Airborne silica levels in an urban area

Science of the Total Environment

Volumn 382, Issue 2-3, 2007, Pages 251-258

  De Berardis, B ^a   Incocciati, E ^b   Massera, S ^b   Gargaro, G ^b   Paoletti, L ^a  

^a ISTITUTO SUPERIORE DI SANITÀ   (Italy)

^b DEPARTMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE   (Italy)

Author keywords

PM10; SEM EDX; Silica; XRD

Indexed keywords

CONCENTRATION (PROCESS); CRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; METEOROLOGY; POPULATION DYNAMICS; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; X RAY DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS;

AIRBORNE SILICA LEVELS; GRANULOMETRIC SPECTRUM; INHALABLE PARTICULATE FRACTIONS;

SILICA;

SILICON DIOXIDE;

AIRBORNE SURVEY; CLIMATE CONDITIONS; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); PARTICULATE MATTER; SILICA; URBAN AREA; WIND FORCING;

AIR ANALYSIS; AIR POLLUTION; AIRBORNE PARTICLE; ARTICLE; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; DESERT; ITALY; PARTICULATE MATTER; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; URBAN AREA; WIND; X RAY DIFFRACTION; X RAY MICROANALYSIS;

AIR POLLUTANTS; CITIES; ELECTRON PROBE MICROANALYSIS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; HUMANS; ITALY; MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON, SCANNING; PARTICLE SIZE; PARTICULATE MATTER; SILICON DIOXIDE; URBAN HEALTH;

AFRICA; EURASIA; EUROPE; ITALY; LAZIO; MEDITERRANEAN REGION; MEDITERRANEAN SEA; ROMA [LAZIO]; ROME; SAHARA; SOUTHERN EUROPE;

EID: 34250641929     PISSN: 00489697     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.04.044     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Alastuey A., Querol X., Castillo S., Escudero M., Avila A., Cuevas E., et al. Characterisation of TSP and PM2.5 at Izaña and Sta. Cruz de Tenerife (Canary Islands, Spain) during a Saharan Dust Episode (July 2002). Atmos Environ 39 (2005) 4715-4728
2. American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists. Annual reports for the year 2006. Committees on TLVs and BEIs (2006), ACGIH, Cincinnati
3. Balduzzi M., Diociaiuti M., De Berardis B., Paradisi S., and Paoletti L. In vitro effects on macrophages induced by noncytotoxic doses of silica particles possibly relevant to ambient exposure. Environ Res 96 (2004) 62-71
4. Barkan J., Alpert P., Kutiel H., and Kishcha P. Synoptics of dust transportation days from Africa toward Italy and central Europe. J Geophys Res 110 (2005) D07208 10.1029/2004JD005222
5. Brauer M., Avila-Casado C., Fotoul T.I., Vedal S., Stevens B., and Churg A. Air pollution and retained particles in the lung. Environ Health Perspect 109 (2001) 1039-1043
6. Castranova V., Pailes W.H., Ma J.Y., Miles P.R., Bowman L., Vallyathan V., et al. Enhanced pulmonary response to inhalation of freshly fractured silica compared with aged dust exposure. Appl Occup Environ Hyg 11 (1996) 937-941
7. 2.5 a Roma: confronti indoor/outdoor. Ann Istit Superiore di Sanità 39 3 (2003) 357-364
8. Chiapello I., Bergametti G., Gomes L., and y Chatenet B. An additional low layer transport of Sahelian and Saharan dust over the North-Eastern tropical Atlantic. Geophys Res Letters 22 23 (1995) 3191-3194
9. Chow J.C., Watson J.G., Richards L.W., Haase D.L., McDade C., Dietrich D.L., et al. The 1989-90 Phoenix PM10 study, v. II: source apportionment [final report]. Phoenix, AZ: Arizona Department of Environmental Quality; report no. 8931.6F1 (1991)
10. Chow J.C., Watson J.G., Lowenthal D.H., Solomon P.A., Magliano K.L., Ziman S.D., et al. PM10 source apportionment in California's San Joaquin Valley. Atmos Environ Part A 26 (1992) 3335-3354
11. Churg A., and Brauer M. Ambient atmospheric particles in the airways of human lungs. Ultrastruct Pathol 24 (2000) 353-361
12. Clouter A., Brown D., Hohr D., Borm P., and Donaldson K. Inflammation effects of respirable quartz collected in workplaces versus standard DQ12 quartz: particle surface correlates. Toxicol Sci 63 (2001) 90-98
13. Davis B.L., Johnson L.R., Stevens R.K., Courtney W.J., and Safriet D.W. The quartz content and elemental composition of aerosols from selected sites of the EPA inhalable particulate network. Atmos Environ 18 (1984) 771-782
14. De Berardis B., Balduzzi M., Diociaiuti M., and Paoletti L. Differences in the biological activity of two PM3.3 components: carbonaceous and silica particles. Ann Istit Superiore di Sanità 39 3 (2003)
15. Dipartimento della Protezione Civile. Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri. Vigilanza meteo nazionale. www.protezionecivile.itotezione Civile. Presidenza del Consiglio dei Ministri. Vigilanza meteo nazionale. www.protezionecivile.it
16. di Sarra A., Di Iorio T., Cacciani M., Fiocco G., and Fuà D. Saharan dust profiles measured by lidar at Lampedusa. J Geophys Res 106 (2001) 10335-10348
17. Falchi M., Biondo L., Conti C., Cipri A., De Marinis F., Gigli B., and Paoletti L. Inorganic particles in Bal fluids from non-occupationally exposed subjects. Arch Environ Health 51 (1996) 157-161
18. Goudie A.S., and Middleton N.J. Saharan dust storms: nature and consequences. Earth-Sci Rev 56 (2001) 179-204
19. Guerzoni S., and Chester R. The impact of the desert dust across the Mediterranean (1996), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell, MA [389 pp]
20. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). IARC monograph on the evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans: silica, some silicates coal dust and para-aramid fibrils vol. 68 (1997), IARC Press, Geneva
21. Jorkevic D., Vukmirovic Z., Tosic I., and Unkasevic M. Contribution of dust transport and resuspension to particulate matter levels in the Mediterranean atmosphere. Atmos Environ 38 (2004) 3637-3645
22. Kubilay N., Nickovic S., Moulin C., and Dulac F. An illustration of the transport and deposition of mineral dust onto the eastern Mediterranean. Atmos Environ 34 (2000) 1293-1303
23. NIOSH-National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Method 7500: silica, crystalline by XRD. In: Cassinelli M.E., and O'Connor P.F. (Eds). NIOSH manual of analytical methods. 4th Edn. (1994), DHMS (NIOSH), [U.S.A.] Publication No 94-113
24. NIOSH-National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NIOSH hazard review: health effects of occupational exposure to respirable crystalline silica (2002), NIOSH Pubblication, Cincinnati, OHIO 2002-2129 [no]
25. OEHHA- California Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Adoption of chronic reference exposure levels for silica (crystalline, respirable). [02/10/05].
26. Paoletti L., Falchi M., Batisti D., Carrieri M.P., Petrelli M.G., Ciallella C., et al. Mineral lung burden of an urban population. Atmos Environ 25B (1991) 381-385
27. Paoletti L., De Berardis B., Arrizza L., Passacantando M., Inglessis M., and Mosca M. Seasonal effects on the physico-chemical characteristics of PM2.1 in Rome: a study by SEM and XPS. Atmos Environ 37 (2003) 4869-4879
28. Porter D.W., Barger M., Robinson V.A., Leonard S.S., Landsittel D., and Castranova V. Comparison of low doses of aged and freshly fracturated silica on pulmonary inflammation and damage in rate. Toxicology 175 (2002) 63-71
29. Puledda S., Paoletti L., and Ferdinandi M. Airborne quartz concentration in an urban site. Environ Pollut 104 (1999) 441-448
30. Rodríguez S., Querol X., Alastuey A., Kallos G., and Kakaliagu O. Saharan dust contributions to PM10 and TSP levels in Southern and Eastern Spain. Atmos Environ 35 (2001) 2433-2447
31. Rodríguez S., Querol X., Alastuey A., Viana M.M., and Mantilla E. Events affecting levels and seasonal evolution of airborne particulate matter concentrations in the Western Mediterranean. Environ Sci Technol 37 2 (2003) 216-222
32. Rodríguez S., Querol X., Alastuey A., Viana M.M., and Alarcon M. Comparative PM10-PM2.5 source contribution study at rural, urban and industrial sites during PM episodes in Eastern Spain. Sci Total Environ 328 (2004) 95-113
33. Smith D.K. Evaluation of the detectability and quantification of respirable crystalline silica by X-ray powder diffraction methods. Powder Diffr. 12 4 (1997) 200-227
34. USEPA. Ambient levels and noncancer health effects of inhaled crystalline and amorphous silica: EPA/600/R-95/115 (1996) [November]