Depth selectivity of vertical fusional mechanisms

Vision Research

Volumn 40, Issue 21, 2000, Pages 2985-2998

  Allison, R S ^a   Howard, I P ^a   Fang, X ^a  

^a YORK UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Diplopia; Fusion; Integration; Vertical vergence

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BINOCULAR CONVERGENCE; DEPTH PERCEPTION; DIPLOPIA; FEMALE; HUMAN; IMAGE ANALYSIS; LUMINANCE; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STEREOSCOPIC VISION; VISUAL DISCRIMINATION; VISUAL STIMULATION; VISUAL THRESHOLD;

EID: 0033801503     PISSN: 00426989     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0042-6989(00)00150-4     Document Type: Article

References (43)

1. Allen D.C. Vertical prism adaptation in anisometropes. American Journal of Optometry and Physiological Optics. 51:1974;252-259.
2. Boltz R.L., Smith E.L., Bennett M.J., Harwerth R.S. Vertical fusional vergence ranges of the rhesus monkey. Vision Research. 20:1980;83-85.
3. Boman D.K., Kertesz A.E. Interaction between horizontal and vertical fusional responses. Perception and Psychophysics. 33:1983;565-570.
4. Burian H.M. Fusional movements. Role of peripheral retinal stimuli. Archives of Ophthalmology. 21:1939;486-491.
5. Edwards M., Pope D.R., Schor C.M. Luminance contrast and spatial-frequency tuning of the transient-vergence system. Vision Research. 38:1998;705-717.
6. Ellerbrock V.J. Experimental investigation of vertical fusional movements. Part I. American Journal of Optometry and Archives of the American Academy of Optometry. 26:1949;327-337.
7. Finney D.J. Probit analysis. 1971;Cambridge University Press, London.
8. Hara N., Steffen H., Roberts D.C., Zee D.S. Effect of horizontal vergence on the motor and sensory components of vertical fusion. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 39:1998;2268-2276.
9. Houtman W.A., Roze J.H., Scheper W. Vertical motor fusion. Documenta Ophthalmologica. 44:1977;179-185.
10. Houtman W.A., van der Pol B.A.E. Fusional movements by peripheral retinal stimulation ('peripheral motor fusion'). Graefe's Archives Clinical Experimental Ophthalmology. 218:1982;218-220.
11. Howard I.P., Rogers B.J. Binocular vision and stereopsis. 1995;Oxford University Press, New York.
12. Howard I.P., Allison R.S., Zacher J.E. The dynamics of vertical vergence. Experimental Brain Research. 116:1997;153-159.
13. Howard I.P., Fang X., Allison R.S, Zacher J.E. Effects of stimulus size and eccentricity on horizontal and vertical vergence. Experimental Brain Research. 130:2000;124-132.
14. Hung G.K., Zhu H., Ciuffreda K.J. Convergence and divergence exhibit different response characteristics to symmetric stimuli. Vision Research. 37:1997;1197-1205.
15. Jones R., Kerr K.E. Vergence eye movements to pairs of disparity stimuli with shape selection cues. Vision Research. 12:1972;1425-1430.
16. Jones R., Stephens G.L. Horizontal fusional amplitudes. Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science. 30:1989;1638-1642.
17. Lemij H.G., Collewijn H. Short-term nonconjugate adaptation of human saccades to anisometropic spectacles. Vision Research. 31:1991;1955-1966.
18. London R.F., Wick B. Vertical fixation disparity correction: effect on the horizontal forced-vergence fixation disparity curve. American Journal of Optometry and Physiological Optics. 64:1987;653-656.
19. Maunsell J.H.R., Van Essen D.C. Functional properties of neurons in middle temporal visual area of the macaque monkey. II. Binocular interactions and sensitivity to binocular disparity. Journal of Neurophysiology. 49:1983;1148-1167.
20. Mayhew J., Longuet-Higgins H.C. A computational model of binocular depth perception. Nature. 297:1982;376-378.
21. McCandless J.W., Schor C.M., Maxwell J.S. A cross-coupling model of vertical vergence adaptation. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. 43:1996;24-34.
22. Mitchell D.E. Properties of stimuli eliciting vergence eye movements and stereopsis. Vision Research. 10:1970;145-162.
23. Ogle K.N. Stereopsis and vertical disparity. AMA Archives of Ophthalmology. 53:1955;495-504.
24. Ogle K.N. Researches in binocular vision. 1964;Hafner, New York.
25. Ogle K.N., Prangen A. de H. Observations on vertical divergences and hyperphorias. AMA Archives of Ophthalmology. 49:1953;313-334.
26. Ogle K.N., Martens T.G., Dyer J.A. Oculomotor imbalance in binocular vision and fixation disparity. 1967;Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia.
27. Poggio G.F., Fischer B. Binocular interaction and depth sensitivity in striate and prestriate cortex of behaving rhesus monkey. Journal of Neurophysiology. 40:1977;1392-1405.
28. Poggio G.F., Gonzalez F., Krause F. Stereoscopic mechanisms in monkey visual cortex: binocular correlation and disparity selectivity. Journal of Neuroscience. 8:1988;4531-4550.
29. Schor C.M. The relationship between fusional vergence eye movements and fixation disparity. Vision Research. 19:1979;1359-1367.
30. Schor C.M., McCandless J.W. Distance cues for vertical vergence adaptation. Optometry and Vision Science. 72:1995a;478-486.
31. Schor C.M., McCandless J.W. An adaptable association between vertical and horizontal vergence. Vision Research. 35:1995b;3519-3527.
32. Schor C.M., McCandless J.W. Context-specific adaptation of vertical vergence to correlates of eye position. Vision Research. 37:1997;1929-1937.
33. Schor C.M., Gleason G., Horner D. Selective nonconjugate binocular adaptation of vertical saccades and pursuits. Vision Research. 30:1990;1827-1844.
34. Schor C.M., Gleason G., Maxwell J., Lunn R. Spatial aspects of vertical phoria adaptation. Vision Research. 33:1993a;73-84.
35. Schor C.M., Gleason G., Lunn R. Interactions between short-term vertical phoria adaptation and nonconjugate adaptation of vertical pursuits. Vision Research. 33:1993b;55-64.
36. Schor C.M., Maxwell J.S., Stevenson S.B. Isovergence surfaces: the conjugacy of vertical eye movements in tertiary positions of gaze. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics. 14:1994;279-285.
37. Stevenson S.B., Cormack L.K., Schor C.M., Tyler C.W. Disparity tuning in mechanisms of human stereopsis. Vision Research. 32:1992;1685-1694.
38. Stevenson S.B., Lott L.A., Yang J. The influence of subject instruction on horizontal and vertical vergence tracking. Vision Research. 37:1997;2891-2898.
39. Stevenson S.B., Reed P.E., Yang J. The effect of target size and eccentricity on reflex disparity vergence. Vision Research. 39:1998;823-832.
40. Von der Heydt R., Adorjani C.S., Hänny P., Baumgartner G. Disparity sensitivity and receptive field incongruity of units in the cat striate cortex. Experimental Brain Research. 31:1978;523-545.
41. Westheimer G., Mitchell D.E. The sensory stimulus for disjunctive eye movements. Vision Research. 9:1969;749-755.
42. Wilcox L.M., Hess R.F. Scale selection for second-order (non-linear) stereopsis. Vision Research. 37:1997;2981-2992.
43. Ygge J., Zee D.S. Control of vertical eye alignment in three-dimensional space. Vision Research. 35:1995;3169-3181.