A comparison of lower-body flexibility, strength, and knee stability between karate athletes and active controls

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

Volumn 21, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 451-455

  Probst, Manuel M ^a   Fletcher, Richard ^a   Seelig, Dayna S ^a  

^a MOREHEAD STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

ACL; Hamstrings; Isokinetic; Martial arts; Muscle imbalance; Quadriceps

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION; ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTICLE; CASE CONTROL STUDY; COMPARATIVE STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; KNEE; LEG; MALE; MUSCLE STRENGTH; PHYSIOLOGY; PLIABILITY; SKELETAL MUSCLE; SPORT;

ADAPTATION, PHYSIOLOGICAL; ADULT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; KNEE JOINT; LEG; MALE; MARTIAL ARTS; MUSCLE STRENGTH; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; PLIABILITY;

EID: 34250844416     PISSN: 10648011     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1519/R-19125.1     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. AAGARD, P., E.B. SIMONSEN, S.P. MAONUSEN, P.T.B. LARSSON, AND P. DYHRE-POULSEN. A new concept for isokinetic hamstrings-quadriceps muscle strength ratio. Am. J. Sports Med. 26:231-237. 1998.
2. AHMAD, C.S., A.M. CLARK, N. HEILMANN, J.S. SCHOEB, T.R. GARDNER, AND W.N. LEVINE. Effect of gender and maturity on quadriceps-to-hamstrings strength ratio and anterior cruciate ligament laxity. Am. J. Sports Med. 8:370-374. 2005.
3. ARENDT, E., AND R. DICK. Knee injury patterns among men and women in collegiate basketball and soccer: NCAA data and review of literature. Am. J. Sports Med. 23:694-701.1996.
4. CHANDLER, T.J., AND W.B. KIBLER. Shoulder strength, power and endurance in college tennis players. Am. J. Sports Med. 20:455. 1992.
5. CHANDLER, T.J., W.B. KIBLER, T.L. UHL, B. WOOTEN, A. KISER, AND E. STONE. Flexibility comparisons of junior elite tennis players to other athletes. Am. J. Sports Med. 18:134-136. 1990.
6. COOLS, A.M., E.E. WITVROUW, N.N. MAHIEU, AND L.A. DANNEELS. Isokinetic scapular muscle performance in overhead athletes with and without impingement symptoms. J. Athl. Train. 40:104-110. 2005.
7. DEVAN, M.R., L.S. PESCATELLO, P. FAOHRI, AND J. ANDERSON. A prospective study of overuse knee injuries among female athletes with muscle imbalances and structural abnormalities. J. Athl. Train. 39:263-267. 2004.
8. DOURIS, P., A. CHINAN, M. GOMEZ, A. AW, D. STEFFENS, AND S. WEISS. Fitness levels of middle aged martial art practitioners. Br. J. Sports Med. 38:143-147. 2004.
9. GRACE, T.G. Muscle imbalances and extremity injury. A perplexing relationship. Sports Med. 2:77-82. 1986.
10. HAHN, T., H.T. FOLDSPANO, E. VESTERGAARD, AND T. INGEMANN-HANSEN. Active knee joint flexibility and sports activity. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sport 9:74-80. 1999.
11. HINTON, R.Y. Isokinetic evaluation of shoulder strength in high school baseball pitchers. Am. J. Sports Med. 16:274-279. 1988.
12. HOLE, C.C., G.H. SMIT, J. HAMMOND, A. KUMAR, J. SAXTON, AND T. COCHRAN. Dynamic control and conventional strength ratios of the quadriceps and hamstrings in subjects with anterior cruciate ligament deficiency. Ergonomics 43:1603-1609. 2000.
13. HUSTON, L.J., AND E.M. WOJTYS. Neuromuscular performance characteristics in elite women athletes. Am. J. Sports Med. 24:427-436. 1996.
14. KIBLER, W.B., C. MCQUEEN, AND T. UHL. Fitness evaluations and fitness findings in competitive junior tennis players. Clin. Sports Med. 7:403-416. 1988.
15. NOFAL, G.J. Isokinetic eccentric-to-concentric strength ratios of the shoulder rotator muscles in throwers and non-throwers. Am. J. Sports Med. 31:537-541. 2003.
16. PRENTICE, W.E. Rehabilitation Techniques in Sports Medicine (3rd ed.). St. Louis: McGraw-Hill, 2001.
17. ROSENE, J., T.D. FOGARTY, AND B.L. MAHAFFEY. Isokinetic hamstrings: Quadriceps ratios in intercollegiate athletes. J. Athl. Train. 36:378-383. 2001.
18. SAFRAN, M.R., A.V. SEABER, AND W.E. GARRETT. Warm-up and muscular injury prevention. Sports Med. 8:239-249. 1989.
19. SEKIYA, J.K., AND J.E. KUHN. Instability of the proximal tibularfibular joint. J. Am. Acad. Orthop. Surg. 11:120-128. 2003.
20. SHIRLEY, M. The taekwondo side kick: A kinesiological analysis with strength and conditioning principles. NSCA J. 14:7-8, 72-77.1992.
21. SORENSEN, H., M. ZACHO, E.B. SIMONSEN, P. DYHRE-POULSEN, AND D. KLAUSEN. Dynamics of the martial arts high front kick. J. Sports Sci. 14: 483-496. 1996.
22. TANG, W.-P. A comparative kinematic analysis of an expert-novice differences in a wing chun front kick. Available at: http://www. martialartsinstitute.com/combat-sciences.2.kick-biomechanics.htm. Accessed: April 2006.
23. THOMEE, R., J. AUGUSTSSON, AND J. KABLSSON. Patellofemoral pain syndrome: A review of current issues, Sports Med. 28:245-262.1999.
24. WELDON, E.J. III, AND A.B. RICHARDSON. Upper extremity overuse injuries in swimming. A discussion of swimmer's shoulder. Clin. Sports Med. 20:423-438. 2001.
25. YANAGAWA, T., K. SHELBURNE, F. SERPAS, AND M. P ANDY. Effect of hamstrings muscle action on stability of the ACL-deficient knee in isokinetic extension exercise. Clin. Biomech. 17:707-712. 2002.
26. YOUDAS, J.W., D.A. KRAUSE, J.H. HOLMAN, W.S. HARSENS, AND E. LASKOWSKI. The influence of gender and age on hamstrings muscle length in healthy adults. J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. 35:246-252. 2005.