The routine electrocardiogram for cardiovascular risk stratification in old Age: The Leiden 85-Plus Study

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society

Volumn 55, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 872-877

  De Ruijter, Wouter ^a   Westendorp, Rudi G J ^a   Macfarlane, Peter W ^b   Jukema, J Wouter ^a   Assendelft, Willem J J ^a   Gussekloo, Jacobijn ^a  

^a LEIDEN UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

^b UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Atrial fibrillation; Elderly; Electrocardiography; Myocardial infarction; Risk factors

Indexed keywords

AGED; ARTICLE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROCARDIOGRAM; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; FUNCTIONAL STATUS; HEART ATRIUM FIBRILLATION; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; PROGNOSIS; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; QUESTIONNAIRE; SAMPLE SIZE; SENESCENCE;

AGE FACTORS; AGED, 80 AND OVER; ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; COHORT STUDIES; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; FEMALE; HEALTH STATUS; HUMANS; MALE; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; NETHERLANDS; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PROGNOSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; SURVIVAL RATE;

EID: 34347403515     PISSN: 00028614     EISSN: 15325415     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01180.x     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Bonow RO, Smaha LA, Smith SC et al. World Heart Day 2002 - the international burden of cardiovascular disease: Responding to the emerging global epidemic. Circulation 2002 106 : 1602 1605.
2. Tran CTT, Laupacis A, Mamdani MM et al. Effect of age on the use of evidence-based therapies for acute myocardial infarction. Am Heart J 2004 148 : 834 841.
3. Sudlow M, Rodgers H, Kenny RA et al. Population based study of use of anticoagulants among patients with atrial fibrillation in the community. BMJ 1997 314 : 1529 1530.
4. Park KC, Forman DE, Wei JY. Utility of beta-blockade treatment for older postinfarction patients. J Am Geriatr Soc 1995 43 : 751 755.
5. Shepherd J, Blauw GJ, Murphy MB et al. Pravastatin in elderly individuals at risk of vascular disease (PROSPER): A randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2002 360 : 1623 1630.
6. Fox KM, Bertrand M, Ferrari R et al. Efficacy of perindopril in reduction of cardiovascular events among patients with stable coronary artery disease: Randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre trial (the EUROPA study). Lancet 2003 362 : 782 788.
7. Collaborative meta-analysis of randomised trials of antiplatelet therapy for prevention of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke in high-risk patients. BMJ 2002 324 : 71 86.
8. Fuster V, Ryden LE, Cannom DS et al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2001 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation): Developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation 2006 114 : e257 e354.
9. Van Bemmel T, Gussekloo J, Westendorp RGJ et al. In a population-based prospective study, no association between high blood pressure and mortality after age 85 years. J Hypertens 2006 24 : 287 292.
10. Weverling-Rijnsburger AWE, Blauw GJ, Lagaay AM et al. Total cholesterol and risk of mortality in the oldest old. Lancet 1997 350 : 1119 1123.
11. Nadelmann J, Frishman WH, Ooi WL et al. Prevalence, incidence and prognosis of recognized and unrecognized myocardial infarction in persons aged 75 years or older. The Bronx Aging Study. Am J Cardiol 1990 66 : 533 537.
12. Sheifer SE, Gersh BJ, Yanez ND III. et al. Prevalence, predisposing factors, and prognosis of clinically unrecognized myocardial infarction in the elderly. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000 35 : 119 126.
13. Petersen S, Peto V, Rayner M et al. European Cardiovascular Disease Statistics. London : British Heart Foundation, 2005.
14. Feinberg WM, Blackshear JL, Laupacis A et al. Prevalence, age distribution, and gender of patients with atrial-fibrillation - analysis and implications. Arch Intern Med 1995 155 : 469 473.
15. Benjamin EJ, Wolf PA, D'Agostino RB et al. Impact of atrial fibrillation on the risk of death. Circulation 1998 98 : 946 952.
16. Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial-fibrillation as an independent risk factor for stroke - The Framingham Study. Stroke 1991 22 : 983 988.
17. Lloyd-Jones DM, Wang TJ, Leip EP et al. Lifetime risk for development of atrial fibrillation - The Framingham Heart Study. Circulation 2004 110 : 1042 1046.
18. Prineas RJ, Crow RS, Blackburn H. The Minnesota Code Manual of Electrocardiographic Findings. Standards and Procedures for Measurement and Classification. Boston : Wright, 1982.
19. Ammar KA, Kors JA, Yawn BP et al. Defining unrecognized myocardial infarction: A call for standardized electrocardiographic diagnostic criteria. Am Heart J 2004 148 : 277 284.
20. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. 'Mini-mental state'. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975 12 : 189 198.
21. De Craen AJM, Heeren TJ, Gussekloo J. Accuracy of the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15) in a community sample of the oldest old. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2003 18 : 63 66.
22. Bootsma-van der Wiel A, Gussekloo J, de Craen AJM et al. Disability in the oldest old: 'Can do' or 'do do'? J Am Geriatr Soc 2001 49 : 909 914.
23. Clinical Guideline A. Prophylaxis for Patients Who Have Experienced a Myocardial Infarction. London : National Institute for Clinical Excellence, 2006.
24. Smith SC, Allen J, Blair SN et al. AHA/ACC guidelines for secondary prevention for patients with coronary and other atherosclerotic vascular disease: 2006 update - Endorsed by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Circulation 2006 113 : 2363 2372.
25. Sabatini T, Frisoni GB, Barbisoni P et al. Atrial fibrillation and cognitive disorders in older people. J Am Geriatr Soc 2000 48 : 387 390.
26. Schmidt WP, Roesler A, Kretzschmar K et al. Functional and cognitive consequences of silent stroke discovered using brain magnetic resonance imaging in an elderly population. J Am Geriatr Soc 2004 52 : 1045 1050.
27. Vinkers DJ, Stek ML, van der Mast RC et al. Generalized atherosclerosis, cognitive decline, and depressive symptoms in old age. Neurology 2005 65 : 107 112.
28. Rathore SS, Mehta RH, Wang YF et al. Effects of age on the quality of care provided to older patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am J Med 2003 114 : 307 315.
29. Von Faber M, Bootsma-van der Wiel A, Van Exel E et al. Successful aging in the oldest old - who can be characterized as successfully aged? Arch Intern Med 2001 161 : 2694 2700.
30. Cox CJ. Return to normal of the electrocardiogram after myocardial infarction. Lancet 1967 1 : 1194 1197.
31. Wilson JM, Jungner YG. Principles and practice of mass screening for disease. Bol Oficina Sanit Panam 1968 65 : 281 393.
32. Strandberg TE, Pitkala KH, Berglind S et al. Multifactorial intervention to prevent recurrent cardiovascular events in patients 75 years or older: The Drugs and Evidence-Based Medicine in the Elderly (DEBATE) Study: A randomized, controlled trial. Am Heart J 2006 152 : 585 592.