Racial and ethnic harassment and discrimination: In the eye of the beholder?

Journal of Occupational Health Psychology

Volumn 12, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 144-160

  Bergman, Mindy E ^a   Palmieri, Patrick A ^b   Drasgow, Fritz ^c   Ormerod, Alayne J ^c  

^a TEXAS A AND M UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b KENT STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

Author keywords

Ethnicity; Prejudice; Race; Racial and ethnic groups; Racial discrimination; Racial harassment

Indexed keywords

AMERICAN INDIAN; ARTICLE; ASIAN; BEHAVIOR; CAUCASIAN; CONTROLLED STUDY; ETHNICITY; FACTORIAL ANALYSIS; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MINORITY GROUP; NEGRO; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RACISM; SAMPLE; SEXUAL HARASSMENT; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY; SOLDIER; UNITED STATES;

ADULT; ATTITUDE; DATA COLLECTION; ETHNIC GROUPS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MILITARY PERSONNEL; PREJUDICE; RACE RELATIONS; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL PERCEPTION; UNITED STATES;

EID: 34247636084     PISSN: 10768998     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/1076-8998.12.2.144     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Anderson, J. C., & Gerbing, D. W. (1988). Structural equations modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 411-423.
2. Armed Forces 1996 Equal Opportunity Survey [CD-ROM]. (1999). Arlington, VA: Defense Manpower Data Center [Producer and Distributor].
3. Chan, D. (2000). Detection of differential item functioning on the Kirton Adaption-Innovation Inventory using multiple-group mean and covariance structure analyses. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 35, 169-199.
4. Civil Rights Act of 1964, Pub. L. No. 88-352, Title VII, § 701, 78 Stat. 253 (codified as amended by 42 U.S.C. §§ 2000e et seq.) (2000).
5. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
6. Cohen, J. (1992). Quantitative methods in psychology: A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 155-159.
7. Crocker, J., Major, B., & Steele, C. (1998). Social stigma. In D. T. Gilbert & S. T. Fiske (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology: Vol. 2 (4th ed., pp. 504-553). Boston: McGraw-Hill.
8. Dovidio, J. F. (1993). The subtlety of racism. Training and Development, 47, 51-57.
9. Dovidio, J. F., & Gaertner, S. L. (Eds.). (1986). Prejudice, discrimination, and racism. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
10. Dovidio, J. F., & Gaertner, S. L. (1998). On the nature of contemporary prejudice: The causes, consequences, and challenges or aversive racism. In J. L. Eberhardt & S. T. Fiske (Eds.), Continuing racism: The problem and the response (pp. 3-32). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
11. Drasgow, F., & Kanfer, R. (1985). Equivalence of psychological measurement in heterogeneous populations. Journal of Applied Psychology, 70, 662-680.
12. Edwards, J. R. (2001). Multidimensional constructs in organizational behavior research: An integrative analytical framework. Organizational Research Methods, 4, 144-192.
13. EEOC, Texaco agree on monitoring treatment of black and other minority employees. (1997, January 20). Jet, 91, 8.
14. Elig, T. W., Edwards, J. E., & Reimer, R. A. (1997). Armed Forces 1996 Equal Opportunity Survey: Administration, datasets, and codebook (Report No. 97-026). Arlington, VA: Defense Manpower Data Center. (DTIC/NTIS No. AD A365 205)
15. Essed, P. (1990). Everyday racism: Reports from women of two cultures. Claremont, CA: Hunter House.
16. Feagin, J. R. (1991). The continuing significance of race: Antiblack discrimination in public places. American Sociological Review, 56, 101-116.
17. Feagin, J. R. (1992). The continuing significance of racism. Journal of Black Studies, 22, 546-578.
18. Fiske, S. T. (1998). Stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (4th ed., vol. 2, pp. 357-411). St. Louis, MO: McGraw-Hill.
19. Fitzgerald, L. F., Magley, V. J., Drasgow, F., & Waldo, C. R. (1999). Measuring sexual harassment in the military: The Sexual Experiences Questionnaire (SEQ-DoD). Military Psychology, 10, 243-263.
20. Foust, D. (2000, May 29). Coke: Say good-bye to the good ol' boy culture (race discrimination lawsuit). Business Week, 3683, 58.
21. Gelfand, M. J., Fitzgerald, L. F., & Drasgow, F. (1995). The structure of sexual harassment: A confirmatory analysis across cultures and settings. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 47, 164-177.
22. Glater, J. D. (2005, 14 July). 2 Black truckers sue, accusing Wal-Mart of hiring bias. New York Times. Retrieved on December 15, 2005, from www.nytimes.com
23. Harrick, E. J., & Sullivan, G. M. (1995). Racial harassment: Case characteristics and employer responsibilities. Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 8, 81-95.
24. Harrington, A. (2000, July 10). Prevention is the best defense (Coca-Cola's race discrimination lawsuit). Fortune, 142, 188.
25. Hulin, C. L. (1987). A psychometric theory of evaluations of item and scale translations: Fidelity across languages. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 18, 115-142.
26. James, K. (1994). Social identity, work stress, and minority workers' health. In G. P. Keita & J. J. Hurrell, Jr. (Eds.), Job stress in a changing workforce: Investigating gender, diversity, and family issues (pp. 127-146). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
27. James, K., Lovato, C., & Khoo, G. (1994). Social identity correlates of minority workers' health. Academy of Management Journal, 37, 383-396.
28. Jones, J. M. (1997). Prejudice and racism (2nd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.
29. Jöreskog, K. G. (1971). Simultaneous factor analysis in several populations. Psychometrika, 36, 409-426.
30. Jöreskog, K. G., & Sörbom, D. (1993). New features in LISREL 8. Chicago: Scientific Software.
31. Kanter, R. M. (1977). Men and women of the corporation. New York: Basic Books.
32. Kovel, J. (1970). White racism: A psychohistory. New York: Pantheon.
33. Little, T. (1997). Mean and covariance structures (MACS) analyses of cross-cultural data: Practical and theoretical issues. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 32, 53-76.
34. Ormerod, A. J. (1999, August). Development of the Racial/Ethnic Experiences Questionnaire. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Psychological Association, Boston.
35. Ormerod, A. J., Bergman, M. E., Palmieri, P. A., Drasgow, F., & Juraska, S. E. (2001, April). Because of your race: The structure of racial ethnic harassment and discrimination in the military. In F. Drasgow (Chair), Racial/ethnic discrimination and harassment: Methodology, Measurement, and Results. Symposium conducted at the 16th Annual Conference of the Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, San Diego, CA.
36. Roberts, B. (1998, March 16). Portrait of a company behaving badly (excerpt from Roberts vs. Texaco). Time, 151, 46-47.
37. Scarville, J., Button, S. B., Edwards, J. E., Lancaster, A. R., & Elig, T. W. (1999). Armed Forces Equal Opportunity Survey (Report No. 97-027). Arlington, VA: Defense Manpower Data Center. (DTIC/NTIS No. AD A366 037).
38. Schneider, K. T., Hitlan, R. T., & Radhakrishnan, P. (2000). An examination of the nature and correlates of ethnic harassment experiences in multiple contexts. Journal of Applied Psychology, 85, 3-12.
39. Sidanius, J., & Pratto, F. (1993). The inevitability of oppression and the dynamics of social dominance. In P. Sniderman & P. Tetlock (Eds.), Prejudice, politics, and the American dilemma (pp. 173-211). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
40. Sörbom, D. (1974). A general method for studying differences in factor means and factor structures between groups. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology, 27, 229-239.
41. Steenkamp, J. E. M., & Baumgartner, H. (1998). Assessing measurement invariance in cross-national consumer research. Journal of Consumer Research, 25, 78-90.
42. Tajfel, H., & Turner, J. C. (1985). The social identity theory of intergroup behavior. In S. Worchel & W. Austin (Eds.), Psychology of intergroup relations. Chicago: Nelson-Hall.
43. Thurstone, L. L. (1938). Primary mental abilities. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
44. Turner, J. C. (1978). Social comparison, similarity, and in-group favoritism. In H. Tajfel (Ed.), Differentiation between social groups: Studies in the social psychology of intergroup relations (pp. 235-250). London: Academic Press.
45. Vandenberg, R. J., & Lance, C. E. (2000). A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature: Suggestions, practices, and recommendations for organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 3, 4-70.
46. Wheeless, S. C., Mason, R. E., Kave, J. D., Riemer, R. A., & Elig, T. W. (1997). Armed Forces 1996 Equal Opportunity Survey: Statistical methodology report (Report No. 97-025). Arlington, VA: Defense Manpower Data Center, (DTIC/NTIS No. ADA-333410).