The role of viral-specific immune responses on the outcome of chronic hepatitis B (HBV) infection in children: New insights into immunopathology

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition

Volumn 45, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 15-18

  Carey, Ivana ^a   Vergani, Diego ^a  

^a KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA INTERFERON; ANTIVIRUS AGENT; IMMUNOMODULATING AGENT; NUCLEOSIDE ANALOG; VIRUS DNA;

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELL; APOPTOSIS; CELL PROLIFERATION; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; CYTOTOXIC T LYMPHOCYTE; EDITORIAL; ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; HEPATITIS B; HEPATITIS B VIRUS; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNE SYSTEM; IMMUNOPATHOLOGY; PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; VIRUS INACTIVATION; VIRUS MUTATION; VIRUS REPLICATION; VIRUS TRANSMISSION;

ANTIVIRAL AGENTS; CELL PROLIFERATION; CHILD; HEPATITIS B CORE ANTIGENS; HEPATITIS B VIRUS; HEPATITIS B, CHRONIC; HUMANS; INTERFERON-ALPHA; T-LYMPHOCYTES; VIRAL LOAD;

EID: 34347335678     PISSN: 02772116     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e31804a85e1     Document Type: Editorial

References (23)

1. Lok A, McMahon BJ. Chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 2002;34:1225-41.
2. Ganem D, Prince AM. Hepatitis B virus infection - natural history and clinical consequences. N Engl J Med 2004;350:1118-29.
3. Rehermann B. Immune responses in hepatitis B virus infection. Semin Liver Dis 2003;23:21-37.
4. Webster GJ, Reignat S, Maini M, et al. Incubation phase of acute hepatitis B in man: dynamic of cellular immune mechanisms. Hepatology 2000;32:1117-24.
5. Chisari FV. Viruses, immunity, and cancer: lessons from hepatitis B. Am J Pathol 2000;156:1118-32.
6. Giudotti LG, Guilhot S, Chisari FV. Interleukin-2 and interferon alpha/beta downregulate hepatitis B virus gene expression in vivo by tumor necrosis factor dependent and independent pathways. J Virol 1994;68:1265-70.
7. Suri D, Schilling R, Lopes AR, et al. Non-cytolitic inhibition of hepatitis B virus replication in human hepatocytes. J Hepatol 2001;35 (6):790-7.
8. Milich D, Chen MK, Hughes JL, et al. The secreted hepatitis B pre-core antigen can modulate the immune response to nucleocapside: a mechanism for persistence. J Immunol 1998;160:2013-21.
9. Webster GJ, Reignat S, Brown D, et al. Longitudinal analysis of CD8+ T cells specific for structural and nonstructural hepatitis B virus proteins in patients with chronic hepatitis: implications for immunotherapy. J Virol 2004;78:5707-19.
10. Ferrari C, Missale G, Boni C, et al. Immunopathogenesis of hepatitis B. J Hepatol 2003;39:S36-42.
11. Milich DR, Jones JE, Hughes JL, et al. Is a function of the secreted hepatitis B e antigen to induce immunologic tolerance in utero? Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990;87:6599-603.
12. Tong SP, Brotman B, Li JS, et al. In vitro and in vivo replication capacity of the precore region defective hepatitis B virus variants. J Hepatol 1991;S4:S68-73.
13. Fattovich G. Natural history of hepatitis B. J Hepatol 2003;39:S50-8.
14. Chang MH. Natural history of hepatitis B virus infection in children. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000;15 (Suppl):E16-9.
15. Fischler B, Nyström J, Björnsdottir T, et al. Virus-specific T cell immune response in children and adolescents with chronic hepatitis B virus infection. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2007;45:75-83.
16. Marinos G, Naoumov NV, Williams R. Impact of complete inhibition of viral replication on the cellular immune response in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatology 1996;24:991-5.
17. Boni C, Bertoletti A, Penna A, et al. Lamivudine treatment can restore T cell responsiveness in chronic hepatitis B. J Clin Invest 1998;102:968-75.
18. Rico MA, Quiroga JA, Subira D, et al. Hepatitis B virus-specific T-cell proliferation and cytokine secretion in chronic hepatitis B e antibody-positive patients treated with ribavirin and interferon alpha. Hepatology 2001;33:295-300.
19. Boni C, Penna A, Ogg GS, et al. Lamivudine treatment can overcome cytotoxic T-cell hyporesponsiveness in chronic hepatitis B: new perspectives for immune therapy. Hepatology 2001;33:963-71.
20. Boni C, Penna A, Bertoletti A, et al. Transient restoration of antiviral T cell responses induced by lamivudine therapy in chronic hepatitis B. J Hepatol 2003;39:595-605.
21. Pontesilli O, van Nunen AB, van Riel D, et al. Hepatitis B virus-specific T cell response in chronic hepatitis B patients treated with lamivudine and interferon-α. Liver Int 2004;24:308-15.
22. Rigopoulou EI, Suri D, Chokshi S, et al. Lamivudine plus interleukin-12 combination therapy in chronic hepatitis B: antiviral and immunological activity. Hepatology 2005;42:1028-36.
23. Hui CK, Lau GKK. Advances in immunomodulating therapy of HBV infection. Int J Med Sci 2005;2:24-9.