Extending Darwin's analogy: Bridging differences in concepts of selection between farmers, biologists, and plant breeders

Economic Botany

Volumn 61, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 121-136

  Cleveland, David A ^a   Soleri, Daniela ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Crop genetic resources; Darwin; Evolution; Farmers; Phenotypic selection; Plant breeding

Indexed keywords

EID: 34447250302     PISSN: 00130001     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1663/0013-0001(2007)61[121:EDABDI]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (78)

1. Allard, R.W. 1999. Principles of plant breeding. Second edition. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
2. Allen, G. E. 1975. Life science in the twentieth century. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
3. Baskin, C. C., and J. M. Baskin. 2001. Seeds: Ecology, biogeography, and evolution of dormancy and germination. Academic Press, San Diego, California.
4. Berthaud, J., J. C. Clément, L. Emperaire, D. Louette, F. Pinton, J. Sanou, and S. Second. 2001. The role of local-level gene flow in enhancing and maintaining genetic diversity. Pages 1-23 in H. D. Cooper, C. Spillane, and T. Hodgkin, eds. Broadening the genetic base of crop production. CABI, Wallingford, Oxon, U.K.
5. Bockstaller, C., and P. Girardin. 1994. Effects of seed size on maize growth from emergence to silking. Maydica 39:213-218.
6. Bogin B, P. Smith, A. B. Orden, M. I. Varela Silva, and J. Louky. 2002. Rapid change in height and body proportions of Maya American children. American Journal of Human Biology 14 (6):753-761.
7. Ceccarelli, S, and S. Grando. 2002. Plant breeding with farmers requires testing the assumptions of conventional plant breeding: Lessons from the ICARDA barley program. Pages 297-332 in D. A. Cleveland and D. Soleri, eds. Farmers, scientists and plant breeding: Integrating knowledge and practice. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U.K.
8. _, S. Grando, and J. Hamblin. 1992. Relationship between barley grain yield measured in low-and high-yielding environments. Euphytica 64:49-58.
9. _, S. Grando, R. Tutwiler, J. Bahar, A. M. Martini, H. Salahieh, A. Goodchild, and M. Michael. 2000. A methodological study on participatory barley breeding. I. Selection phase. Euphytica 111:91-104.
10. Christinck, A. 2002. "This seed is like ourselves." A case study from Rajasthan, India, on the social aspects of biodiversity and farmers' management of pearl millet seed. Margraf Verlag, Weikersheim, Germany.
11. CIMMYT. 2000. The Oaxaca project: Farmers conserving maize diversity in the farmers' fields. (verified 9/26/06, Project home page: http://www.cimmyt. org/Research/economics/oaxaca/overview/ov_pa.htm).
12. Cleveland, D. A. 2001. Is plant breeding science objective truth or social construction? The case of yield stability. Agriculture and Human Values 18(3):251-270.
13. _, D. Soleri, and S. E. Smith. 2000. A biological framework for understanding farmers' plant breeding. Economic Botany 54:377-394.
14. _, and D. Soleri. 2002. Introduction. Farmers, scientists and plant breeding: Knowledge, practice, and the possibilities for collaboration. Pages 1-18 in D. A. Cleveland and D. Soleri, eds. Farmers, scientists and plant breeding: Integrating knowledge and practice. CAB International, Oxon, U.K.
15. Cooper, H. D., C. Spillane, and T. Hodgkin. 2001. Broadening the genetic base of crops: An overview. Pages 1-23 in H. D. Cooper, C. Spillane, and T. Hodgkin, eds. Broadening the genetic base of crop production. CABI, Wallingford, Oxon, U.K.
16. Darwin, C. 1859. On the origin of species by means of natural selection. First, facsimile edition, 1967. Athenum, New York. John Murray, London, U.K..
17. _. 1883 [1868]a. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. Volume 2. Second, revised edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland.
18. _. 1883 [1868]b. The variation of animals and plants under domestication. Volume 1. Second, revised edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, Maryland.
19. de Vries, H. 1909. Variation. Pages 66-84 in A. C. Seward, ed. Darwin and modern science. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
20. Duvick, D. N. 2002. Theory, empiricism and intuition in professional plant breeding. Pages 239-267 in D. A. Cleveland and D. Soleri, D, eds. Farmers, scientists and plant breeding: Integrating knowledge and practice. CAB International, Oxon, U.K.
21. Elias, M, L. Penet, P. Vindry, D. McKey, O. Panaud, and T. Robert. 2001. Unmanaged sexual reproduction and the dynamics of genetic diversity of a vegetatively propagated crop plant, cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), in a traditional farming system. Molecular Ecology 10:1895-1907.
22. Endler, J. A. 1986. Natural selection in the wild. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
23. _. 1992. Natural selection: Current usages. Pages 220-224 in E. F. Keller and E. A. Lloyd, eds. Key words in evolutionary biology. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
24. Evans, L. T. 1993. Crop evolution, adaptation and yield. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
25. Falconer, D. S., and T. F. Mackay. 1996. Introduction to quantitative genetics. Fourth edition. Prentice Hall/Pearson Education, Edinburgh, U.K.
26. Fisher, R. A. 1999 [1930]. The genetical theory of natural selection: A complete variorum edition. Oxford University Press, Oxford, U.K.
27. Fitzgerald, D. 1990. The business of breeding: Hybrid corn in Illinois, 1890-1940. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York.
28. Frankel, O. H., A. H. D. Brown, and J. J. Burdon. 1995. The conservation of plant biodiversity. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.
29. Gibson, R. W., N. G. Lyimo, A. E. M. Temu, T. E. Stathers, W. W. Page, L. T. H. Nsemwa, G. Acola, and R. I. Lamboll. 2005. Maize seed selection by East African smallholder farmers and resistance to maize streak virus. Annals of Applied Biology 147(2):153-159.
30. Gould, S. J. 2002. The structure of evolutionary theory. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
31. Harlan, J. R. 1992. Crops and man. Second edition. American Society of Agronomy, Inc., and Crop Science Society of America, Inc., Madison, Wisconsin.
32. Hedrick, P. W. 2005. Genetics of populations. Third edition. Jones and Bartlett, Boston, Massachusetts.
33. Hull, D. L. 1980. Individuality and selection. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 11:311-332.
34. _. 2001. Science and selection: Essays on biological evolution and the philosophy of science. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, U.K.
35. Keller, E. F. 2000. The century of the gene. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
36. King, R. C., and W. D. Stansfield. 1990. A dictionary of genetics. Fourth edition. Oxford University Press, Oxford, U.K.
37. Kloppenburg, J. 1988. First the seed: The political economy of plant biotechnology, 1492-2000. Cambridge University Press, New York.
38. Lacy, S., D. A. Cleveland, and D. Soleri. 2006. Farmer choice of sorghum varieties in southern Mali. Human Ecology 34:331-353.
39. Louette, D., A. Charrier, and J. Berthaud. 1997. In situ conservation of maize in Mexico: Genetic diversity and maize seed management in a traditional community. Economic Botany 51:20-38.
40. _, and M. Smale. 2000. Farmers' seed selection practices and maize variety characteristics in a traditional Mexican community. Euphytica 113:2541.
41. Maynard Smith, J. 1989. Evolutionary genetics. Oxford University Press, Oxford, U.K.
42. Michod, R. E. 1999. Darwinian dynamics: Evolutionary transitions in fitness and individuality. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey.
43. Olsen, K. M., A. L. Caicedo, N. Polato, A. McClung, S. McCouch, and M. D. Purugganan. 2006. Selection under domestication: Evidence for a sweep in the rice Waxy genomic region. Genetics 173(2):975-983.
44. Perales, H., S. B. Brush, and C. O. Qualset. 2003. Dynamic management of maize landraces in Central Mexico. Economic Botany 57(1):21-34.
45. _, B. F. Benz, and S. B. Brush. 2005. Maize diversity and ethnolinguistic diversity in Chiapas, Mexico. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102(3):949-954.
46. Pommel, B. 1990. Influence du poids de la semence et de la profondeur de semis sur la croissance et le développement de la plantule de maïs. Agronomie 10:699-708.
47. Pressoir, G., and J. Berthaud. 2004. Population structure and strong divergent selection shape phenotypic diversification in maize landraces. Heredity 92(2):95-101.
48. Provine, W. B. 1971. The origins of theoretical population genetics. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois.
49. Pujol, B., P. David, and D. McKey. 2005. Microevolution in agricultural environments: How a traditional Amerindian farming practice favours heterozygosity in cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz, Euphorbiaceae). Ecology Letters 8(2):138-147.
50. Revilla, P., R. Butrón, R. A. Malvar, and A. Ordás. 1999. Relationships among kernel weight, early vigor, and growth in maize. Crop Science 39:654-658.
51. Rice, E., M. Smale, and J-L Blanco. 1998. Farmers' use of improved seed selection practices in Mexican maize: Evidence and issues from the Sierra de Santa Marta. World Development 26:1625-1640.
52. Ruse, M. 1975. Darwin and artificial selection. Journal of the History of Ideas 36(2):339-350.
53. Schneider, J. 2002. Selecting with farmers: The formative years of cereal breeding and public seed in Switzerland (1889-1936). Pages 161-187 in D. A. Cleveland and D. Soleri, eds. Farmers, scientists and plant breeding: Integrating knowledge and practice. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U.K.
54. Shanahan, T. 1990. Evolution, phenotypic selection, and the units of selection. Philosophy of Science 57:210-225.
55. Simmonds, N. W., and J. Smartt. 1999. Principles of crop improvement. Second edition. Blackwell Science, Ltd., Oxford, U.K.
56. Smith, M. E., F. Castillo G., and F. Gómez. 2001. Participatory plant breeding with maize in Mexico and Honduras. Euphytica 122(3):551-565.
57. Sober, E. 1984. The nature of selection. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, Illinois..
58. Soleri, D. 1999. Developing methodologies to understand farmer-managed maize folk varieties and farmer seed selection in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, Mexico. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
59. _, S. E. Smith, and D. A. Cleveland. 2000. Evaluating the potential for farmer and plant breeder collaboration: A case study of farmer maize selection in Oaxaca, Mexico. Euphytica 116:41-57.
60. _, and D. A. Cleveland. 2001. Farmers' genetic perceptions regarding their crop populations: An example with maize in the Central Valleys of Oaxaca, Mexico. Economic Botany 55:106-128.
61. _. 2004. Farmer selection and conservation of crop varieties. Pages 433-438 in R. M. Goodman, ed. Encyclopedia of plant and crop science. Marcel Dekker, New York.
62. _. 2005. Scenarios as a tool for eliciting and understanding farmers' biological knowledge. Field Methods 17:283-301.
63. _, D. A. Cleveland, S. E. Smith, S. Ceccarelli, S. Grando, R. B. Rana, D. Rijal, and H. Ríos Labrada. 2002. Understanding farmers' knowledge as the basis for collaboration with plant breeders: Methodological development and examples from ongoing research in Mexico, Syria, Cuba, and Nepal. Pages 19-60 in D. A. Cleveland and D. Soleri, eds. Farmers, scientists and plant breeding: Integrating knowledge and practice. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U.K.
64. _, D. A. Cleveland, F. Aragón Cuevas, S. Ceccarelli, M. Diarra, S. Grando, S. Lacy, M. Michael, R. Ortiz, R. B. Rana, F. Rattunde, D. Rijal, H. Ríos Labrada, A. Sangar, S. Amadou, S. E. Smith, T. Issa, and E. R. Weltzien. 2004. Farmers' perceptions of crop genotype-environment interactions in five locations around the world.
65. _, D. A. Cleveland, F. Aragón Cuevas, H. Ríos Labrada, M. R. Fuentes Lopez, and S. H. Sweeney. 2005. Understanding the potential impact of transgenic crops in traditional agriculture: Maize farmers' perspectives in Cuba, Guatemala and Mexico. Environmental Biosafety Research 4:141-166.
66. Sperling, L., M. E. Loevinsohn, and B. Ntabomvura. 1993. Rethinking the farmer's role in plant breeding: Local bean experts and on-station selection in Rwanda. Experimental Agriculture 29:509-519.
67. vom Brocke, K., T. Presterl, A. Christinck, E. Weltzien, and H. H. Geiger. 2002. Farmers' seed management practices open up new base populations for pearl millet breeding in a semi-arid zone of India. Plant Breeding 121:36-42.
68. _, E. Weltzien, A. Christinck, T. Presterl, and H. H. Geiger. 2003a. Effects of farmers' seed management on performance and adaptation of pearl millet in Rajasthan, India. Euphytica 130:267-280.
69. _. 2003b. Farmers' seed systems and management practices determine pearl millet genetic diversity in semiarid regions of India. Crop Science 43:1680-1689.
70. Wallace, H. A., and W. L. Brown. 1988. Corn and its early fathers. Revised edition. Iowa State Univetsity Press, Ames, Iowa.
71. Weltzien, E., M. E. Smith, L. S. Meitzner, and L. Sperling. 2003. Technical and institutional issues in participatory plant breeding - From the perspective of formal plant breeding. A global analysis of issues, results, and current experience. PPB monograph. PRGA Program Coordination Office, Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical, Cali, Columbia.
72. Whitt, S. R., L. M. Wilson, M. I. Tenaillon, B. S. Gaut, and E. S. Buckler. 2002. Genetic diversity and selection in the maize starch pathway. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99(20):12959-12962.
73. Wilson, A. J., J. M. Pemberton, J. G. Pilkington, D. W. Coltman, D. V. Mifsud, T. H. Clutton-Brock, and L. E. B. Kruuk. 2006. Environmental coupling of selection and heritability limits evolution. PLoS Biology 4(7):1270-1275.
74. Wilson, D. S. 1980. The natural selection of populations and communities. Benjamin/Cummings, Menlo Park, California.
75. _. 2004. What is wrong with absolute individual fitness? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 19(5):245-248.
76. Winn, A.A. 2004. Natural selection, evolvability and bias due to environmental covariance in the field in an annual plant. Journal of Evolutionary Biology 17(5):1073-1083.
77. Wright, S. I., I. V. Bi, S. G. Schroeder, M. Yamasaki, J. F. Doebley, M. D. McMullen, and B. S. Gaut. 2005. The effects of artificial selection of the maize genome. Science 308(5726):1310-1314.
78. Zimmerer, K. S. 1996. Changing fortunes: Biodiversity and peasant livelihood in the Peruvian Andes. University of California Press, Berkeley, California.