Transcranial electric stimulation for intraoperative motor evoked potential monitoring: Stimulation parameters and electrode montages

Clinical Neurophysiology

Volumn 118, Issue 7, 2007, Pages 1586-1595

  Szelényi, Andrea ^a   Kothbauer, Karl F ^b   Deletis, Vedran ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL FRANKFURT   (Germany)

^b LUZERNER KANTONSSPITAL   (Switzerland)

^c ST LUKE S ROOSEVELT HOSPITAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Intraoperative motor evoked potential; Motor threshold; Reference values; Stimulating electrode montage; Stimulation parameters; Total intravenous anesthesia; Transcranial electric stimulation

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BRAIN DEPTH STIMULATION; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTRODE; ELECTROSTIMULATION; EVOKED MUSCLE RESPONSE; HUMAN; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; PATIENT MONITORING; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PULSE GENERATOR; TIBIALIS ANTERIOR MUSCLE;

ANESTHESIA, INTRAVENOUS; AXONS; ELECTRIC STIMULATION; ELECTRODES; ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY; EVOKED POTENTIALS, MOTOR; HUMANS; INTRAOPERATIVE PERIOD; MONITORING, INTRAOPERATIVE; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES; REFERENCE VALUES; UPPER EXTREMITY;

EID: 34249735371     PISSN: 13882457     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2007.04.008     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Agnew W.F., Yuen T.G., Pudenz R.H., and Bullara L.A. Electrical stimulation of the brain. IV. Ultrastructural studies. Surg Neurol 4 5 (1975) 438-448
2. Brocke J., Irlbacher K., Hauptmann B., Voss M., and Brandt S.A. Transcranial magnetic and electrical stimulation compared: does TES activate intracortical neuronal circuits?. Clin Neurophysiol 116 12 (2005) 2748-2756
3. Burke D., Hicks R., and Stephen J. Anodal and cathodal stimulation of the upper-limb area of the human motor cortex. Brain 115 Pt 5 (1992) 1497-1508
4. Burke D., Hicks R., Stephen J., Woodforth I., and Crawford M. Assessment of corticospinal and somatosensory conduction simultaneously during scoliosis surgery. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 85 6 (1992) 388-396
5. Burke D., Hicks R.G., and Stephen J.P.H. Corticospinal volleys evoked by anodal and cathodal stimulation of the human motor cortex. J Physiol 425 (1990) 283-299
6. Calancie B., Harris W., Broton J.G., Alexeeva N., and Green B.A. "Threshold-level" multipulse transcranial electrical stimulation of motor cortex for intraoperative monitoring of spinal motor tracts: description of method and comparison to somatosensory evoked potential monitoring. J Neurosurg 88 3 (1998) 457-470
7. Cohen L.G., and Hallett M. Noninvasive mapping of human motor cortex. Neurology 38 6 (1988) 904-909
8. Deletis V., Isgum V., and Amassian V.E. Neurophysiological mechanisms underlying motor-evoked potentials in anesthetized humans Part 1. Recovery time of corticospinal tract waves elicited by pairs of transcranial electrical stimulation. Clin Neurophysiol 112 (2001) 438-444
9. Deletis V., Rodi Z., and Amassian V.E. Neurophysiological mechanisms underlying motor-evoked potentials in anesthetized humans. Part 2. Relationship between epidurally and muscle recorded MEPs in man. Clin Neurophysiol 112 (2001) 445-452
10. Deletis V., and Sala F. Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring during spine surgery: an update. Curr Opin Orthop 15 (2004) 154-158
11. Di Lazzaro V., Oliviero A., Pilato F., Saturno E., Dileone M., Mazzone P., et al. The physiological basis of transcranial motor cortex stimulation in conscious humans. Clin Neurophysiol 115 2 (2004) 255-266
12. Hicks R., Burke D., Stephen J., Woodforth I., and Crawford M. Corticospinal volleys evoked by electrical stimulation of human motor cortex after withdrawal of volatile anaesthetics. J Physiol 456 (1992) 393-404
13. Jones S.J., Harrison R., Koh K.F., Mendoza N., and Crockard H.A. Motor evoked potential monitoring during spinal surgery: responses of distal limb muscles to transcranial cortical stimulation with pulse trains. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 100 5 (1996) 375-383
14. Kalkman C.J., Drummond J.C., Ribberink A.A., Patel P.M., Sano T., and Bickford R.G. Effects of propofol, etomidate, midazolam, and fentanyl on motor evoked responses to transcranial electrical or magnetic stimulation in humans. Anesthesiology 76 4 (1992) 502-509
15. Kothbauer K., Deletis V., and Epstein F. Motor-evoked potential monitoring for intramedullary spinal cord tumor surgery: correlation of clinical and neurophysiological data in a series of 100 consecutive procedures. Neurosurg Focus 4 5 (1998) 1-9
16. Lyon R., Lieberman J.A., Grabovac M.T., and Hu S. Strategies for managing decreased motor evoked potential signals while distracting the spine during correction of scoliosis. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 16 2 (2004) 167-170
17. MacDonald D.B. Safety of intraoperative transcranial electrical stimulation motor evoked potential monitoring. J Clin Neurophysiol 19 5 (2002) 416-429
18. MacDonald D.B. Intraoperative motor evoked potential monitoring: overview and update. J Clin Monit Comput 20 5 (2006) 347-377
19. Merrill D.R., Bikson M., and Jefferys J.G. Electrical stimulation of excitable tissue: design of efficacious and safe protocols. J Neurosci Methods 141 2 (2005) 171-198
20. Neuloh G., and Schramm J. Monitoring of motor evoked potentials compared with somatosensory evoked potentials and microvascular Doppler ultrasonography in cerebral aneurysm surgery. J Neurosurg 100 (2004) 389-399
21. Novak K., de Camargo A.B., Neuwirth M., Kothbauer K., Amassian V.E., and Deletis V. The refractory period of fast conducting corticospinal tract axons in man and its implications for intraoperative monitoring of motor evoked potentials. Clin Neurophysiol 115 8 (2004) 1931-1941
22. Patton H.D., and Amassian V.E. Single- and multiple unit analysis of cortical state of pyramidal tract activation. J Neurophysiol 17 (1954) 345-363
23. Pechstein U., Cedzich C., Nadstawek J., and Schramm J. Transcranial high-frequency repetitive electrical stimulation for recording myogenic motor evoked potentials with the patient under general anesthesia. Neurosurgery 39 2 (1996) 335-343
24. Pechstein U., Nadstawek J., Zentner J., and Schramm J. Isoflurane plus nitrous oxide versus propofol for recording of motor evoked potentials after high frequency repetitive electrical stimulation. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol 108 2 (1998) 175-181
25. Penfield W., and Boldrey E. Somatic motor and sensory representation in the cerebral cortex of man as studied by electric stimulation. Brain 60 (1937) 389-443
26. Quinones-Hinojosa A., Alam M., Lyon R., Yingling C.D., and Lawton M.T. Transcranial motor evoked potentials during basilar artery aneurysm surgery: technique application for 30 consecutive patients. Neurosurgery 54 4 (2004) 916-924
27. Reinacher P.C., Priebe H.J., Blumrich W., Zentner J., and Scheufler K.M. The effects of stimulation pattern and sevoflurane concentration on intraoperative motor-evoked potentials. Anesth Analg 102 3 (2006) 888-895
28. Rothwell J., Burke D., Hicks R., Stephen J., Woodforth I., and Crawford M. Transcranial electrical stimulation of the motor cortex in man: further evidence for the site of activation. J Physiol 481 Pt 1 (1994) 243-250
29. Sala F., and Lanteri P. Brain surgery in motor areas: the invaluable assistance of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring. J Neurosurg Sci 47 2 (2003) 79-88
30. Scheufler K.M., Reinacher P.C., Blumrich W., Zentner J., and Priebe H.J. The modifying effects of stimulation pattern and propofol plasma concentration on motor-evoked potentials. Anesth Analg 100 2 (2005) 440-447
31. Szelenyi A., Langer D., Kothbauer K., Camargo A.B., Flamm E.S., and Deletis V. Motor evoked potentials monitoring during cerebral aneurysm surgery: intraoperative changes and postoperative outcome. J Neurosurg 105 5 (2006) 675-681
32. Taniguchi M., Cedzich C., and Schramm J. Modification of cortical stimulation for motor evoked potentials under general anesthesia: technical description. Neurosurgery 32 2 (1993) 219-226
33. Ubags L.H., Kalkman C.J., and Been H.D. Influence of isoflurane on myogenic motor evoked potentials to single and multiple transcranial stimuli during nitrous oxide/opioid anesthesia. Neurosurgery 43 1 (1998) 90-94
34. Ugawa Y., Rothwell J.C., Day B.L., Thompson P.D., and Marsden C.D. Percutaneous electrical stimulation of corticospinal pathways at the level of the pyramidal decussation in humans. Ann Neurol 29 4 (1991) 418-427
35. Weiss G. Sur la possibilité de rendre comparables entre eux les appareils servant à léxcitation électrique. Arch Ital Biol 35 (1901) 413-446