Distinguishing air from solid emboli using ultrasound: In-vitro study of the effect of Doppler carrier frequency

Journal of Neuroimaging

Volumn 17, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 211-218

  Rodriguez, Rosendo A ^a   Rodriguez, Carlos D ^a   Mesana, Thierry ^a   Nathan, Howard J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA HEART INSTITUTE   (Canada)

Author keywords

Brain; Cerebral embolization; Embolus differentiation; Transcranial Doppler

Indexed keywords

LATEX; MICROSPHERE;

AIR EMBOLISM; ARTICLE; BRAIN EMBOLISM; DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS; DOPPLER ECHOGRAPHY; MICROBUBBLE; RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC; SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION; SOLID; ULTRASOUND TRANSDUCER;

AIR; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; EMBOLISM, AIR; GELS; HUMANS; INTRACRANIAL EMBOLISM; MICROSPHERES; PHANTOMS, IMAGING; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; ROC CURVE; SENSITIVITY AND SPECIFICITY; STATISTICS, NONPARAMETRIC; TRANSDUCERS; ULTRASONOGRAPHY, DOPPLER, TRANSCRANIAL;

EID: 34347402105     PISSN: 10512284     EISSN: 15526569     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1552-6569.2007.00107.x     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Ringelstein EB, Droste DW, Babikian VL, et al. Consensus on microembolus detection by TCD. International Consensus Group on microembolus detection. Stroke 1998 29 : 725 729.
2. Rodriguez RA, Rubens F, Rodriguez CD, Nathan HJ. Sources of variability in the detection of cerebral emboli with transcranial Doppler during cardiac surgery. J Neuroimaging 2006 16 : 126 132.
3. Markus HS, Punter M. Can transcranial Doppler discriminate between solid and gaseous microemboli? Assessment of a dual-frequency transducer system. Stroke 2005 36 : 1731 1734.
4. Gaunt ME, Martin PJ, Smith JL, et al. Clinical relevance of intraoperative embolization detected by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography during carotid endarterectomy: A prospective study of 100 patients. Br J Surg 1994 81 : 1435 1439.
5. Neville MJ, Butterworth J, James RL, Hammon JW, Stump DA. Similar neurobehavioral outcome after valve or coronary artery operations despite differing carotid embolic counts. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2001 121 : 125 136.
6. Russell D, Madden KP, Clark WM, Sandset PM, Zivin JA. Detection of arterial emboli using Doppler ultrasound in rabbits. Stroke 1991 22 : 253 258.
7. Moehring MA, Ritcey JA. Sizing emboli in blood using pulse Doppler ultrasound-I: Verification of the EBR model. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1996 43 : 572 580.
8. Markus HS, Brown MM. Differentiation between different pathological cerebral embolic materials using transcranial Doppler in an in vitro model. Stroke 1993 24 : 1 5.
9. Smith JL, Evans DH, Bell PR, Naylor AR. A comparison of four methods for distinguishing Doppler signals from gaseous and particulate emboli. Stroke 1998 29 : 1133 1138.
10. Molloy J, Markus HS. Multigated Doppler ultrasound in the detection of emboli in a flow model and embolic signals in patients. Stroke 1996 27 : 1548 1552.
11. Georgiadis D, Mackay TG, Kelman AW, Grosset DG, Wheatley DJ, Lees KR. Differentiation between gaseous and formed embolic materials in vivo. Application in prosthetic heart valve patients. Stroke 1994 25 : 1559 1563.
12. Smith JL, Evans DH, Fan L, Bell PR, Naylor AR. Differentiation between emboli and artifacts using dual-gated transcranial Doppler ultrasound. Ultrasound Med Biol 1996 22 : 1031 1036.
13. Moehring MA. Fundamental concepts regarding sizing and discrimination of air bubbles and red cell aggregates using pulsed-Doppler ultrasound. Echocardiography 1996 13 : 567 571.
14. Rodriguez RA, Giachino A, Hosking M, Nathan HJ. Transcranial Doppler characteristics of different embolic materials during in-vivo testing. J Neuroimaging 2002 12 : 259 266.
15. Lubbers J, Van Den Berg JW. An ultrasonic detector for microgas emboli in a blood flow line. Ultrasound Med Biol 1977 2 : 301 310.
16. Shung KK, Sigelmann RA, Reid JM. Scattering of ultrasound by blood. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1976 23 : 460 467.
17. Cullinane M, Markus HS. Evaluation of a 1 MHz transducer for transcranial Doppler ultrasound including embolic signal detection. Ultrasound Med Biol 2001 6 : 795 800.
18. Moehring MA, Klepper JR. Pulse Doppler ultrasound detection, characterization and size estimation of emboli in flowing blood. IEE Trans Biomed Eng 1994 41 : 35 44.
19. Boote EJ, Zagzebski JA. Performance tests of Doppler ultrasound equipment with a tissue and blood-mimicking phantom. J Ultrasound Med 1988 7 : 137 147.
20. Palanchon P, Bouakaz A, van Blankenstein JH, Klein J, Bom N, De Jong N. New technique for emboli detection and discrimination based on nonlinear characteristics of gas bubbles. Ultrasound Med Biol 2001 27 : 801 808.
21. Smith JL, Evans DH, Bell PR, Naylor AR. Time domain analysis of embolic signals can be used in place of high-resolution Wigner analysis when classifying gaseous and particulate emboli. Ultrasound Med Biol 1998 24 : 989 993.
22. DeLong ER, DeLong DM, Clarke-Pearson DL. Comparing the areas under two or more correlated receiver operating characteristic curves: a non-parametric approach. Biometrics 1988 44 : 837 845.
23. McClish DK. Comparing the areas under more than two independent ROC curves. Med Decis Making 1987 7 : 149 155.
24. Obuchowski N, McClish D. Sample size determination for diagnostic accuracy studies involving binormal ROC curve indices. Stat Med 1997 16 : 1529 1542.
25. Hanley JA, McNeil BJ. A method of comparing the areas under receiver operating characteristics curves from the same cases. Radiology 1983 148 : 839 843.