Effects of fuel ethanol content and volatility on regulated and unregulated exhaust emissions for the latest technology gasoline vehicles

Environmental Science and Technology

Volumn 41, Issue 11, 2007, Pages 4059-4064

  Durbin, Thomas D ^a   Miller, J Wayne ^a   Younglove, Theodore ^b   Huai, Tao ^a,c   Cocker, Kathalena ^a  

^a University of California Riverside   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BENZENE; CONCENTRATION (PROCESS); ETHANOL; EXHAUST GASES; STATISTICAL METHODS; TOXIC MATERIALS;

ETHANOL CONTENT; NON-METHANE ORGANIC GASES (NMOG);

PARTICULATE EMISSIONS;

ACETALDEHYDE; ALCOHOL; BENZENE; CARBON MONOXIDE; FUEL; METHANE;

BENZENE; CONCENTRATION (PROCESS); ETHANOL; EXHAUST GASES; PARTICULATE EMISSIONS; STATISTICAL METHODS; TOXIC MATERIALS;

CARBON MONOXIDE; DISTILLATION; ETHANOL; FUEL CELL; OXYGENATION; TRAFFIC EMISSION;

AIR POLLUTION; ARTICLE; EXHAUST GAS;

ACETALDEHYDE; AIR POLLUTANTS; BENZENE; BUTADIENES; CARBON MONOXIDE; ETHANOL; FORMALDEHYDE; GASOLINE; MOTOR VEHICLES; ORGANIC CHEMICALS; VEHICLE EMISSIONS; VOLATILIZATION;

EID: 34250162120     PISSN: 0013936X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/es061776o     Document Type: Article

References (27)

1. AAM/AIAM Industry Low-Sulfur Test Program. Presented to the California Air Resources Board by the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers (AAM) and the Association of International Automobile Manufacturers (AIAM); www.arb.ca.gov/cbg/meeting/2001/mtg2001.htm, September 2001.
2. 90 on Mass Exhaust Emissions from Current and Older Vehicles - The Auto/ Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program; SAE Technical Paper No. 912322 for the Society of Automotive Engineers: Warrendale, PA, 1991.
3. Rapp, L. A.; Hochhauser, A. M.; Painter, L. J.; Benson, J. D.; Knepper, J. C.; Reuter, R. M.; Burns, V. R.; Koehl, W. J.; Rutherford, J. A.; Gorse, R. A.; Leppard, W. R. Effects of Fuel Properties on Mass Exhaust Emissions During Various Modes of Operation; SAE Technical Paper No. 932726 for Society of Automotive Engineers: Warrendale, PA, 1993.
4. 90, and Sulfur Effects) The Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program; SAE Technical Paper No. 952510 for Society of Automotive Engineers: Warrendale, PA, 1995.
5. 90, and Sulfur) on Exhaust Hydrocarbon Emissions of Current and Future Vehicles: Modal Analysis - The Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program; SAE Technical Paper No. 952504 Society of Automotive Engineers: Warrendale, PA, 1995.
6. Knepper, J. C.; Koehl, W. J.; Benson, J. D.; Burns, V. R.; Gorse, R. A.; Hochhauser, A. M.; Leppard, W. R.; Rapp, L. A.; Reuter, R. M. Fuel Effects in Auto/Oil High Emitting Vehicles; SAE Technical Paper No. 930137 for Society of Automotive Engineers: Warrendale, PA, 1993.
7. Reuter, R. M.; Hochhauser, A. M.; Benson, J. D.; Koehl, W. J.; Burns, V. R.; Painter, L. J.; Gorse, R. A., Jr.; Rippon, B. H.; Rutherford, J. A. Effects of Oxygenated Fuels on RVP on Automotive Emissions - Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Program; SAE Technical Paper No. 920326 for Society of Automotive Engineers: Warrendale, PA, 1992.
8. Mayotte, S. C.; Lindhjem, C. E.; Rao, V.; Sklar, M. S. Reformulated Gasoline Effects on Exhaust Emissions: Phase 1. Initial Investigation of Oxygenate, Volatility, Distillation, and Sulfur Effects; SAE Technical Paper No. 941973 for Society of Automotive Engineers: Warrendale, PA, 1994.
9. Mayotte, S. C.; Rao, V.; Lindhjem, C. E.; Sklar, M. S. Reformulated Gasoline Effects on Exhaust Emissions: Phase 2. Continued Investigation of the Effects of Fuel Oxygenate Content, Oxygenate Type, Sulfur, Olefins, and Distillation Parameters; SAE Technical Paper No. 941974 for Society of Automotive Engineers: Warrendale, PA, 1994.
10. Korotney, D. J.; Rao, V.; Lindhjem, C. E.; Sklar, M. S. Reformulated Gasoline Effects on Exhaust Emissions: Phase 3. Continued Investigation of the Effects of Fuel Oxygenate Content, Oxygenate Type, Sulfur, Olefins, and Distillation Parameters; SAE Technical Paper No. 950782 for Society of Automotive Engineers: Warrendale, PA, 1995.
11. California Air Resources Board. Air Quality Impacts of the Use of Ethanol in California Reformulated Gasoline; December, 1999.
12. Crary, B. Effects of Ethanol oh Emissions of Gasoline LDVs; Toyota Motor Corporation: Tokyo, 2000.
13. 90, and Sulfur) on Exhaust Hydrocarbon Speciation Analysis - The Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program; SAE Technical Paper No. 952505 for Society of Automotive Engineers: Warrendale, PA, 1995.
14. Stump, F. D.; Knapp, K. T.; Ray, W. D. Seasonal Impact of Blending Oxygenated Organics with Gasoline on Motor Vehicle Tailpipe and Evaporative Emissions. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 1990, 40, 872-880.
15. Stump, F. D.; Knapp, K. T.; Ray, W. D.; Siudak, P. D.; Snow, R. The Seasonal Impact of Blending Oxygenated Organics with Gasoline on Motor Vehicle Tailpipe and Evaporative Emissions. Part II; SAE Technical Paper No. 902129 for Society of Automotive Engineers: Warrendale, PA, 1990.
16. Knapp, K. T.; Stump, F. D.; Tejada, S. B. The Effect of Ethanol Fuel on the Emissions of Vehicles over a Wide Range of Temperatures. J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc, 1998, 48, 646-653.
17. Warner-Selph, M. A.; Harvey, C. A. Assessment of Unregulated Emissions from Gasoline Oxygenated Blends; SAE Technical Paper No. 902131 for Society of Automotive Engineers: Warrendale, PA, 1990.
18. Aubin, K.; Graham, L. The Evaluation of Ethanol - Gasoline Blends on Vehicle Exhaust and Evaporative Emissions: Phase 1. Report for Environment Canada, Emissions Research and Measurement Division: October 2002.
19. Kirshenblatt, M.; Burelle, C.; Prakash, C. B. In Low Ambient Temperature Effects with Oxygenated Gasolines, Xth International Symposium on Alcohol Fuels, Colorado Springs, CO, November, 1993.
20. American Petroleum Institute. The Effects of Fuel RVP and Fuel Blends on Emissions at Non-FTP Temperatures, Vol. 1; Health and Environmental Sciences Department, API Publication 4533: August, 1994.
21. Colorado Department of Health. The Impact of a 10% Ethanol Blended Fuel on the Exhaust Emissions of Tier 0 and Tier 1 Light-Duty Gasoline Vehicles at 35 °F; Aurora Vehicle Emissions Testing Center: January 1999.
22. Durbin, T. D.; Miller, J. W.; Younglove, T.; Huai, T.; Cocker, K. Effects of Ethanol and Volatility on Exhaust Emissions; Coordinating Research Council, CRC Project No. E-67, CE-CERT Technical Report No. 02-VE-59971-02-DFR: February 2006.
23. Painter, L. J.; Rutherford, J. A. Statistical Design and Analysis Methods for the Auto/Oil Air Quality Research Program; SAE Technical Paper 920319 for Society of Automotive Engineers: Warrendale, PA, 1992.
24. Sims, G. S.; Johri, S. Catalyst Performance Study Using Taguchi Methods; SAE Technical Paper 881589 for Society of Automotive Engineers: Warrendale, PA, 1988.
25. Siegl, W. O.; Richert, J. F. O.; Jensen, T. E.; Schuetzle, D.; Swarin, S. J.; Loo, J. F.; Prostak, A.; Nagy, D.; Schlenker, A. M. Improved Emissions Speciation Methodology for Phase II of the Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program - Hydrocarbons and Oxygenates; SAE Technical Paper 930142 for Society of Automotive Engineers: Warrendale, PA, 1993.
26. Hochhauser, A. M.; Koehl, W. J.; Benson, J. D.; Painter, L. J.; Burns, V. R.; Reuter, R. M.; Gorse, R. A., Jr.; Rutherford, J. A. Fuel Composition Effects on Automotive Fuel Economy - Auto/Oil Air Quality Improvement Research Program; SAE Technical Paper 930138 for Society of Automotive Engineers: Warrendale, PA, 1993.
27. Durbin, T. D. The Impact of Ethanol Addition to Gasoline on Emissions of Vehicles, Report to Health Canada: Ottawa, Canada, May 2003.