The presence of pleiotrophin in the human intervertebral disc is associated with increased vascularization: An immunohistologic study

Spine

Volumn 32, Issue 12, 2007, Pages 1295-1302

  Johnson, William E B ^a,b   Patterson, Angela M ^a   Eisenstein, Stephen M ^a   Roberts, Sally ^a  

^a KEELE UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^b ROBERT JONES AND AGNES HUNT ORTHOPAEDIC HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Intervertebral disc; Neovascularization; Pathology; Pleiotrophin

Indexed keywords

CD34 ANTIGEN; NEUROFILAMENT PROTEIN;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; BLOOD VESSEL; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENDOTHELIUM CELL; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN TISSUE; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; IMMUNOHISTOLOGY; IMMUNOREACTIVITY; INNERVATION; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DEGENERATION; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK HERNIA; INTERVERTEBRAL DISKECTOMY; MALE; NEOVASCULARIZATION (PATHOLOGY); NEUROFILAMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DETERMINATION; SCHOOL CHILD; VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM;

ADULT; CARRIER PROTEINS; CHILD; CYTOKINES; CYTOPLASM; ENDOTHELIUM, VASCULAR; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX; HUMANS; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK; INTERVERTEBRAL DISK DISPLACEMENT; MIDDLE AGED; NEOVASCULARIZATION, PATHOLOGIC; NERVE FIBERS; NEUROFILAMENT PROTEINS;

EID: 34249028495     PISSN: 03622436     EISSN: 15281159     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31805b835d     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Palmgren T, Gronbald M, Virri J, et al. An immunohistochemical study of nerve structures in anulus fibrosus of human normal lumbar intervertebral discs. Spine 1999;24:2075-9.
2. Johnson WE, Evans H, Menage J, et al. Immunohistochemical detection of Schwann cells in innervated and vascularised human intervertebral discs. Spine 2001;26:2550-7.
3. Coppes MH, Marani E, Thomeer RTWM, et al. Innervation of the annulus fibrosus in low back pain. Lancet 1990;336:189-90.
4. Coppes MH, Marani E, Thomeer RTWM, et al. Innervation of 'painful' lumbar discs. Spine 1997;22:2342-50.
5. Kauppila LI. Ingrowth of blood vessels in disc degeneration. J Bone Joint Surg Am 1995;77:26-31.
6. Palmgren T, Gronbald M, Virri J, et al. Immunohistochemical demonstration of sensory and autonomic nerve terminals in herniated lumbar disc tissue. Spine 1996;211:1301-6.
7. Freemont AJ, Peacock TE, Goupille P, et al. Nerve ingrowth into diseased intervertebral disc in chronic back pain. Lancet 1997;350:178-81.
8. Rauvala H, Huttunen HJ, Fages C, et al. Heparin binding proteins HB-GAM (pleiotrophin) and amphotericin in the regulation of cell motility. Matrix Biol 2000;19:377-87.
9. Bao X, Mikami T, Yamada S, et al. Heparin binding growth factor, pleiotrophin, mediates neuritogenic activity of embryonic pig brain-derived chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate hybrid chains. J Biol Chem 2005;280:9180-91.
10. Christman KL, Fang Q, Kim AJ, et al. Pleiotrophin induces formation of functional vasculature in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005;332:1146-52.
11. Rumsby M, Suggitt F, Haynes L, et al. Substratum of pleiotrophin (HB-GAM) stimulates rat GC-4 line oligodendrocytes to adopt a bipolar morphology and disperse: primary O2-A cells disperse similarly on pleiotrophin. Glia 1999;26:361-7.
12. Maeda N, Noda M. Involvement of receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase zeta/RPTP beta and its ligand pleiotrophin/HB-GAM in neuronal migration. J Cell Biol 1998;142:203-16.
13. Yang XB, Tare RS, Partridge KA, et al. Induction of human osteoprogenitor chemotaxis, proliferation, differentiation and bone formation by osteoblast-stimulating factor-1/pleiotrophin: osteoconductive biomimetic scaffolds for tissue engineering. J Bone Miner Res 2003;18:47-57.
14. Asahina K, Sato H, Yamasaki C, et al. Pleiotrophin/heparin binding growth-associated molecule as a mitogen of rat hepatocytes and its role in regeneration and development of liver. Am J Pathol 2002;160:2191-2205.
15. Lu KV, Jong KA, Kim GY, et al. Differential induction of glioblastoma cell migration and growth by two forms of pleiotrophin. J Biol Chem 2005;280:26953-64.
16. Maeda N, He J, Yajima Y, et al. Heterogeneity of the chondroitin sulfate portion of phosphacan/6B4 proteoglycan regulates its binding affinity for pleiotrophin/heparin binding growth-associated molecule. J Biol Chem 2003;278:35805-11.
17. Zou K, Muramatsu H, Ikematsu S, et al. A heparin-binding growth factor, midkine, binds to chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan, PG-M/versican. Eur J Biochem 2000;267:4046-53.
18. Dreyfus J, Brunet-de Carvalho N, Duprez D, et al. HB-GAM/pleiotrophin but not RIHB/midkine enhances chondrogenesis in micromass culture. Exp Cell Res 1998;241:171-80.
19. Dreyfus J, Brunet-de Carvalho N, Duprez D, et al. HB-GAM/pleiotrophin: localisation of mRNA and protein in the chick developing leg. Int J Dev Biol 1998;42:189-98.
20. Neame PJ, Young CN, Brock CW, et al. Pleiotrophin is an abundant protein in dissociative extracts of bovine fetal epiphyseal cartilage and nasal cartilage from newborns. J Orthop Res 1993;11:479-91.
21. Petersen W, Rafii M. Immunolocalisation of the angiogenic factor pleiotrophin (PTN) in the growth plate in mice. Acta Orthop Trauma Surg 2001;121:414-6.
22. Azizan A, Gaw JU, Govindraj P, et al. Chondromodulin and pleiotrophin gene expression in bovine cartilage and epiphysis. Matrix Biol 2000;19:521-31.
23. Pufe T, Bartscher M, Petersen W, et al. Pleiotrophin, an embryonic differentiation and growth factor, is expressed in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2003;11:260-4.
24. Pufe T, Bartscher M, Petersen W, et al. Expression of pleiotrophin, an embryonic differentiation and growth factor, in rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheum 2003;48:660-7.
25. Thompson JP, Pearce RH, Schechter MT, et al. Preliminary evaluation of a scheme for the gross morphology of the human intervertebral disc. Spine 1990;15:411-5.
26. Tolonen J, Gronblad M, Virri J, et al. Basic fibroblast growth factor immunoreactivity in blood vessels and cells of disc herniations. Spine 1995;20:271-6.
27. Pai RR, D'Sa B, Raghuveer CV, et al. Neovascularization of nucleus pulposus: a diagnostic feature of intervertebral disc prolapse. Spine 1999;24:739-41.
28. Haro H, Kato T, Komori H, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis in herniated disc resorption. J Orthop Res 2002;20:409-15.
29. Johnson WE, Eisenstein SM, Roberts S. Cell cluster formation in degenerate lumbar intervertebral discs is associated with increased disc cell proliferation. Connect Tissue Res 2001;42:197-207.
30. Ashton IK, Roberts S, Jaffrey DC, et al. Neuropeptides in the human intervertebral disc. J Orthop Res 1994;12:186-92.
31. Freemont AJ, Watkins A, Le Maitre C, et al. Nerve growth factor expression and innervation of the painful intervertebral disc. J Pathol 2002;197:286-92.
32. Johnson WE, Caterson B, Eisenstein SM, et al. Human intervertebral disc aggrecan inhibits nerve growth in vitro. Arthritis Rheum 2002;46:2658-64.
33. Johnson WE, Caterson B, Eisenstein SM, et al. Human intervertebral disc aggrecan inhibits endothelial cell adhesion and cell migration in vitro. Spine 2005;30:1139-47.
34. Nolo R, Kaksonen M, Rauvala H. Developmentally regulated neurite outgrowth response from dorsal root ganglion neurons to heparin- binding growth-associated molecule (HB-GAM) and the expression of HB-GAM in the targets of the developing dorsal root ganglion neurites. Eur J Neurosci 1996;8:1658-65.
35. Raulo E, Julkunen I, Merenmies J, et al. Secretion and biological activities of heparin binding growth-associated molecule. J Biol Chem 1992;267:11408-16.
36. Wellstein A, Fang W, Khatri A, et al. A heparin binding growth factor secreted from breast cancer cells homologous to a developmentally regulated cytokine. J Biol Chem 1992;267:2582-7.
37. Maeda N, Fukazawa N, Hata T. The binding of chondroitin sulphate to pleiotrophin/HB-GAM is regulated by chain length and oversulfated structures. J Biol Chem 2006;281:4894-902.
38. Milev P, Chiba A, Haring M, et al. High affinity binding and overlapping localisation of neurocan and phosphacan/Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase zeta/beta with tenascin R, amphoterin and the heparin- binding growth associated molecule. J Biol Chem 1998;273:6998-7005.
39. Fang W, Hartman N, Chow DT, et al. Pleiotrophin stimulates fibroblasts and endothelial and epithelial cells and is expressed in human cancer. J Biol Chem 1992;267:25889-97.
40. Szabat E, Rauvala H. Role of HB-GAM (heparin-binding growth-associated molecule) in proliferation arrest in cells of the developing rat limb and its expression in the differentiating neuromuscular system. Dev Biol 1996;178:77-89.
41. Tapp H, Hernandez DJ, Neame PJ, et al. Pleiotrophin inhibits chondrocyte proliferation and stimulates proteoglycan synthesis in mature bovine chondrocytes. Matrix Biol 1999;18:543-56.
42. Paajanen H, Haapasolo H, Kotilainen E, et al. Proliferation potential of human lumbar disc after herniation. J Spinal Disord 1999;12:57-60.
43. Antoniou J, Steffen T, Nelson F, et al. The human lumbar intervertebral disc: evidence for changes in the biosynthesis and denaturation of the extracellular matrix with growth, maturation, ageing, and degeneration. J Clin Invest 1996;98:996-1003.