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34250345791
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[14] This half-life is even longer than what is thought to be the age of the universe (≈13.7 billions years).
-
[14] This half-life is even longer than what is thought to be the age of the universe (≈13.7 billions years).
-
-
-
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16
-
-
34250331314
-
-
This expression reflects the requirement for an unfavorable preequilibrium proton transfer prior to the nucleophilic attack of OH on DNPP, as neither OH- nor DNPP is the predominant species at any pH; the equilibrium constant Keq, 10-11.2 is determined from the difference in the pKa constants of DNPP, 4.5)[17] and water 15.7
-
[17] and water (15.7).
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0001246466
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34250346211
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See, for example, ref. [22] and the following: a X. Lopez, M. Schaefer, A. Dejaegere, M. Karplus, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 5010-5018;
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See, for example, ref. [22] and the following: a) X. Lopez, M. Schaefer, A. Dejaegere, M. Karplus, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 5010-5018;
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34
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34250339012
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-1) with the values obtained from the valence-only calculations using our pseudopotentials and basis sets.
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45
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34250320628
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- attack at the P center.
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55
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34250326428
-
-
Note that there is no proton transfer either when the reaction takes place through the slightly less stable (by ≈0.8kcal mol-1 in enthalpy) transition-state structure TS1a in which the O3-H3 and P-O4 bonds are perfectly aligned O4-P-O3-H3, 3.8°
-
-1 in enthalpy) transition-state structure TS1a in which the O3-H3 and P-O4 bonds are perfectly aligned (O4-P-O3-H3 = 3.8°).
-
-
-
-
56
-
-
34250334835
-
-
-1.
-
-1.
-
-
-
-
57
-
-
34250319054
-
-
B is the Boltzmann constant, R is the gas constant, T is the absolute temperature, h is the Planck constant, and ΔG is the free energy of activation.
-
B is the Boltzmann constant, R is the gas constant, T is the absolute temperature, h is the Planck constant, and ΔG is the free energy of activation.
-
-
-
-
58
-
-
34250333962
-
-
[15]
-
[15]
-
-
-
-
59
-
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0037154845
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P. K. Orzyska, P. G. Czyryca, J. Golightly, K. Small, P. Larsen, R. H. Hoff, A. C. Hengge, J. Org. Chem. 2002, 67, 1214-1220.
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-
60
-
-
34250332351
-
-
[55] and water (15.7).
-
[55] and water (15.7).
-
-
-
-
61
-
-
0037304362
-
-
For example, see:, and references therein
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For example, see: M. Wojciechowski, T. Grycuk, J. Antosiewicz, B. Lesyng, Biophys. J. 2003, 84, 750-756. and references therein.
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34250344970
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[58]and water (15.7).
-
[58]and water (15.7).
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0003920544
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W. P. Jencks, J. Regenstein, Handbook of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, CRC, Cleveland, OH, 1976.
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34250312189
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-1.
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66
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37049057136
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C. A. Bunton, D. R. Llewellyn, K. G. Oldham, C. A. Vernon, J. Chem. Soc. 1958, 3574-3587.
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67
-
-
34250348487
-
-
- and PP, the negative charge accumulated on the phenolate oxygen atom in the transition state is greater if the phosphate hydrogen atom is oriented toward the leaving group rather than toward the attacking hydroxide (despite the fact that shorter P-O bond distances to the leaving group are involved in this case). This observation suggests that for aryl esters, the hydrogen-bond interaction between the phosphoryl proton and the phenolate oxygen atom introduces an energetic incentive to increase the amount of negative charge on this oxygen atom.
-
- and PP, the negative charge accumulated on the phenolate oxygen atom in the transition state is greater if the phosphate hydrogen atom is oriented toward the leaving group rather than toward the attacking hydroxide (despite the fact that shorter P-O bond distances to the leaving group are involved in this case). This observation suggests that for aryl esters, the hydrogen-bond interaction between the phosphoryl proton and the phenolate oxygen atom introduces an energetic incentive to increase the amount of negative charge on this oxygen atom.
-
-
-
-
68
-
-
34250322790
-
-
A similar βlg, value of -0.27 has been reported for the hydrolysis reaction of phosphate monoester monoanions[15] for which experimental evidence suggest that the leaving group is protonated in the transition state
-
[15] for which experimental evidence suggest that the leaving group is protonated in the transition state.
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34250355304
-
-
The pH-rate profile data provided in ref. [67] regarding the AP-catalyzed reaction suggest, however, that phosphate monoester substrates bind and react with AP as dianions.
-
The pH-rate profile data provided in ref. [67] regarding the AP-catalyzed reaction suggest, however, that phosphate monoester substrates bind and react with AP as dianions.
-
-
-
-
75
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37049055088
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P. W. C. Barnard, C. A. Bunton, D. R. Llewellyn, C. A. Vernon. V. A. Welch, J. Chem. Soc. 1961, 2670-2676.
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|