Ozonesonde observations in the Arctic during 1989-2003: Ozone variability and trends in the lower stratosphere and free troposphere

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 112, Issue 8, 2007, Pages

  Kivi, Rigel ^a   Kyro E ^a   Turunen, T ^a   Harris, N R P ^b   von der Gathen, P ^c   Rex, M ^c   Andersen, S B ^d   Wohltmann, I ^c  

^a FINNISH METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Finland)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^c ALFRED WEGENER INSTITUTE FOR POLAR AND MARINE RESEARCH   (Germany)

^d DANISH METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Denmark)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AEROSOLS; ATMOSPHERIC MOVEMENTS; CLOUDS; HEAT FLUX; OZONE LAYER; STATISTICS; TROPOSPHERE; UPPER ATMOSPHERE;

ANNUAL VARIATION; ARCTIC ENVIRONMENT; ARCTIC OSCILLATION; OZONE; OZONE DEPLETION; OZONESONDE; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS; STRATOSPHERE; TROPOPAUSE; TROPOSPHERE;

PINATUBO;

EID: 34250739349     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2006JD007271     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Andersen, S. B., and B. M. Knudsen (2002), The influence of vortex ozone depletion on Arctic ozone trends, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(21), 2013, doi:10.1029/2001GL014595.
2. Appenzeller, C., A. Weiss, and J. Staehelin (2000), North Atlantic Oscillation modulates total ozone winter trends, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 1131-1134.
3. Bodeker, G. E., I. S. Boyd, and W. A. Matthews (1998), Trends and variability in vertical ozone and temperature profiles measured by ozonesondes at Lauder, New Zealand: 1986-1996, J. Geophys. Res., 103(D22), 28,661-28,681.
4. Boyd, I., G. Bodeker, B. Connor, D. Swart, and E. Brinksma (1998), An assessment of ECC ozonesondes operated using 1% and 0.5% KI cathode solutions at Lauder, New Zealand, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25(13), 2409-2412.
5. Brönnimann, S., J. Luterbacher, C. Schmutz, H. Wanner, and J. Staehelin (2000), Variability of total ozone at Arosa, Switzerland, since 1931 related to atmospheric circulation indices, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 2213-2216.
6. Brunner, D., J. Staehelin, J. A. Maeder, I. Wohltmann, and G. E. Bodeker (2006), Variability and trends in total and vertically resolved stratospheric ozone based on the CATO ozone data set, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 6, 4985-5008.
7. Dibb, J. E., R. W. Talbot, E. Scheuer, G. Seid, L. DeBell, B. Lefer, and B. Ridley (2003), Stratospheric influence on the northern North American free troposphere during TOPSE: 7Be as a stratospheric tracer, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D4), 8363, doi:10.1029/2001JD001347.
8. Dobson, G. M. B., and D. N. Harrison (1926), Measurements of the amount of ozone in the Earth's atmosphere and its reaction to other geophysical conditions, Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. A, 110, 660-693.
9. EN-SCI Corporation (1996), Instruction Manual, Model 1Z ECC-O3-Sondes, Boulder, Colo.
10. Farman, J. C., B. G. Gardiner, and J. D. Shanklin (1985), Large losses of total ozone in the Antarctica reveal seasonal ClOx,NOx interaction, Nature, 315, 201-210.
11. Fioletov, V. E., J. B. Kerr, D. I. Wardle, J. Davies, E. W. Hare, C. T. McElroy, and D. W. Tarasick (1997), Long-term ozone decline over the Canadian Arctic to early 1997 from ground-based and balloon observations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24(22), 2705-2708.
12. Fioletov, V. E., G. E. Bodeker, A. J. Miller, R. D. McPeters, and R. Stolarski (2002), Global and zonal total ozone variations estimated from groundbased and satellite measurements: 1964-2000, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D22), 4647, doi:10.1029/2001JD001350.
13. Fortuin, J., and H. Kelder (1998), An ozone climatology based on ozonesonde and satellite measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 31,709-31,734.
14. Fusco, A. C., and J. A. Logan (2003), Analysis of 1970-1995 trends in tropospheric ozone at Northern Hemisphere midlatitudes with the GEOSCHEM model, J Geophys. Res., 108(D15), 4449, doi:10.1029/2002JD002742.
15. Fusco, A. C., and M. L. Salby (1999), Interannual variations of total ozone and their relationship to variations of planetary wave activity, J. Clim., 12, 1619-1629.
16. Hadjinicolaou, P., A. Jrrar, J. A. Pyle, and L. Bishop (2002), The dynamically driven long-term trend in stratospheric ozone over northern middle latitudes, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc, 128, 1393-1412.
17. Hadjinicolaou, P., J. Pyle, and N. Harris (2005), The recent turnaround in stratospheric ozone over northern middle latitudes: a dynamical modelling perspective, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L12821, doi:10.1029/2005GL022476.
18. Hoinka, K. P., H. Claude, and U. Köhler (1996), On the correlation between tropopause pressure and ozone above central Europe, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 1753-1756.
19. Houghton, J., Y. Ding, D. Griggs, M. Noguer, P. van der Linden, X. Dai, K. Maskell, and C. Johnson (Eds.) (2001), Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis, 881 pp., Cambridge Univ. Press, New York.
20. Johnson, B. J., S. J. Oltmans, H. Vömel, H. G. J. Smit, T. Deshler, and C. Kröger (2002), Electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozonesonde pump efficiency measurements and tests on the sensitivity to ozone of buffered and unbuffered ECC sensor cathode solutions, J. Geophys. Res., 107(D19), 4393, doi:10.1029/2001JD000557.
21. Karpetchko, A., E. Kyrö, and B. M. Knudsen (2005), Arctic and Antarctic polar vortices 1957-2002 as seen from the ERA-40 reanalyses, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D21109, doi:10.1029/2005JD006113.
22. Komhyr, W. D. (1969), Electrochemical concentration cells for gas analysis, Ann. Geophys., 25, 203-210.
23. Komhyr, W. D. (1986), Operations handbook - Ozone measurements to 40-km altitude with model 4A electrochemical concentration cell (ECC) ozonesondes (used with 1680-MHz radiosondes), NOAA Tech. Memo., NOAA-TM-ERL-ARL-149.
24. Kyrö, E., et al. (1992), Analysis of the ozone soundings made during first quarter of 1989 in the Arctic, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 8083-8091.
25. Lamarque, J.-F., and P. G. Hess (2004), Arctic oscillation modulation of the Northern Hemisphere spring tropospheric ozone, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L06127, doi:10.1029/2003GL019116.
26. Logan, J. A. (1985), Tropospheric ozone: Seasonal behavior, trends and anthropogenic influence, J. Geophys. Res., 90(10), 463-482.
27. Logan, J. A. (1994), Trends in the vertical distribution of ozone, an analysis of ozonesonde data, J. Geophys. Res., 99(25), 25,553-25,585.
28. Logan, J. A., et al. (1999), Trends in the vertical distribution of ozone: A comparison of two analyses of ozonesonde data, J. Geophys. Res., 104(D21), 26,373-26,400.
29. Ma, J., D. W. Waugh, A. R. Douglass, S. R. Kawa, P. A. Newman, S. Pawson, R. Stolarski, and S. J. Lin (2004), Interannual variability of stratospheric trace gases: The role of extratropical wave driving, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 130, 2459-2474.
30. Marenco, A., H. Gouget, P. Nedelec, and J.-P. Pages (1994), Evidence of a long term increase in tropospheric ozone from Pic du Midi data series: Consequences: positive radiative forcing, J. Geophys. Res., 99(16), 617-632.
31. McPeters, R. D., G. J. Labow, and J. A. Logan (2007), Ozone climatological profiles for satellite retrieval algorithms, J. Geophys. Res., 112, D05308, doi:10.1029/2005JD006823.
32. Milton, J. S., and J. Arnold (1995), Introduction to Probability and Statistics, 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, New York.
33. Neter, J., M. H. Kutner, C. J. Nachtsheim, and W. Wasserman (1996), Applied Linear Statistical Models, 4th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York.
34. Newman, P. A., E. R. Nash, S. R. Kawa, S. A. Montzka, and S. M. Schauffler (2006), When will the Antarctic ozone hole recover?, Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L12814, doi:10.1029/2005GL025232.
35. Oltmans, S. (1981), Surface ozone measurements in clean air, J. Geophys. Res., 86, 1174-1180.
36. Oltmans, S. J., et al. (1998), Trends of ozone in the troposphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25(2), 139-142.
37. Randel, W. J., and F. Wu (1999), Cooling of the Arctic and Antarctic polar stratospheres due to ozone depletion, J. Clim., 12, 1467-1479.
38. Randel, W. J., F. Wu, and R. Stolarski (2002), Changes in column ozone correlated with the stratospheric EP flux, J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn., 80(4B), 849-862.
39. Rao, T. N., S. Kirkwood, J. Arvelius, P. von der Gathen, and R. Kivi (2003), Climatology of UTLS ozone and the ratio of ozone and potential vorticity over northern Europe, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D22), 4703, doi:10.1029/2003JD003860.
40. Reid, S., A. Tuck, and G. Kiladis (2000), On the changing abundance of ozone minima at northern midlatitudes, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 12,169-12,180.
41. Rex, M., R. J. Salawitch, P. von der Gathen, N. R. P. Harris, M. P. Chipperfield, and B. Naujokat (2004), Arctic ozone loss and climate change, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L04116, doi:10.1029/2003GL018844.
42. Science Pump Corporation (1996), Operators Manual Model 6A ECC Ozonesonde, Camden, N. J.
43. Simmonds, P., R. Derwent, A. Manning, and G. Spain (2004), Significant growth in surface ozone at Mace Head, Ireland, 1987-2003, Atmos. Environ., 38, 4769-4778.
44. Smit, H. and W. Sträter (2004), JOSIE-2000, Jülich Ozone Sonde Intercomparison Experiment 2000, the 2000 WMO international intercomparison of operating procedures for ECC-ozone sondes at the environmental simulation facility at Jülich, Tech. Rep. 1225, World Meteorol. Organ., Geneva.
45. Smit, H. G. J., M. Helten, W. Sträter, and D. Kley (2000), JOSIE 1996-1999: Evaluation of the performance of ECC-sondes under quasi-flight conditions in the environmental simulation chamber, paper presented at Quadrennial Ozone Symposium, Int. Ozone Comm., Sapporo, Japan.
46. Solomon, S. (1999), Stratospheric ozone depletion: A review of concepts and history, Rev. Geophys., 37, 275-316.
47. Solomon, S., R. W. Portman, R. R. Garcia, L. W. Thomason, L. R. Poole, and M. P. McCormack (1996), The role of aerosol variations in anthropogenic, ozone depletion at northern midlatitudes, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 6713-6727.
48. Staehelin, J., N. Harris, C. Appenzeller, and J. Eberhard (2001), Ozone trends: A review, Rev. Geophys., 39, 231-290.
49. Steinbrecht, W., H. Claude, U. Köhler, and K. Hoinka (1998), Correlations between tropopause height and total ozone: Implications for long-term changes, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 19,183-19,192.
50. Suortti, T., et al. (2001), Evolution of the Arctic stratospheric aerosol mixing ratio measured with balloon-borne aerosol backscatter sondes for years 1988-2000, J. Geophys. Res, 106, 20,759-20,766.
51. Taalas, P., and E. Kyrö (1992), Two years of regular ozone soundings in the European Arctic, Sodankylä, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 8093-8098.
52. Tarasick, D. W., J. B. Kerr, D. I. Wardle, J. Bellefleur, and J. Davies (1995), Tropospheric ozone trends over Canada: 1980-1993, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 409-412.
53. Tarasick, D. W., V. E. Fioletov, D. I. Wardle, J. B. Kerr, and J. Davies (2005), Changes in the vertical distribution of ozone over Canada from ozonesondes: 1980-2001, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D02304, doi:10.1029/2004JD004643.
54. Thompson, D. W. J., and J. M. Wallace (1998), The Arctic Oscillation signature in the wintertime geopotential height and temperature fields, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 1297-1300.
55. Thompson, D. W. J., J. M. Wallace, and G. C. Hegerl (2000), Annular modes in the extratropical circulation. Part II: Trends, J. Clim., 13, 1018-1038.
56. Uppala, S. M., et al. (2004), The ERA-40 ECMWF re-analysis, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 131, 2961-3012, doi:10.1256/qj.04.176.
57. Vaughan, G., and J. D. Price (1991), On the relation between total ozone and meteorology, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 117, 1281-1298.
58. Vingarzan, R. (2004), A review of surface ozone background levels and trends, Atmos. Environ., 38, 3431-3442.
59. von der Gathen, P., et al. (1995), Observational evidence for chemical ozone depletion over the Arctic in winter 1991-92, Nature, 3752, 131-134.
60. Wang, Y., D. Jacob, and J. Logan (1998), Global simulation of tropospheric O3-NOx-hydrocarbon chemistry: 3. Origin of tropospheric ozone and effects of nonmethane hydrocarbons, J. Geophys. Res., 103(D9), 757-768.
61. Weber, M., S. Dhomse, F. Wittrock, A. Richter, B.-M. Sinnhuber, and J. P. Burrows (2003), Dynamical control of NH and SH winter/spring total ozone from GOME observations in 1995-2002, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30(11), 1583, doi:10.1029/2002GL016799.
62. Weber, M., L. N. Lamsal, M. Coldewey-Egbers, K. Bramstedt, and J. P. Burrows (2005), Pole-to-pole validation of GOME WFDOAS total ozone with ground-based data, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 5, 1341-1355.
63. Weiss, A., J. Staehelin, C. Appenzeller, and N. R. P. Harris (2001), Chemical and dynamical contributions to ozone profile trends of the Payerne (Switzerland) balloon soundings, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 22,685-22,694.
64. Wohltmann, I., M. Rex, D. Brunner, and J. Mäder (2005), Integrated equivalent latitude as a proxy for dynamical changes in ozone column, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L09811, doi:10.1029/2005GL022497.
65. Wohltmann, I., R. Lehmann, M. Rex, D. Brunner, and J. Mäder (2007), A process-oriented regression model for column ozone, J. Geophys. Res., doi:10.1029/2006JD007573, in press.
66. World Meteorological Organization (1957), Definition of the Thermal Tropopause, Bull., vol. 6, Geneva, Switzerland.
67. World Meteorological Organization (2003), Scientific assessment of ozone depletion: 2002, Rep. 47, Global Ozone Res. and Monit. Proj., Geneva, Switzerland.