat Org 59 (2004) 17-26
23. Rahman H., Kuroda A., Dijkstra J.M., Kiryu I., Nakanishi T., and Ototake M. The outer membrane fraction of Flavobacterium psychrophilum induces protective immunity in rainbow trout and ayu. Fish Shellfish Immunol 12 (2002) 169-179
24. Eidhin D.N., and Mouton C. A rapid method for preparation of rough and smooth lipopolysaccharide from Bacteroides, Porphyromonas and Prevotella. FEMS Microbiol Lett 110 (1993) 133-138
25. Hitchcock P.J., and Brown T.M. Morphological heterogeneity among Salmonella lipopolysaccharide chemotypes in silver-stained polyacrylamide gels. J Bacteriol 154 (1983) 269-277
26. Holt R.A., Rohovec J.S., and Fryer J.L. Bacterial coldwater disease. In: Inglis V., Roberts R.J., and Bromage N.R. (Eds). Bacterial diseases of fish (1993), Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford 3-23
27. Westphal O., and Jann K. Bacterial lipopolysaccharides. Extraction with phenol-water and further applications of the procedure. In: Whistler R.L. (Ed). Methods in carbohydrate chemistry (1965), Academic Press, Inc., New York 83-91
28. Filip C., Fletcher G., Wulff J.L., and Earhart C.F. Solubilization of the cytoplasmic membrane of Escherichia coli by the ionic detergent sodium-lauryl sarcosinate. J Bacteriol 115 (1973) 717-722
29. Laemmli U.K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227 (1970) 680-685
30. Fomsgaard A., Freudenberg M.A., and Galanos C. Modification of the silver staining technique to detect lipopolysaccharide in polyacrylamide gels. J Clin Microbiol 28 (1990) 2627-2631
31. Poxton I.R. Antibodies to lipopolysaccharide. J Immunol Methods 186 (1995) 1-15
32. Hitchcock P.J., Leive L., Makela P.H., Rietschel E.T., Strittmatter W., and Morrison D.C. Lipopolysaccharide nomenclature-past, present, and future. J Bacteriol 166 (1986) 699-705
33. Caroff M., and Karibian D. Structure of bacterial lipopolysaccharides. Carbohydr Res 338 (2003) 2431-2447
34. Palva E.T., and Makela P.H. Lipopolysaccharide heterogeneity in Salmonella typhimurium analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Eur J Biochem 107 (1980) 137-143
35. Darveau R.P., and Hancock R.E. Procedure for isolation of bacterial lipopolysaccharides from both smooth and rough Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella typhimurium strains. J Bacteriol 155 (1983) 831-838
36. Goldman R.C., and Leive L. Heterogeneity of antigenic-side-chain length in lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli 0111 and Salmonella typhimurium LT2. Eur J Biochem 107 (1980) 145-153
37. Reuhs B.L., Carlson R.W., and Kim J.S. Rhizobium fredii and Rhizobium meliloti produce 3-deoxy-d-manno-2-octulosonic acid-containing polysaccharides that are structurally analogous to group II K antigens (capsular polysaccharides) found in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol 175 (1993) 3570-3580
38. Reuhs B.L., Geller D.P., Kim J.S., Fox J.E., Kolli V.S., and Pueppke S.G. Sinorhizobium fredii and Sinorhizobium meliloti produce structurally conserved lipopolysaccharides and strain-specific K antigens. Appl Environ Microbiol 64 (1998) 4930-4938
39. Turner R.E., and Cowman M.K. Cationic dye binding by hyaluronate fragments: dependence on hyaluronate chain length. Arch Biochem Biophys 237 (1985) 253-260
40. Tikkanen K., Hayrinen J., Pelkonen S., and Finne J. Immunoblot analysis of bacterial polysaccharides: application to the type-specific polysaccharides of Streptococcus suis and Streptococcus agalactiae. J Immunol Methods 187 (1995) 233-244
41. Pelkonen S., Hayrinen J., and Finne J. Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the capsular polysaccharides of Escherichia coli K1 and other bacteria. J Bacteriol 170 (1988) 2646-2653
42. Lerouge I., and Vanderleyden J. O-antigen structural variation: mechanisms and possible roles in animal/plant-microbe interactions. FEMS Microbiol Rev 26 (2001) 17-47
43. Moxon E.R., and Kroll J.S. The role of bacterial polysaccharide capsules as virulence factors. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 150 (1990) 65-85
44. Cross A.S. The biologic significance of bacterial encapsulation. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 150 (1990) 87-95
45. Lammens M., Decostere A., and Haesebrouck F. Effect of Flavobacterium psychrophilum strains and their metabolites on the oxidative activity of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss phagocytes. Dis Aquat Org 41 (2000) 173-179
46. Wiklund T., and Dalsgaard I. Association of Flavobacterium psychrophilum with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) kidney phagocytes in vitro. Fish Shellfish Immunol 15 (2003) 387-395
47. Wiklund T., and Dalsgaard I. Survival of Flavobacterium psychrophilum in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) serum in vitro. Fish Shellfish Immunol 12 (2002) 141-153
48. Rioux S., Dubreuil D., Begin C., Laferriere C., Martin D., and Jacques M. Evaluation of protective efficacy of an Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 1 lipopolysaccharide-protein conjugate in mice. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 20 (1997) 63-74
49. Pier G.B. Promises and pitfalls of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide as a vaccine antigen. Carbohydr Res 338 (2003) 2549-2556
50. Conlan J.W., Shen H., Webb A., and Perry M.B. Mice vaccinated with the O-antigen of Francisella tularensis LVS lipopolysaccharide conjugated to bovine serum albumin develop varying degrees of protective immunity against systemic or aerosol challenge with virulent type A and type B strains of the pathogen. Vaccine 20 (2002) 3465-3471
51. Aoki T., Sakai M., and Takahashi S. Protective immunity in ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, vaccinated by immersion with Vibrio anguillarum. Fish Pathol 19 (1984) 181-185
52. Soltani M., and Kalbassi M.R. Protection of Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) fingerling against Aeromonas hydrophila septicemia using three different antigens. Bull Eur Assoc Fish Pathol 21 (2001) 235-240
53. Saeed M.O., and Plumb J.A. Immune response of channel catfish to lipopolysaccharide and whole cell Edwardsiella ictaluri vaccines. Dis Aquat Org 2 (1986) 21-25
54. Baba T., Imamura J., Izawa K., and Ikeda K. Immune protection in carp, Cyprinus carpio L., after immunization with Aeromonas hydrophila crude lipopolysaccharide. J Fish Dis 11 (1988) 237-244
55. Jennings H.J. Capsular polysaccharides as vaccine candidates. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 150 (1990) 97-127