Is 2,3,5-pyrroletricarboxylic acid in hair a better risk indicator for melanoma than traditional epidemiologic measures for skin phenotype?

American Journal of Epidemiology

Volumn 165, Issue 10, 2007, Pages 1170-1177

  Rosso, Stefano ^a   Zanetti, Roberto ^a   Sánchez, Maria José ^b   Nieto, Adoración ^c   Miranda, Ana ^d   Mercier, Mariette ^e   Loria, Dora ^f   Østerlind, Anne ^g   Greinert, Rüdiger ^h   Chirlaque, Maria Dolores ⁱ   Fabbrocini, Gabriella ^j   Barbera, Cesare ^k   Sancho Garnier, Hélène ^l   Lauria, Carmela ^m   Balzi, Daniela ⁿ   Zoccola, Marina ^o  

^a Center for Oncologic Prevention   (Italy)

^b ANDALUSIAN SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (Spain)

^c UNIVERSITY OF SEVILLE   (Spain)

^d Cancer Registry of Southern Portugal   (Portugal)

^e UNIVERSITÉ DE FRANCHE COMTÉ   (France)

^f UNIVERSIDAD DE BUENOS AIRES   (Argentina)

^g HILLERØD HOSPITAL   (Denmark)

^h Department of Dermatology   (Germany)

ⁱ DEPARTMENT OF EPIDEMIOLOGY   (Spain)

^j UNIVERSITY OF NAPLES FEDERICO II   (Italy)

^k OSPEDALE DEGLI INFERMI   (Italy)

^l Herault Cancer Registry   (France)

^m Ragusa Hospital   (Italy)

ⁿ Regional Health Agency of Tuscany   (Italy)

^o CNR   (Italy)

more..

Author keywords

Melanins; Melanoma; Skin neoplasms; Spectroscopy, near infrared

Indexed keywords

2,3,5 PYRROLETRICARBOXYLIC ACID; CARBOXYLIC ACID DERIVATIVE; MELANIN; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; EUMELANIN; PYRROLE 2,3,5 TRICARBOXYLIC ACID; PYRROLE DERIVATIVE; PYRROLE-2,3,5-TRICARBOXYLIC ACID;

CANCER; DISEASE CONTROL; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HEALTH RISK; INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; MELANIN; RISK FACTOR; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; CANCER RISK; CONFIDENCE INTERVAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; EYE COLOR; FEMALE; HAIR ANALYSIS; HAIR COLOR; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MELANOMA; NEAR INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; PHENOTYPE; ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPY; BAYES THEOREM; CASE CONTROL STUDY; CHEMISTRY; CLINICAL TRIAL; HAIR; MIDDLE AGED; MULTICENTER STUDY; RISK FACTOR; SKIN TUMOR;

EURASIA; EUROPE; SOUTH AMERICA;

ADULT; AGED; BAYES THEOREM; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; HAIR; HUMANS; MALE; MELANINS; MELANOMA; MIDDLE AGED; PHENOTYPE; PYRROLES; RISK FACTORS; SKIN NEOPLASMS; SPECTROSCOPY, NEAR-INFRARED;

EID: 34447134902     PISSN: 00029262     EISSN: 14766256     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwm018     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. Bliss JM, Ford D, Swerdlow AJ, et al. Risk of cutaneous melanoma associated with pigmentation characteristics and freckling: systematic overview of 10 case-control studies. The International Melanoma Analysis Group (IMAGE). Int J Cancer 1995;62:367-76.
2. Gandini S, Sera F, Cattaruzza MS, et al. Meta-analysis of risk factors for cutaneous melanoma. I. Common and atypical naevi. Eur J Cancer 2005;41:28-44.
3. Elwood JM, Jopson J. Melanoma and sun exposure: an overview of published results. Int J Cancer 1997;73:198-203.
4. Gandini S, Sera F, Cattaruzza MS, et al. Meta-analysis of risk factors for cutaneous melanoma. II. Sun exposure. Eur J Cancer 2005;41:45-60.
5. Whiteman DC, Whiteman CA, Green AC. Childhood sun exposure as a risk factor for melanoma: a systematic review of epidemiologic studies. Cancer Causes Control 2001;12:69-82.
6. Begg CB, Berwick M. A note on the estimation of relative risks of rare genetic susceptibility markers. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1997;6:99-103.
7. Kadekaro AL, Kavanagh RJ, Wakamatsu K, et al. Cutaneous photobiology. The melanocyte vs. the sun: who will win the final round? Pigment Cell Res 2003;16:434-47.
8. Slominski A, Tobin DJ, Shibahara S, et al. Melanin pigmentation in mammalian skin and its hormonal regulation. Physiol Rev 2004;84:1155-228.
9. Ito S, Fujita K. Microanalysis of eumelanin and pheomelanin in hair and melanomas by chemical degradation and liquid chromatography. Anal Biochem 1985;144:527-36.
10. Napolitano A, Vincensi MR, Di Donato P, et al. Microanalysis of melanins in mammalian hair by alkaline hydrogen peroxide degradation: identification of a new structural marker of pheomelanins. J Invest Dermatol 2000;114:1141-7.
11. Zanetti R, Rosso S, Martinez C, et al. Comparison of risk patterns in carcinoma and melanoma of the skin in men: a multi-centre case-case-control study. Br J Cancer 2006;94:743-51.
12. Zanetti R, Prota G, Napolitano A, et al. Development of an integrated method of skin phenotype measurement using the melanins. Melanoma Res 2001;11:551-7.
13. Napolitano A, Pezzellala A, Vincensi MR, et al. Oxidative degradation of melanins to pyrrole acids: a model study. Tetrahedron 1995;20:5913-20.
14. Ozeki H, Ito S, Wakamatsu K, et al. Spectrophotometric characterisation of eumelanin and pheomelanin in hair. Pigment Cell Res 1996;9:265-70.
15. Zoccola M, Mossotti R, Innocenti R, et al. Near infrared spectroscopy as a tool for the determination of eumelanin in human hair. Pigment Cell Res 2004;17:379-85.
16. Gustafson P. Robustness considerations in Bayesian analysis. Stat Methods Med Res 1996;5:357-73.
17. Congdon P. Bayesian statistical modelling. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, 2001.
18. Spiegelhalter DJ, Thomas A, Best NG. WinBUGS version 1.2. technical report. Cambridge, United Kingdom: MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, 1999.
19. Prescott GJ, Garthwaite PH. Bayesian analysis of misclassified binary data from a matched case-control study with a validation sub-study. Stat Med 2005;24:379-401.
20. Zanetti R, Zoccola M, Mossotti R, et al. PTCA determination in human hair: reliability and analytical aspects. Med Sci Monit 2006;12:P123-8.
21. Hennessy A, Oh C, Diffey B, et al. Eumelanin and pheomelanin concentrations in human epidermis before and after UVB irradiation. Pigment Cell Res 2005;18:220-3.
22. Dwyer T, Blizzard L, Ashbolt R, et al. Cutaneous melanin density of Caucasians measured by spectrophotometry and risk of malignant melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin. Am J Epidemiol 2002;155:614-21.
23. Rózanowska M, Sarna T, Land EJ, et al. Free radical scavenging properties of melanin interaction of eu- and pheomelanin models with reducing and oxidising radicals. Free Radic Biol Med 1999;26:518-25.
24. Rees JL. Why are redheads so susceptible to melanoma? In: Newton-Bishop J, Gore M, eds. Melanoma: critical debates. Oxford, United Kingdom: Blackwell Science, 2002:46-60.
25. Hill HZ, Hill GJ. UVA, pheomelanin and the carcinogenesis of melanoma. Pigment Cell Res 2000;13(suppl 8):140-4.
26. Kennedy C, ter Huurne J, Berkhout M, et al. Melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) gene variants are associated with an increased risk for cutaneous melanoma which is largely independent of skin type and hair color. J Invest Dermatol 2001;117:294-300.
27. Dwyer T, Stankovich JM, Blizzard L, et al. Does the addition of information on genotype improve prediction of the risk of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer beyond that obtained from skin phenotype? Am J Epidemiol 2004;159:826-33.