메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 48, Issue 4, 2007, Pages 1592-1600

Variation of binocular-vertical fusion amplitude with convergence

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AMPLITUDE MODULATION; ARTICLE; BINOCULAR CONVERGENCE; COMPUTER; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIPLOPIA; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; LINEAR REGRESSION ANALYSIS; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RETINA IMAGE; VISUAL STIMULATION; BINOCULAR VISION; CLINICAL TRIAL; DEPTH PERCEPTION; MIDDLE AGED; MULTICENTER STUDY; PHYSIOLOGY; VISION; VISION TEST;

EID: 34248370982     PISSN: 01460404     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1167/iovs.06-1018     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (24)

References (61)
  • 2
    • 0027977990 scopus 로고
    • Isovergence surfaces: The conjugacy of vertical eye movements in tertiary positions of gaze
    • Schor CM, Maxwell JS, Stevenson SB. Isovergence surfaces: the conjugacy of vertical eye movements in tertiary positions of gaze. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 1994;14:279-286.
    • (1994) Ophthalmic Physiol Opt , vol.14 , pp. 279-286
    • Schor, C.M.1    Maxwell, J.S.2    Stevenson, S.B.3
  • 3
    • 0342535813 scopus 로고
    • Routine examination of the ocular muscles and nonoperative treatment
    • Berens C, Losey RR, Hardy LH. Routine examination of the ocular muscles and nonoperative treatment. Am J Ophthalmol. 1927;10: 910-918.
    • (1927) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.10 , pp. 910-918
    • Berens, C.1    Losey, R.R.2    Hardy, L.H.3
  • 4
    • 0031733233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of horizontal vergence on the motor and sensory components of vertical fusion
    • Hara N, Steffen H, Roberts DC, Zee DS. Effect of horizontal vergence on the motor and sensory components of vertical fusion. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1998;39:2268-2276.
    • (1998) Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci , vol.39 , pp. 2268-2276
    • Hara, N.1    Steffen, H.2    Roberts, D.C.3    Zee, D.S.4
  • 5
    • 39349109924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tasman W, Jaeger EA, eds, Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins;
    • Parks M. Vergences. In: Tasman W, Jaeger EA, eds. Duane's Clinical Ophthalmology. Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins; 2005:7.
    • (2005) Duane's Clinical Ophthalmology , pp. 7
    • Vergences, P.M.1
  • 6
    • 0026448004 scopus 로고
    • Vertical fusion amplitude in normal adults
    • Sharma K, Abdul-Rahim AS. Vertical fusion amplitude in normal adults. Am J Ophthalmol. 1992;114:636-637.
    • (1992) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.114 , pp. 636-637
    • Sharma, K.1    Abdul-Rahim, A.S.2
  • 7
    • 3543089342 scopus 로고
    • Vertical fusion amplitude
    • Takao S. Vertical fusion amplitude. J Jpn Ophthalmol Soc. 1936; 40:245-251.
    • (1936) J Jpn Ophthalmol Soc , vol.40 , pp. 245-251
    • Takao, S.1
  • 8
    • 0030747069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of subject instruction on horizontal and vertical vergence tracking
    • Stevenson SB, Lott LA, Yang J. The influence of subject instruction on horizontal and vertical vergence tracking. Vision Res. 1997;37: 2891-2898.
    • (1997) Vision Res , vol.37 , pp. 2891-2898
    • Stevenson, S.B.1    Lott, L.A.2    Yang, J.3
  • 9
    • 0018090763 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of human vertical fusional response
    • Perlmutter AL, Kertesz AE. Measurement of human vertical fusional response. Vision Res. 1978;18:219-223.
    • (1978) Vision Res , vol.18 , pp. 219-223
    • Perlmutter, A.L.1    Kertesz, A.E.2
  • 10
    • 39349088238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vertical vergence: Normal function and plasticity
    • Franzen O, Richter H, Stark L, Basel, Switzerland: Birkhauser Verlag;
    • Ygge J. Vertical vergence: normal function and plasticity. In: Franzen O, Richter H, Stark L. Accommodation and Vergence Mechanisms. Basel, Switzerland: Birkhauser Verlag; 2000:257-272.
    • (2000) Accommodation and Vergence Mechanisms , pp. 257-272
    • Ygge, J.1
  • 11
    • 0020154934 scopus 로고
    • Nonmotor component of fusional response to vertical disparity: A second look using an afterimage method
    • Duwaer AL. Nonmotor component of fusional response to vertical disparity: a second look using an afterimage method. J Opt Soc Am. 1982;72:871-877.
    • (1982) J Opt Soc Am , vol.72 , pp. 871-877
    • Duwaer, A.L.1
  • 12
    • 0014093610 scopus 로고
    • Extension of Panum's fusional area in binocularly stabilized vision
    • Fender D, Julesz B. Extension of Panum's fusional area in binocularly stabilized vision. J Opt Soc Am. 1967;57:819-830.
    • (1967) J Opt Soc Am , vol.57 , pp. 819-830
    • Fender, D.1    Julesz, B.2
  • 13
    • 0020971605 scopus 로고
    • Vertical fusional response to asymmetric disparities
    • Kertesz AE, Perlmutter AL. Vertical fusional response to asymmetric disparities. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1983;30:246-250.
    • (1983) IEEE Trans Biomed Eng , vol.30 , pp. 246-250
    • Kertesz, A.E.1    Perlmutter, A.L.2
  • 14
    • 0019999626 scopus 로고
    • Human vertical fusional response under open and closed loop stimulation to predictable and unpredictable disparity presentations
    • Perlmutter AL, Kertesz AE. Human vertical fusional response under open and closed loop stimulation to predictable and unpredictable disparity presentations. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1982;29:57-60.
    • (1982) IEEE Trans Biomed Eng , vol.29 , pp. 57-60
    • Perlmutter, A.L.1    Kertesz, A.E.2
  • 15
    • 0028835055 scopus 로고
    • Control of vertical eye alignment in three-dimensional space
    • Ygge J, Zee DS. Control of vertical eye alignment in three-dimensional space. Vision Res. 1995;35:3169-3181.
    • (1995) Vision Res , vol.35 , pp. 3169-3181
    • Ygge, J.1    Zee, D.S.2
  • 20
    • 84873798136 scopus 로고
    • Experimental investigation of vertical fusional movements
    • Ellerbrock VJ. Experimental investigation of vertical fusional movements. Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom. 1949;26:327-337.
    • (1949) Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom , vol.26 , pp. 327-337
    • Ellerbrock, V.J.1
  • 21
    • 0033801503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depth selectivity of vertical fusional mechanisms
    • Allison RS, Howard IP, Fang X. Depth selectivity of vertical fusional mechanisms. Vision Res. 2000;40:2985-2998.
    • (2000) Vision Res , vol.40 , pp. 2985-2998
    • Allison, R.S.1    Howard, I.P.2    Fang, X.3
  • 22
    • 0033966075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of stimulus size and eccentricity on horizontal and vertical vergence
    • Howard IP, Fang X, Allison RS, Zacher JE. Effects of stimulus size and eccentricity on horizontal and vertical vergence. Exp Brain Res. 2000;130:124-132.
    • (2000) Exp Brain Res , vol.130 , pp. 124-132
    • Howard, I.P.1    Fang, X.2    Allison, R.S.3    Zacher, J.E.4
  • 23
    • 0019541952 scopus 로고
    • Effect of stimulus size on fusion and vergence
    • Kertesz AE. Effect of stimulus size on fusion and vergence. J Opt Soc Am. 1981;71:289-293.
    • (1981) J Opt Soc Am , vol.71 , pp. 289-293
    • Kertesz, A.E.1
  • 24
    • 0038005088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The plasticity of vertical motor and sensory fusion in normal subjects
    • Luu CD, Abel L. The plasticity of vertical motor and sensory fusion in normal subjects. Strabismus. 2003;11:109-118.
    • (2003) Strabismus , vol.11 , pp. 109-118
    • Luu, C.D.1    Abel, L.2
  • 25
    • 0022360198 scopus 로고
    • Effect of visual training on the vertical vergence amplitude
    • Robertson KM, Kuhn L. Effect of visual training on the vertical vergence amplitude. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1985;62:659-668.
    • (1985) Am J Optom Physiol Opt , vol.62 , pp. 659-668
    • Robertson, K.M.1    Kuhn, L.2
  • 26
    • 0026602707 scopus 로고
    • Vertical vergence adaptation for normal and hyperphoric patients
    • Rutstein RP. Vertical vergence adaptation for normal and hyperphoric patients. Optom Vis Sci. 1992;69:289-293.
    • (1992) Optom Vis Sci , vol.69 , pp. 289-293
    • Rutstein, R.P.1
  • 27
    • 0023906393 scopus 로고
    • Horizontal and vertical vergence training and its effect on vergences, fixation disparity curves, and prism adaptation: II. Vertical data
    • Rutstein RP, Daum KM, Cho M, Eskridge JB. Horizontal and vertical vergence training and its effect on vergences, fixation disparity curves, and prism adaptation: II. Vertical data. Am J Optom Physiol Opt. 1988;65:8-13.
    • (1988) Am J Optom Physiol Opt , vol.65 , pp. 8-13
    • Rutstein, R.P.1    Daum, K.M.2    Cho, M.3    Eskridge, J.B.4
  • 29
    • 0025678586 scopus 로고
    • Vertical fusional vergences in patients with superior oblique muscle palsies
    • Mottier ME, Mets MB. Vertical fusional vergences in patients with superior oblique muscle palsies. Am Orthopt J. 1990;40:88-93.
    • (1990) Am Orthopt J , vol.40 , pp. 88-93
    • Mottier, M.E.1    Mets, M.B.2
  • 30
    • 0029339461 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between duration of superior oblique palsy and vertical fusional vergence, cyclodeviation, and diplopia
    • Rutstein RP, Corliss DA. The relationship between duration of superior oblique palsy and vertical fusional vergence, cyclodeviation, and diplopia. J Am Optom Assoc. 1995;66:442-448.
    • (1995) J Am Optom Assoc , vol.66 , pp. 442-448
    • Rutstein, R.P.1    Corliss, D.A.2
  • 31
    • 3543133753 scopus 로고
    • Ueber die fusionsbewegungen der augen beim prismaversuche.
    • Grafe A. Ueber die fusionsbewegungen der augen beim prismaversuche. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1891;37:243-257.
    • (1891) Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol , vol.37 , pp. 243-257
    • Grafe, A.1
  • 32
    • 0020961857 scopus 로고
    • Interaction between horizontal and vertical fusional responses
    • Boman DK, Kertesz AE. Interaction between horizontal and vertical fusional responses. Percept Psychophys. 1983;33:565-570.
    • (1983) Percept Psychophys , vol.33 , pp. 565-570
    • Boman, D.K.1    Kertesz, A.E.2
  • 33
    • 0000641232 scopus 로고
    • Observations on vertical divergences and hyperphorias
    • Ogle KN, Prangen AD. Observations on vertical divergences and hyperphorias. AMA Arch Ophthalmol. 1953;49:313-334.
    • (1953) AMA Arch Ophthalmol , vol.49 , pp. 313-334
    • Ogle, K.N.1    Prangen, A.D.2
  • 34
    • 39349100593 scopus 로고
    • The effect of aniseikonia on the amplitude of vertical divergence
    • Ellerbrock VJ. The effect of aniseikonia on the amplitude of vertical divergence. Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom. 1952;29:403-415.
    • (1952) Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom , vol.29 , pp. 403-415
    • Ellerbrock, V.J.1
  • 36
    • 0030612822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Psychophysics Toolbox
    • Brainard DH. The Psychophysics Toolbox. Spat Vis. 1997;10:433-436.
    • (1997) Spat Vis , vol.10 , pp. 433-436
    • Brainard, D.H.1
  • 37
    • 0030612832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The VideoToolbox software for visual psychophysics: Transforming numbers into movies
    • Pelli DG. The VideoToolbox software for visual psychophysics: transforming numbers into movies. Spat Vis. 1997;10:437-442.
    • (1997) Spat Vis , vol.10 , pp. 437-442
    • Pelli, D.G.1
  • 38
    • 0028848454 scopus 로고
    • An adaptable association between vertical and horizontal vergence
    • Schor CM, McCandless JW. An adaptable association between vertical and horizontal vergence. Vision Res. 1995;35:3519-3527.
    • (1995) Vision Res , vol.35 , pp. 3519-3527
    • Schor, C.M.1    McCandless, J.W.2
  • 39
    • 0029152256 scopus 로고
    • Distance cues for vertical vergence adaptation
    • Schor CM, McCandless JW. Distance cues for vertical vergence adaptation. Optom Vis Sci. 1995;72:478-486.
    • (1995) Optom Vis Sci , vol.72 , pp. 478-486
    • Schor, C.M.1    McCandless, J.W.2
  • 40
    • 0002327150 scopus 로고
    • Fixation disparity and vergence adaptation
    • Schor CM, Ciuffreda KJ, eds, Boston, MA: Butterworths;
    • Schor CM. Fixation disparity and vergence adaptation. In: Schor CM, Ciuffreda KJ, eds. Basic and Clinical Aspects of Binocular Vergence Eye Movements. Boston, MA: Butterworths; 1983:465-512.
    • (1983) Basic and Clinical Aspects of Binocular Vergence Eye Movements , pp. 465-512
    • Schor, C.M.1
  • 41
    • 0000378160 scopus 로고
    • The structural relationship: Regression in biology
    • McArdale BH. The structural relationship: regression in biology. Can J Zool. 1988;66:2329-2339.
    • (1988) Can J Zool , vol.66 , pp. 2329-2339
    • McArdale, B.H.1
  • 42
    • 33344466427 scopus 로고
    • Simple linear regression and correlation: Inferential methods
    • Devore J, Peck R, 2nd ed. Belmont, MA: Wadsworth;
    • Devore J, Peck R. Simple linear regression and correlation: inferential methods. In: Devore J, Peck R. Statistics: The Exploration and Analysis of Data. 2nd ed. Belmont, MA: Wadsworth; 1993: 731-802.
    • (1993) Statistics: The Exploration and Analysis of Data , pp. 731-802
    • Devore, J.1    Peck, R.2
  • 44
    • 0023059814 scopus 로고
    • Vergence adaptation: A review
    • Sethi B. Vergence adaptation: a review. Doc Ophthalmol. 1986; 63:247-263.
    • (1986) Doc Ophthalmol , vol.63 , pp. 247-263
    • Sethi, B.1
  • 46
    • 0036327077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of vergence adaptation to difference in vertical deviation between distance and near viewing in patients with superior oblique palsy
    • Ohtsuki H, Hasebe S, Furuse T, Nonaka F, et al. Contribution of vergence adaptation to difference in vertical deviation between distance and near viewing in patients with superior oblique palsy. Am J Ophthalmol. 2002;134:252-260.
    • (2002) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.134 , pp. 252-260
    • Ohtsuki, H.1    Hasebe, S.2    Furuse, T.3    Nonaka, F.4
  • 47
    • 0036071266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Components of disparity vergence eye movements: Application of independent component analysis
    • Semmlow JL, Yuan W. Components of disparity vergence eye movements: application of independent component analysis. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2002;49:805-811.
    • (2002) IEEE Trans Biomed Eng , vol.49 , pp. 805-811
    • Semmlow, J.L.1    Yuan, W.2
  • 48
    • 0027461182 scopus 로고
    • Inter-individual variability in the dynamics of natural accommodation in humans: Relation to age and refractive errors
    • Schaeffel F, Wilhelm H, Zrenner E. Inter-individual variability in the dynamics of natural accommodation in humans: relation to age and refractive errors. J Physiol. 1993;461:301-320.
    • (1993) J Physiol , vol.461 , pp. 301-320
    • Schaeffel, F.1    Wilhelm, H.2    Zrenner, E.3
  • 49
    • 0025806121 scopus 로고
    • Nongaussian distribution curve of heterophorias among children
    • Letourneau JE, Giroux R. Nongaussian distribution curve of heterophorias among children. Optom Vis Sci. 1991;68:132-137.
    • (1991) Optom Vis Sci , vol.68 , pp. 132-137
    • Letourneau, J.E.1    Giroux, R.2
  • 50
    • 28244434741 scopus 로고
    • Hyperphoria: A statistical study
    • Scobee R, Bennet E. Hyperphoria: a statistical study. Arch Ophthalmol. 1950;43:458-465.
    • (1950) Arch Ophthalmol , vol.43 , pp. 458-465
    • Scobee, R.1    Bennet, E.2
  • 51
    • 33646451190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of subjective heterophoria testing with a phoropter and trial frame
    • Casillas E, Rosenfield M. Comparison of subjective heterophoria testing with a phoropter and trial frame. Optom Vis Sci. 2006;83: 237-241.
    • (2006) Optom Vis Sci , vol.83 , pp. 237-241
    • Casillas, E.1    Rosenfield, M.2
  • 52
    • 16644393572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistical normal values of visual parameters that characterize binocular function in children
    • Jimenez R, Perez MA, Garcia JA, Gonzalez MD. Statistical normal values of visual parameters that characterize binocular function in children. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt. 2004;24:528-542.
    • (2004) Ophthalmic Physiol Opt , vol.24 , pp. 528-542
    • Jimenez, R.1    Perez, M.A.2    Garcia, J.A.3    Gonzalez, M.D.4
  • 54
    • 33748429864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The coordination of binocular eye movements: Vertical and torsional alignment
    • Maxwell JS, Schor CM. The coordination of binocular eye movements: vertical and torsional alignment. Vision Res. 2006;46: 3537-3548.
    • (2006) Vision Res , vol.46 , pp. 3537-3548
    • Maxwell, J.S.1    Schor, C.M.2
  • 55
    • 0015121135 scopus 로고
    • Absence of a stretch reflex in extraocular muscles of the monkey
    • Keller EL, Robinson DA. Absence of a stretch reflex in extraocular muscles of the monkey. J Neurophysiol. 1971;34:908-919.
    • (1971) J Neurophysiol , vol.34 , pp. 908-919
    • Keller, E.L.1    Robinson, D.A.2
  • 56
    • 0000835894 scopus 로고
    • The extraretinal signal for the visual perception of direction
    • Skavenski AA, Haddad G, Steinman RM. The extraretinal signal for the visual perception of direction. Percept Psychophys. 1972;11: 287-290.
    • (1972) Percept Psychophys , vol.11 , pp. 287-290
    • Skavenski, A.A.1    Haddad, G.2    Steinman, R.M.3
  • 57
    • 0023264976 scopus 로고
    • Proprioceptive knowledge of eye position
    • Steinbach MJ. Proprioceptive knowledge of eye position. Vision Res. 1987;27:1737-1744.
    • (1987) Vision Res , vol.27 , pp. 1737-1744
    • Steinbach, M.J.1
  • 58
    • 49749192245 scopus 로고
    • Vergence and accommodation. III. Proposed definitions of the AC/A ratios
    • Alpern M, Kincaid WM, Lubeck MJ. Vergence and accommodation. III. Proposed definitions of the AC/A ratios. Am J Ophthalmol. 1959;48:141-148.
    • (1959) Am J Ophthalmol , vol.48 , pp. 141-148
    • Alpern, M.1    Kincaid, W.M.2    Lubeck, M.J.3
  • 59
    • 0343077239 scopus 로고
    • An experimental analysis of the accommodation-convergence relation
    • Fry GA. An experimental analysis of the accommodation-convergence relation. Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom. 1937;14:402-414.
    • (1937) Am J Optom Arch Am Acad Optom , vol.14 , pp. 402-414
    • Fry, G.A.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.