Contradictory consequences of mandatory conscription: The case of women secretaries in the Israeli military

Gender and Society

Volumn 21, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 481-507

  Sasson Levy, Orna ^a  

^a BAR ILAN UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

Author keywords

Gendered organizations; Israel; Mandatory conscription; Military; Secretaries

Indexed keywords

EID: 34547352150     PISSN: 08912432     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0891243207303538     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Acker, Joan 1990. Hierarchies, jobs, bodies: A theory of gendered organizations. Gender Society 4: 139-58.
2. Ben-Ari, Eyal 1998. Mastering soldiers: conflict, emotions and the enemy in an Israeli military unit. New York: Bergahm Books.
3. Ben-Eliezer, Uri 1995. A nation in arms: State, nation, and militarism in Israel's first year. Comparative Studies of Society and History 37 (2). 264-85.
4. Ben-Gurion, David 1957. Career or mission? [in Hebrew]. In H azon vaderech. Tel Aviv, Israel: Ayanot.
5. Berk, Sarah 1985. The gender factory. New York: Plenum.
6. Berkovitch, Nitza 1997. Motherhood as a national mission: The construction of womanhood in the legal discourse in Israel. Women's Studies International Forum 20 (5 / 6). 605-19.
7. Binkin, Martin. 1984. America's volunteer militaryProgress and prospects. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
8. Bloom, Anne R. 1982. IsraelThe longest war. In Female soldiersCombatant or noncombatant ? ed. N. L. Goldman. London: Greenwood.
9. Britton, Dana 2003. At work in the iron cage: The prison as gendered organization. New York: New York University Press.
10. Burk, James 1995. Citizenship status and military service: The quest for inclusion by minorities and conscientious objectors. Armed Forces and Society 21 (4). 503-29.
11. Cohen, Stuart 1997. Towards a new portrait of the (new) Israeli soldier. Israeli Affairs 3 (3 / 4). 77-117.
12. Collins, Patricia Hill 2000: Black feminist thought. New York: Routledge.
13. Committee for the Status of Women. 1978. Discussions and findings on the subject of women's service in the IDF. Jerusalem, Israel: Prime Minister's Office.
14. Connell, R.W. 1987. Gender and power: Society, the person, and sexual politics. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
15. Enloe, Cynthia 1980. Ethnic soldiers: State security in divided society. Athens: University of Georgia Press.
16. _. 1988. Does khaki become you ? London: Pandora.
17. Farley, Lin 1978. Sexual shakedown: The sexual harassment of women on the job. New York: Warner Books.
18. Ferguson, Kathy 1984. The feminist case against bureaucracy. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
19. Frisch, Felicks 2006. Not willing to give up the coffee [in Hebrew]. Ma'ariv, February 26.
20. Gill, Leslie 1997. Creating citizens, making men: Military and masculinity in Bolivia. Cultural Anthropology 12 (4). 527-50.
21. Giorgi, Amedeo 1975. An application of phenomenological method in psychology. In Duquesne studies in phenomenological psychology, vol. 2, ed. Giorgi Amadeo and Constance Fisher. Atlantic Highlands, NJ: Humanities Press.
22. Glenn, Evelyn N., and Roslyn L. Feldberg. 1979. Clerical work: The female occupation. In Women: A feminist perspective, ed. Jo Freeman. Palo Alto, CA: Mayfield.
23. Goldman, Nancy 1982. Female soldiersCombatant or noncombatant? Westport, CT: Greenwood.
24. Goldman, Nancy, and Karl Wiegand. 1984. The Israeli woman in combat. In The military, militarism, and polity, ed. M. Martin and E. McCrate. New York: Free Press.
25. Habas, Bracha 1964. Women of valor: The A. T. S. book [in Hebrew]. Tel Aviv, Israel: Am Oved.
26. Hareven, Gail 1989. Chic and sparkle: On women's service in the IDF [in Hebrew]. Shdemot, August.
27. Hartman Strom, Sharon. 1992. Beyond the typewriter: Gender, class and the origins of modern American office work, 1900-1930. Urbana: University of Chicago Press.
28. Hayes, Carlton J. H. 1931. The historical evolution of modern nationalism. New York: Russel and Russel.
29. Helman, Sara. 1999. War and resistance: Israeli civil militarism and its emergent crisis. Constellations 6: 390-411.
30. Izraeli, Dafna 1997. Gendering military service in the Israeli Defense Forces. Israel Social Science Research 12: 129-66.
31. Janowitz, Morris 1976. Military institutions and citizenship in Western societies. Armed Forces and Society 2: 185-204.
32. Jerbi, Iris 1996. The double price: The status of women in Israeli society and women's service in the IDF [in Hebrew]. Tel Aviv, Israel: Ramot.
33. Kandiyoti, Deniz 1988. Bargaining with patriarchy. Gender Society 2: 274-90.
34. Kanter, Rosabeth M. 1977. Men and women of the corporation. New York: Basic Books.
35. Levy, Yagil 1998. Militarizing inequality: A conceptual framework. Theory and Society 27: 873-904.
36. Lorber, Judith 2005. Breaking the bowls: Degendering and feminist change. New York: Norton.
37. MacKinnon, Catherine 1979. Sexual harassment of working women: A case of sex discrimination. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
38. Meyer, Leisa 1996. Creating GI Jane: Sexuality and power in the Women's Army Corps during World War II. New York: Columbia University Press.
39. Moon, Seungsook 2002. Beyond equality versus difference: Professional women soldiers in the South Korean Army. Social Politics 9 (2). 212-47.
40. Moskos, Charles 2000. Towards a postmodern military: The United States as a paradigm. In The post modern military: Armed forces after the cold war, ed. C. Moskos, D. R. Segal, and J. A. Williams. New York: Oxford University Press.
41. North Atlantic Treaty Organization. 2003. The United States national report to the Committee on Women in NATO Forces. http://www.nato.int/ims/2003/ win/national_reports/us.pdf
42. Ogasawara, Yuko 1998. Office ladies and salaried men: Power, gender and work in Japanese companies. Berkeley: University of California Press.
43. Peach, Lucinda Joy. 1996. Gender ideology in the ethics of women in combat. In I t's our military too ! ed. J. H. Stiehm. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.
44. Pringle, Rosemary 1989. Secretaries talk: Sexuality, power and work. London: Verso.
45. _. 2005. Male secretaries. In Gender through the prism of difference, ed. Maxine Baca Zinn, Pierrette Hondagneu-Sotelo, and Michael Messner. New York: Oxford University Press.
46. Sasson-Levy, Orna 2003. Feminism and military gender practices: Israeli women soldiers in masculine roles. Sociological Inquiry 73 (3). 440-65.
47. Sasson-Levy, Orna, and Sarit Amram-Katz. Forthcoming. Gender integration in Israeli officer training: Degendering and regendering the military. Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 33 ( 1 ).
48. Shafir, Gershon. 1998. The citizenship debate. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
49. Shafir, Gershon, and Yoav Peled. 1998. Citizenship and stratification in an ethnic democracy. Ethnic and Racial Studies 21 (3). 408-28.
50. Shaw, Martin, ed. 1984. War, state and society. New York: St. Martin's.
51. Sinai, Rutti. 2006. Deserving, but still not promoted [in Hebrew]. Ha'aretz, December 5.
52. Snyder, Claire R. 1999. Citizen-soldier and manly warriors: Military service and gender in the civic republic tradition. Lanham, MD: Rowman Littlefield.
53. Tilly, Charles. 1996. The emergence of citizenship in France and elsewhere. Citizenship, Identity, and Social History, International Review of Social History, 3 (supp.): 223-36.
54. West, Candace, and Don Zimmerman. 1987. Doing gender. Gender Society 1: 125-51.
55. Williams, Christine 1989. Gender differences at work: Women and men in non-traditional occupations. Berkeley: University of California Press.
56. Yohalan. 2006. The revolution of the secretaries in the IDF. Electronic newspaper no. 5, March. http://www.aka.idf.il/yohalan.
57. Yuval-Davis, Nira 1985. Front and rear: The sexual division of labor in the Israeli army. Feminist Studies 11: 649-75.