Terror management among Chinese: Worldview defence and intergroup bias in resource allocation

Asian Journal of Social Psychology

Volumn 10, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 93-102

  Tam, Kim Pong ^a   Chiu, Chi Yue ^b   Lau, Ivy Yee Man ^c  

^a CHINESE UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

^b UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

^c SINGAPORE MANAGEMENT UNIVERSITY   (Singapore)

Author keywords

Chinese culture; Intergroup bias; Mortality salience; Terror management theory; Worldview defence

Indexed keywords

EID: 34248383125     PISSN: 13672223     EISSN: 1467839X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-839X.2007.00216.x     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Arndt, J., Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., Pyszczynski, T. Simon, L. (1997). Suppression, accessibility of death-related thoughts, and cultural worldview defense: Exploring psychodynamics of terror management. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 5 18.
2. Baldwin, M. Wesley, R. (1996). Effects of existential anxiety and self-esteem on the perception of others. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 18, 75 95.
3. Becker, E. (1973). The Denial of Death. New York : Free Press.
4. Castano, E., Yzerbyt, V., Paladino, M. Sacchi, S. (2002). I belong, therefore, I exist: Ingroup identification, ingroup entitativity, and ingroup bias. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 28, 135 143.
5. Cheng, H. (1997). Wisdom of Life and Death: Chinese View Toward Attitudes of Life and Death. Taipei City, Taiwan : Han hsin wen hua shih yeh yu hsien kung ssu.
6. Cheung, W.-S. Ho, S. M. Y. (2004). The use of death metaphors to understand personal meaning of death among Hong Kong Chinese undergraduates. Death Studies, 28, 47 62.
7. Crisp, R. J. (2002). Social categorisation. Burring the Boundaries. The Psychologist, 15, 612 615.
8. Dechesne, M., Greenberg, J., Arndt, J. Schimel, J. (2000). Terror management and the vicissitudes of sports fan affiliation: The effects of mortality salience on optimism and fan identification. European Journal of Social Psychology, 30, 813 835.
9. Florian, V. Mikulincer, M. (1997). Fear of death and the judgment of social transgressions: A multidimensional test of terror management theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 369 380.
10. Florian, V. Mikulincer, M. (1998). Terror management in childhood: Does death conceptualization moderate the effects of mortality salience on similar and different others? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 1104 1112.
11. Gaertner, S. L., Dovidio, J. F., Banker, B. S., Houlette, M., Johnson, K. M. McGlynn, E. A. (2000). Reducing intergroup conflict: From superordinate goals to decategorization, recategorization, and mutual differentiation. Group Dynamics: Theory Research and Practice. Special One Hundred Years of Group Research, 4, 98 114.
12. Greenberg, J., Arndt, J., Simon, L., Pyszczynski, T. Solomon, S. (2000). Proximal and distal defense in response to reminders of one's mortality: Evidence of a temporal sequence. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 91 99.
13. Greenberg, J., Porteus, J., Simon, L., Pyszczynski, T. Solomon, S. (1995). Evidence of a terror management function of cultural icons: The effects of mortality salience on the inappropriate use of cherished cultural symbols. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21, 1221 1228.
14. Greenberg, J., Pyszczynski, T., Solomon, S., et al. (1990). Evidence for terror management theory II: The effects of mortality salience on reactions to those who threaten and bolster the cultural worldview. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 308 318.
15. Greenberg, J., Simon, L., Pyszczynski, T., Solomon, S. Chatel, D. (1992). Terror management and tolerance: Does mortality salience always intensify negative reactions to others who threaten one's worldview? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63, 212 220.
16. Greenberg, J., Solomon, S. Pyszczynski, T. (1997). Terror management theory of self-esteem and cultural worldview: Empirical assessments and conceptual refinements. In : P. M. Zanna, ed. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, Vol. 29, pp. 61 141. San Diego, CA : Academic Press.
17. Harmon-Jones, E., Greenberg, J., Solomon, S. Simon, L. (1996). The effects of mortality salience on intergroup bias between minimal groups. European Journal of Social Psychology, 26, 677 681.
18. Harmon-Jones, E., Simon, L., Pyszczynski, T., Solomon, S. McGregor, H. (1997). Terror management theory and self-esteem: Evidence that increased self-esteem reduces mortality salience effects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 24 36.
19. Heine, S. J., Harihara, M. Niiya, Y. (2002). Terror management in Japan. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 5, 187 196.
20. Hewstone, M., Rubin, M. Willis, H. (2002). Intergroup bias. Annual Review of Psychology, 53, 575 604.
21. Ho, S. M. Y., Chow, A. Y. M., Chan, C. L. W. Tsui, Y. K. Y. (2002). The assessment of grief among Hong Kong Chinese: A preliminary report. Death Studies, 26, 91 98.
22. Ho, S. M. Y., Ho, J. W. C., Chan, C. L. W., Kwan, K. Tsui, Y. K. Y. (2003). Decisional consideration of hereditary colon cancer genetic test results among Hong Kong Chinese adults. Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarker and Prevention, 12, 426 432.
23. Hong, Y.-Y., Chiu, C.-Y., Yeung, G. Tong, Y.-Y. (1999). Social comparison during political transition: Interaction of entity versus incremental beliefs and social identities. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 23, 257 279.
24. Jetten, J., Spears, R. Manstead, A.S.R. (1997). Strength of identification and intergroup differentiation: The influence of group norms. European Journal of Social Psychology, 27, 603 609.
25. Kashima, E. S., Halloran, M., Yuki, M. Kashima, Y. (2004). The effects of personal and collective mortality salience on individualism: Comparing Australians and Japanese with higher and lower self-esteem. Journal of Experiment Social Psychology, 40, 384 392.
26. Kasser, T. Sheldon, K. M. (2000). Of wealth and death: Materialism, mortality salience, and consumption behavior. Psychological Science, 11, 348 351.
27. Kubler-Ross, E. (1975). Death: The Final Stage of Growth. Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentic-Hall.
28. Lam, S.-F., Lau, I. Y.-M., Chiu, C.-Y., Hong, Y.-Y. Peng, S.-Q. (1999). Differential emphases on modernity and Confucian values in social categorization: The case of Hong Kong adolescents in political transition. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 23, 237 256.
29. McGregor, H., Liberman, J., Greenberg, J., et al. (1998). Terror management and aggression: Evidence that mortality salience motivates aggression against worldview-threatening others. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 74, 590 605.
30. McMordie, W. R. Kumar, A. (1984). Cross-culture research on the Templer/McMordie death anxiety scale. Psychological Reports, 54, 959 963.
31. Moore, B. Jr. (1978). Injustice: The Social Bases of Obedience and Revolt. London : MacMillan.
32. Navarrete, C. D. (2005). Death concerns and other adaptive challenges: The effects of coalition-relevant challenges on worldview defense in the US and Costa Rica. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 8, 411 427.
33. Navarrete, C. D., Kurzban, R., Fessler, D. M. T. Kirkpatrick, L. A. (2004). Anxiety and intergroup bias: Terror management or coalitional psychology? Group Processes and Intergroup Relations, 7, 370 397.
34. Nelson, L. J., Moore, D. L., Olivetti, J. Scott, T. (1997). General and personal mortality salience and nationalistic bias. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 884 892.
35. Oyserman, D., Coon, H. M. Kemmelmeier, M. (2002). Rethinking individualism and collectivism: Evaluation of theoretical assumptions and meta-analyses. Psychological Bulletin, 128, 3 72.
36. Penner, L. A. (2004). Volunteerism and social problems: Making things better or worse. Journal of Social Issues, 60, 645 666.
37. Pyszczynski, T., Solomon, S. Greenberg, J. (2004). In The Wake of 9/11: The Psychology of Terror. Washington, DC : American Psychological Association.
38. Pyszczynski, T., Wicklund, R. A., Floresku, S., et al. (1996). Whistling in the dark: Exaggerated consensus estimates in response to incidental reminders of mortality. Psychological Science, 7, 332 336.
39. Rosenblatt, A., Greenberg, J., Solomon, S., Pyszczynski, T. Lyon, D. (1989). Evidence of terror management theory I: The effects of mortality salience on reactions to those who violate or uphold cultural values. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 681 690.
40. Schimel, J., Simon, L., Greenberg, J., Pyszczynski, T., Solomon, S. Waxmonsky, J. (1999). Stereotypes and terror management: Evidence that mortality salience enhances stereotypic thinking and preferences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 905 926.
41. Schumaker, J. F., Barraclough, R. A. Vagg, L. M. (1988). Death anxiety in Malaysian and Australian University students. Journal of Social Psychology, 128, 41 47.
42. Tang, C., Wu, A. Yan, E. (2002). Psychosocial correlates of death anxiety among Chinese college students. Death Studies, 26, 491 499.
43. Westman, A. S. Canter, F. M. (1985). Fear of death and the concept of extended self. Psychological Reports, 56, 419 425.
44. Wu, A., Tang, C. Kwok, T. (2002). Death anxiety among Chinese elderly people in Hong Kong. Journal of Aging and Health, 14, 42 56.