Etiologies of chronic liver diseases in Hong Kong

European Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology

Volumn 19, Issue 8, 2007, Pages 659-664

  Fung, Konrad Tang Tat ^a   Fung, James ^b   Lai, Ching Lung ^b   Yuen, Man Fung ^b  

^a KWONG WAH HOSPITAL   (Hong Kong)

^b UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

Author keywords

Alcoholic liver disease; Chronic viral infection; Epidemiology; Etiology; Primary biliary cirrhosis

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ALCOHOL LIVER DISEASE; ARTICLE; AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS; CHINESE; CHRONIC LIVER DISEASE; COMPARATIVE STUDY; FEMALE; HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS C; HONG KONG; HOSPITAL; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; LITERATURE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MEDICAL RECORD REVIEW; NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SPECTROSCOPY; STATISTICAL SIGNIFICANCE; VACCINATION; VIRUS INFECTION; WILSON DISEASE;

ADULT; AGE FACTORS; AGE OF ONSET; AGED; CHRONIC DISEASE; FEMALE; HEPATITIS B, CHRONIC; HEPATITIS C, CHRONIC; HONG KONG; HUMANS; LIVER CIRRHOSIS, BILIARY; LIVER DISEASES; LIVER DISEASES, ALCOHOLIC; MALE; MIDDLE AGED;

EID: 34447576588     PISSN: 0954691X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MEG.0b013e3281ace0b7     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Alter MJ, Kruszon-Moran D, Nainan OV, MaQuillan GM, Gao F, Moyer LA, et al. The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States, 1988 through 1994. N Engl J Med 1999; 341:556-562.
2. US Cancer Statistics Working Group. United States cancer statistics: 1999-2002 incidence and mortality web-based report. Atlanta: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Cancer Institute; 2005. Available at www.cdc.gov/cancer/upcr/uscs
3. Department of Health. Surveillance of viral hepatitis in Hong Kong - 2003 Update Report [cited 4 December 2005]. Available from URL: http://www.info.gov. hk/hepatitis/download/papers/hepsurv03.pdf
4. Lai CL, Gregory PB, Wu PC, Lok AS, Wong KP, Ng MM. Hepatocellular carcinoma in Chinese males and females. Possible causes for the male predominance. Cancer 1987; 60:1107-1110.
5. Department of Health. Department of Health annual report 2003/2004 [cited 4 December 2005]. Available from URL: http://www.info.gov.hk/dh/publicat/index. htm
6. Census and Statistics Department. Summary results of 2001 population census [cited 5 December 2005]. Available from URL: http://www.info.gov.hk/ censtatd/eng/press/population/01c/press261001.htm
7. Lam KC, Lai CL, Wu PC, Todd D. Etiological spectrum of liver cirrhosis in the Chinese. J Chron Dis 1980; 33:375-381.
8. Department of Health. Recommendations on hepatitis B vaccination regimens in Hong Kong - Consensus of the Scientific Working Group on Viral Hepatitis Prevention. (Addendum March 2004) [cited 22 January 2006]. Available from URL: http://www.info.gov.hk/hepatitis/download/papers/hepBreg04.pdf
9. McCullough AJ, O'Connor B. Alcoholic liver disease: proposed recommendations for the American College of Gastroenterology. Am J Gastroenterol 1998; 93:2022-2236.
10. Roberts EA, Schilsky ML. A practice guideline on Wilson's disease. Hepatology 2003; 37:1475-1492.
11. Alvarez F, Berg PA, Bianchi FB, Bianchi L, Burroughs AK, Cancado EL, et al. International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group report: review of criteria for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis. J Hepatol 1999; 31:929-938.
12. Tavill AS. Diagnosis and management of hemochromatosis. Hepatology 2001; 33:1321-1328.
13. Brunt EM, Janney CG, Di Bisceglie AM, Neuschwander-Tetri MA, Bacon BR. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis: a proposal for grading and staging the histological lesions. Am J Gastroenterol 1999; 94:2467-2474.
14. Wong GL, Hui AY, Wong WS, Chan FK, Sung JJ, Chan HL. A retrospective study on clinical features and prognostic factors of biopsy-proven primary biliary cirrhosis in Chinese patients. Am J Gastroenterol 2005; 100:2205-2211.
15. Ko GT, Cockram CS, Chow CC, Yeung VT, Chan WB, So WY, Chan NN, Chan JC. Metabolic syndrome by the International Diabetes Federation definition in Hong Kong Chinese. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2006; 73:58-64.
16. Ford ES. Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome defined by the International Diabetes Federation among adults in the US. Diabetes Care 2005; 28:2745-2749.
17. Ioannou GN, Boyko EJ, Lee SP. The prevalence and predictors of elevated serum aminotransferase activity in the United States in 1999-2002. Am J Gastroenterol 2006; 101:76-82.
18. Stevens CE, Beasley RP, Tsui J, Lee WC. Vertical transmission of hepatitis antigen in Taiwan. N Engl J Med 1975; 292:771-774.
19. El- Youssef M. Wilson's disease. Mayo Clin Proc 2003; 78:1126-1136.
20. Sood S, Gow PJ, Christie JM, Angus PW. Epidemiology of primary biliary cirrhosis in Victoria, Australia: high prevalence in migrant populations. Gastroenterology 2004; 127:470-475.
21. Metcalf JV, Bhopal RS, Gray J, Howel D, James OFW. Incidence and prevalence of primary biliary cirrhosis in the city of Newcastle upon Tyne, England. Int J Epidemiol 1997; 26:830-836.
22. Sakauchi F, Mori M, Zeniya M, Toda G. A cross-sectional study of primary biliary cirrhosis in Japan: utilization of clinical data when patients applied to receive financial aid. J Epidemiol 2005; 15:24-28.
23. Chan CY, Lee SD, Huang YS, Wu JC, Tsai YT, Tsay SH, et al. Primary biliary cirrhosis in Taiwan. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1990; 5:560-565.
24. Chien RN, Sheen IS, Liaw YF. Low prevalences of HBV and HCV infection in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis in Taiwan: a case control study. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1993; 8:574-576.
25. Nalpas B, Thiers V, Pol S, Driss F, Thepot V, Berthelot P, et al. Hepatitis C viremia and anti-HCV antibodies in alcoholics. J Hepatol 1992; 14:381-384.
26. Poynard T, Bedossa P, Opolon P. Natural history of liver fibrosis progression in patients with chronic hepatitis C. Lancet 1997; 349:825-832.