Distribution of drugs of abuse within specific regions of the human brain

Forensic Science International

Volumn 170, Issue 2-3, 2007, Pages 179-182

  Stimpfl, T ^a,b   Reichel, S ^a  

^a MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF VIENNA   (Austria)

^b UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER HAMBURG EPPENDORF   (Germany)

Author keywords

Brain; Cerebellum; Distribution; Drugs of abuse; Medulla oblongata; Post mortem

Indexed keywords

BENZOYLECGONINE; DIAZEPAM; DIHYDROCODEINE; ECGONINE METHYL ESTER; HOMOCOCAINE; LEVOMEPROMAZINE; MORPHINE; OXAZEPAM;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; BRAIN; CADAVER; CAUSE OF DEATH; CEREBELLUM; CLINICAL ARTICLE; DRUG ABUSE; DRUG DISTRIBUTION; DRUG INTOXICATION; FEMALE; GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; HEART FAILURE; HUMAN; MALE; MASS SPECTROMETRY; MEDULLA OBLONGATA; OPIATE ADDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; REPRODUCIBILITY;

EID: 34447631313     PISSN: 03790738     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2007.03.032     Document Type: Article

References (17)

1. Drummer O.H., and Gerostamoulos J. Post-mortem drug analysis: analytical and toxicological aspects. Therap. Drug Monit. 24 (2002) 199-209
2. Milroy C.M., and Forrest A.R. Methadone deaths: a toxicological analysis. J. Clin. Pathol. 53 (2000) 277-281
3. Hearn W.L., Keran E.E., Wei H., and Hime G. Site-dependent post-mortem changes in blood cocaine concentrations. J. Forensic Sci. 36 (1991) 673-684
4. Logan B.K., Smirnow D., and Gullberg R.G. Lack of predictable site-dependent differences and time-dependent changes in post-mortem concentrations of cocaine, benzoylecgonine, and cocaethylene in humans. J. Anal. Toxicol. 21 (1997) 23-31
5. Moriya F., and Hashimoto Y. Post-mortem stability of cocaine and cocaethylene in blood and tissue of humans and rabbits. J. Forensic Sci. 41 (1996) 612-616
6. Sawyer W.R., and Forney R.B. Post-mortem disposition of morphine in rats. Forensic Sci. Int. 38 (1988) 259-273
7. Reed D. Comparison of Spectrofluorometric and GC/MS procedures for the quantitation of morphine in blood and brain. Clin. Toxicol. 14 (1979) 160-180
8. Pare E.M., Monforte J.R., and Thibert R.J. Morphine concentrations in brain tissue from heroin-associated deaths. J. Anal. Toxicol. 8 (1984) 213-216
9. Spiehler V.R., and Reed D. Brain concentrations of cocaine and benzoylecgonine in fatal cases. J. Forensic Sci. 30 (1985) 1003-1011
10. Spiehler V.R., and Brown R. Unconjugated morphine in blood by radioimmunoassay and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. J. Forensic Sci. 32 (1987) 906-916
11. Vycudilik W. Comparative morphine determination in brain segments by GC/MS. A means of determining the survival time. Z. Rechtsmed. 99 (1988) 263-272
12. Lowe R.H., Barnes A.J., Lehrmann E., Freed W.J., Kleinman J.E., Hyde T.M., Herman M.M., and Huestis M.A. A validated positive chemical ionization GC/MS method for the identification and quantification of amphetamine, opiates, cocaine, and metabolites in human post-mortem brain. J. Mass Spectrom. 41 (2006) 175-184
13. Stimpfl T., and Vycudilik W. Automatic screening in post-mortem toxicology. Forensic Sci. Int. 142 (2004) 115-125
14. Stimpfl T., Jurenitsch J., and Vycudilik W. General unknown screening in post-mortem tissue and blood samples: a semi-automatic solid-phase extraction using polystyrene resins followed by liquid-liquid extraction. J. Anal. Toxicol. 25 (2001) 125-129
15. Stimpfl T. Optimizing an automated solid-phase extraction procedure for post-mortem tissue samples. In: Spiehler V.R. (Ed). Proceedings of SOFT-TIAFT-FBI (2004)
16. Spiehler V.R. Computer-assisted interpretation in forensic toxicology: morphine-involved deaths. J. Forensic Sci. 34 (1989) 1104-1115
17. Spiehler V.R., Cravey R.H., Richards R.G., and Elliott H.W. The distribution of morphine in the brain in fatal cases due to the intravenous administration of heroin. J. Anal. Toxicol. 2 (1978) 62-67