Fighting varroa: The silver bullet, or brass knuckles? The arsenal: Our choice of chemical weapons part II of two parts eighth in a series on integrated pest management of varroa

American Bee Journal

Volumn 147, Issue 7, 2007, Pages 613-617

  Oliver, Randy ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

VARROA;

EID: 34547321340     PISSN: 00027626     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (42)

1. A helpful review: A Review of Treatment Options for Control of Varroa Mite in New Zealand. www.biosecurity.govt.nz/pests-dis eases/animals/varroa
2. Ali, MA, M.K. Eshba, A.R. Hassan, and A.A. El-din. (2001) Control practices of Varroa jacobsoni Oud. using Apistan with special reference to its effect on worker longevity and its residues in wax and honey. Acarology - ESA Annual Meeting.
3. Anon (2003) Re-evaluation of coumaphos. www.pmra-arla.gc.ca/ english/pdf/pacr/paer2003-04-e.pdf
4. Anon (2006) Insights into social insects from the genome of the honeybee Apis mellifera. Nature 443, 931-949.
5. Bloomquist, J. (1996) Insecticides: Chemistries and Characteristics. Department of Entomology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
6. Bogdanov, S, V Kilchenmann, A Imdorf (1998) Acaricide residues in some bee products. J Apic Res 37(2): 57-67.
7. Bogdanov, S, V Kilkenmann, U Butikofen (2003) Determination of acaricide residues in beeswax: collaborative study. Apiacta 38: 235-245.
8. Chancy, WE (1988) The effect of synthetic pyrethroid insecticides on honey bees in Indiana: laboratory studies and a survey of beekeepers and pesticide applicators. A thesis submitted to the faculty of Purdue University.
9. Collins, AM, J Pettis, RR Wilbanks and M Feldlaufer (2004) Performance of honey bee, Apis mellifera, queens reared in beeswax cells impregnated with coumaphos. Journal of Apicultural Research 43(3): 128-134.
10. Currie, R. (1999) Fluvalinate Queen Tabs for Use Against Varroa jacobsoni Oud.: Efficacy and Impact on Honey Bee, Apis mellifera L., Queen and Colony Performance," American Bee Journal, Vol. 139(11): 871-876. Reviewed by Malcolm Sanford.
11. Duff, S.R. and Furgala, B. (1992) Some effects of menthol and fluvalinate on mite-free honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) colonies. American Bee Journal 132: 476-477.
12. Dyro, M (2007) Organophosphates. http://www.emedicine.com/ neuro/topic286.htm
13. Elzen, PJ, JR Baxter, M Spivak, WT Wilson (2000) Control of Varroa jacobsoni Oud. resistant to fluvalinate and amitraz using coumaphos. Apidologie 3: 437-441
14. Elzen, P and Westervelt (2004) A scientific note on reversion of fluvalinate resistance to a degree of susceptibility in Varroa destructor. Apidologie 35: 519-520
15. Frazier, M (1999) http://maarec.cas.psu.edu/Feb99_newsletter.html# recommendations
16. Fries, I, K Wallner, P Rosenkranz (1998) Effects on Varroa jacobsoni from acaricides in beeswax. J Apic Res 37(2): 85-90.
17. Haarmann, T, M Spivak, D Weaver, B Weaver, T Glenn (2002) Effects of Fluvalinate and Coumaphos on Queen Honey Bees (Hymenoptera: Apidae) in Two Commercial Queen Rearing Operations. J Econ Ent 95(1): 28-35.
18. Henderson, C. (1988) Tests of chemical control agents for Varroa jacobsoni in honey bee packages. In Needham, G.R., et al. (Eds.), Africanized Honey Bees and Bee Mites. Pp. 380-386.
19. Gassner, B, A Wüthrich, G Scholtysik and M Solioz (1997) The Pyrethroids Permethrin and Cyhalothrin are Potent Inhibitors of the Mitochondrial Complex I. Pharmacology 281 (2): 855-860.
20. Goodwin, R M, Taylor, M A, Mcbrydie, H M and Cox, H M. (2006) Drift of Varroa destructor-infested worker honey bees to neighboring colonies. Journal of Apicultural Research 45(3): 155-156.
21. Imdorf, A, V Kilchenmann, R Kuhn, S Bogdanov (2003) Beeswax replacement in organic beekeeping. Is there a risk of contamination by residues in hive walls? Apicacta 38: 178-182.
22. Liu, TP (1992) Fluvalinate and its after-effects. American Bee Journal 132: 398.
23. Milani, N (2001) Management of the resitance of varroa mites to acaracides. In Mites of the Honey Bee. Dadant and Sons.
24. Milani, N & GD Vedova (2002) Decline in the proportion of mites resistant to fluvalinate in a population of Varroa destructor not treated with pyrethroids. Apidologie 33: 417-422.
25. Mussen, E. (1992) Formulations. In From the UC Apiaries, November/December 1992. (Full text on my website)
26. Mutinelli, F & A Baggio (2004) Use of medical drugs against varroosis. Apiacta 39: 53-62.
27. Nasr, ME & K Wallner (2003) Miticide residues in honey and wax in North America. American Bee Journal 143:322
28. Otteni, M & W Ritter (2004) Acuteparalysis infection of bee brood (Apis mellifera L) from colonies treated with tau-fluvalinate. Apiacta 39:83-90.
29. Pettis. J, et al. (1991) Fluvalinate treatment of queen and worker honey bees Apidologie 22:1-7
30. Pettis, J. (2004) A scientific note on Varroa destructor resistance to coumaphos in the United States. Apidologie 35: 91-92.
31. Pettis, J, AM Collins, R Wilbanks and M Feldlaufer (2004) Effects of coumaphos on queen rearing in the honey bee. Apis mellifera. Apidologie 35: 605-610.
32. Pettis, J (2007) pers. comm. By permission.
33. Pridgeon J.W., Appel A.G., Moar W.J., Liu N. (2002) Variability of resistance mechanisms in pyrethroid resistant German cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae) Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology 73(3): 149-156.
34. Rinderer, TE, L de Guzman, V Lancaster, G Delatte & J Stelzer (1999) Varroa in the mating yard: I. The effects of Varroa jacobsoni and Apistan® on drone honey bees. American Bee Journal 139(2): 134-139.
35. Sanford, M (1998) http://www.ifas.ufl.edu/~mts/apishtm/apis98/apfeb98. htm#4).
36. st seminar in Munster, Assoc. of Inst. for Bee Research. Apidologie 35(5): 523.
37. Slabezki, Y, H Gal and Y Lensky (1991) cited in Apis 10(4) by Malcolm Sanford
38. Sylvester, HA, RP Watts, LI deGuzman, JA Stelzer, TE Rinderer 1999 Varroa in the mating yard: II. The effects of Varroa and fluvalinate on drone mating competetiveness. American Bee Journal 139(3): 225-227.
39. Tsigouri, et al. (2003) Fluvalinate residues in Greek honey and beeswax. Apiacta 38: 50-53.
40. Vesely, V, D Titera, J Lenicek, M Sekyra (2004) Amitraz and its residues in beeswax after 20 years of Varroa treatment in the Czeck Republic. First European Conference of Apidology, Udine 19-23 Sept 2004.
41. Wallner, K (1999) varroacides and their residues in bee products. Apidologie 30: 235-248.
42. Westcott, Lynn C., M.L. Winston 1999. Chemical acaricides in Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies: do they cause non-lethal effects? Canadian Entomologist 31:363-372.