Quantum key distribution over a 40-dB channel loss using superconducting single-photon detectors

Nature Photonics

Volumn 1, Issue 6, 2007, Pages 343-348

  Takesue, Hiroki ^a   Nam, Sae Woo ^b   Zhang, Qiang ^c   Hadfield, Robert H ^b,e   Honjo, Toshimori ^a   Tamaki, Kiyoshi ^a   Yamamoto, Yoshihisa ^c,d  

^a Kashino Diverse Brain Research Laboratory of NTT Communication Science Laboratories   (Japan)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^c STANFORD UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF INFORMATICS   (Japan)

^e HERIOT WATT UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLOCK FREQUENCY; DARK COUNT RATE; DIFFERENTIAL PHASE SHIFTS; KEY GENERATION; MULTIPHOTONS; NBN NANOWIRE; SUPERCONDUCTING SINGLE-PHOTON DETECTORS; UNAMBIGUOUS STATE DISCRIMINATION;

CLOCKS; EXPERIMENTS; NANOWIRES; OPTICAL FIBERS; PHOTODETECTORS; PHOTONS; QUANTUM CRYPTOGRAPHY; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; TIMING JITTER;

PARTICLE BEAMS;

EID: 34249869818     PISSN: 17494885     EISSN: 17494893     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nphoton.2007.75     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Gisin, N., Ribordy, G., Tittel, W. & Zbinden, U. Quantum cryptography. Rev. Mod. Phys. 74, 145-195 (2002).
2. Vernam, G. S. Cipher printing telegraph systems for secret wire and radio telegraphic communications. J. Am. Inst. Elec. Eng. 45, 109-115 (1926).
3. Bennett, C. H., Bessette, F., Brassard, G., Salvail, L. & Smolin, J. Experimental quantum cryptography. J. Cryptology 5, 3-28 (1992).
4. Bennett, C. H. & Brassard, G. Quantum cryptography: Public key distribution and coin tossing, in Proceedings of IEEE International Conference of Computer Systems and Signal Processing, Bangalore, India, 175-179 (IEEE, New York, 1984).
5. Lütkenhaus, N. Security against individual attacks for realistic quantum key distribution. Phys. Rev. A 61, 052304 (2000).
6. Brassard, G., Lütkenhaus, N., Mor, T. & Sanders, B. C. Limitations on practical quantum cryptography. Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 1330-1333 (2000).
7. Santori, C., Fattal, D., Vučković, J., Solomon, G. S. & Yamamoto, Y. Indistinguishable photons from a single-photon device. Nature 419, 594-597 (2002).
8. Kuhn, A., Hennrich, M. & Rempe, G. Deterministic single-photon source for a distributed quantum networking. Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 067201 (2002).
9. McKeever, J. et al. Deterministic generation of single photons from one atom trapped cavity. Science 303, 1992-1994 (2004).
10. Waks, E. et al. Quantum cryptography with a photon turnstile. Nature 420, 762 (2002).
11. Beveratos, A. et al. Single photon quantum cryptography. Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 187901 (2002).
12. Waks, E., Santori, C. & Yamamoto, Y. Security aspects of quantum key distribution with sub-Poisson light. Phys. Rev. A 66, 042315 (2002).
13. Hwang, W. Y. Quantum key distribution with high loss: toward global secure communication. Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 057901 (2003).
14. Lo, H. K., Ma, X. & Chen, K. Decoy state quantum key distribution. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 230504 (2005).
15. Wang, X. B. Beating the photon-number-splitting attack in practical quantum cryptography. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 230503 (2005).
16. Ma, X., Qi, B., Zhao, Y. & Lo, H. K. Practical decoy state for quantum key distribution. Phys. Rev. A 72, 012326 (2005).
17. Bennett, C. H. Quantum cryptography using any two nonorthogonal states. Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 3121-3124 (1992).
18. Koashi, M. Unconditional security of coherent-state quantum key distribution with a strong phase-refercnce pulse. Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 120501 (2004).
19. Scarani, V., Acín, A., Ribordy, G. & Gisin, N. Quantum cryptography protocols robust against photon number splitting attacks for weak laser pulse implementation. Phys. Rev. Lett. 92, 057901 (2004).
20. Stucki, D., Brunner, N., Gisin, N., Scarani, V. & Zbinden, H. Fast and simple one-way quantum key distribution. Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 194108 (2005).
21. Inoue, K., Waks, E. & Yamamoto, Y. Differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution. Phys. Rev. Lett. 89, 037902 (2002).
22. Rosenberg, D. et al. Long distance decoy state quantum key distribution in optical fiber. Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 010503 (2007).
23. Waks, E., Takesue, H. & Yamamoto, Y. Security of differential-phase- shift quantum key distribution against individual attacks. Phys. Rev. A 73, 012344 (2006).
24. Takesue, H. et al. Differential phase shift quantum key distribution over 105 km fibre, New J. Phys. 7, 232 (2005).
25. Diamanti, E., Takesue, H., Langrock, C., Fejer, M. M. & Yamamoto, Y. 100 km secure differential phase shift quantum key distribution with low jitter up-conversion detectors. Opt. Express 14, 13073-13082 (2006).
26. Gol'tsman, G. N. et al. Picosecond superconducting single-photon optical detector. Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 705-707 (2001).
27. Verevkin, A. et al. Detection efficiency of large-active area NbN single-photon superconducting detectors in the ultraviolet to near-infrared range. Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 4687-4689 (2002).
28. Curty, M., Zhang, L.-L, Lo, H.-K. & Lütkenhaus, N. Sequential attacks against differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution with weak coherent states. Preprint at 〈http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0609094〉 (2006).
29. Bennett, C. H., Brassard, G., Crépeau & Maurer, U. M. Generalized privacy amplification. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 41, 1915-1923 (1995).
30. Fasel, S. et al. High-quality asynchronous heralded single-photon source at telecom wavelength. New J. Phys. 6, 163 (2004).
31. Trifonov, A. & Zavriyev, A. Secure communication with a heralded single-photon source. J. Opt. B 7, S772-S777 (2005).
32. Soujaeff, A. et al. Quantum key distribution at 1550 nm using a pulse heralded single photon source. Opt. Express 15, 726-734 (2007).
33. Hadfield, R. H. et al. Single photon source characterization with a superconducting single photon detector. Opt. Express 13, 10846-10853 (2005).
34. Il'in, K. S. et al. Picosecond hot-electron energy relaxation in NbN superconducting photodetectors. Appl. Phys. Lett. 76, 2752-2754 (2000).
35. Kurtsiefer, C. et al. A step towards global key distribution. Nature 419, 450 (2002).
36. Ursin, R. et al. Free-space distribution of entanglement and single photons over 144km. Preprint at 〈http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/ 0607182〉 (2006).
37. Schmitt-Manderback, T. et al. Experimental demonstration of free-space decoy-state quantum key distribution over 144 km. Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 010504 (2007).
38. Collins, R. J., Hadfield, R. H., Fernandez, V., Nam, S. W. & Buller, G. S. Low timing jitter detector for gigahertz quantum key distribution. Electron. Lett. 43, 180-182 (2007).
39. Hiskett, P. A. et al. Long-distance quantum key distribution in optical fibre. New J. Phys. 8, 193 (2006).