Management of Dyslipidemia with Statins in the Patient with Peripheral Arterial Disease

Techniques in Vascular and Interventional Radiology

Volumn 9, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 50-55

  Blum, Andrew S ^a  

^a Elmhurst Memorial Healthcare   (United States)

Author keywords

atherosclerosis; dyslipidemia; peripheral arterial disease; statins

Indexed keywords

AMIODARONE; ATORVASTATIN; BILE ACID SEQUESTRANT; CERIVASTATIN; COLESTYRAMINE; CYCLOSPORIN; DILTIAZEM; EZETIMIBE; FIBRIC ACID DERIVATIVE; FLUINDOSTATIN; GEMFIBROZIL; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; MACROLIDE; MEVINOLIN; NICOTINIC ACID; PLACEBO; PRAVASTATIN; ROSUVASTATIN; SIMVASTATIN; UBIDECARENONE; VERAPAMIL;

ARTERY DISEASE; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CAROTID ARTERY BRUIT; CEREBROVASCULAR ACCIDENT; CLAUDICATION; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOSE RESPONSE; DRUG ACTIVITY; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG POTENTIATION; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; DYSLIPIDEMIA; FOOD DRUG INTERACTION; GRAPEFRUIT JUICE; HEALTH EDUCATION; HEPATITIS; HUMAN; LIVER TOXICITY; META ANALYSIS; MONOTHERAPY; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; MYALGIA; MYOPATHY; MYOSITIS; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RHABDOMYOLYSIS; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK REDUCTION; SIDE EFFECT; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW;

DYSLIPIDEMIAS; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; PERIPHERAL VASCULAR DISEASES; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 34247552799     PISSN: 10892516     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1053/j.tvir.2006.12.004     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Criqui M.H., Langer R.D., Fronek A., et al. Mortality over a period of 10 years in patients with peripheral arterial disease. N Engl J Med 326 (1992) 381-386
2. Newman A.B., Tyrrell K.S., and Kuller L.H. Mortality over four years in SHEP participants with a low ankle-arm index. J Am Geriatr Soc 45 (1997) 1472-1478
3. Hankey G.J., Norman P.E., and Eikelbloom J.W. Medical treatment of peripheral arterial disease. JAMA 295 (2006) 547-553
4. Hirsch A.T., Criqui M.H., Treat-Jacobson D., et al. Peripheral arterial disease detection, awareness, and treatment in primary care. JAMA 286 (2001) 1317-1324
5. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20,536 high-risk individuals a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 360 (2002) 7-22
6. The Lipid Research Clinics Coronary Primary Prevention Trial results. 1. Reduction in incidence of coronary heart disease. JAMA 251 3 (1984) 351-364
7. Buchwald H., Bourdages H.R., Campos C.T., et al. Impact of cholesterol reduction on peripheral arterial disease in the Program on the Surgical Control of the Hyperlipidemias (POSCH). Surgery 120 (1996) 672-379
8. Blankenhorn D.H., Azen S.P., Crawford D.W., et al. Effects of colestipolniacin therapy on human femoral atherosclerosis. Circulation 83 (1991) 438-447
9. Lewis B. Randomised controlled trial of the treatment of hyperlipidaemia on progression of atherosclerosis. Acta Med Scand 701 suppl (1985) 53-57
10. Pedersen T.R., Kjekshus J., Pyorala K., et al. Effect of simvastatin on ischemic signs and symptoms in the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Am J Cardiol 282 (1999) 2051-2057
11. Shepard J., Cobb S.M., Ford I., et al., West of Scotland Coronary Prevention Study Group. Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med 333 (1995) 1301-1307
12. Sacks F.M., Pfeffer M.A., Moye I.A., et al., Cholesterol and Recurrent Events Trial Investigators. The effect if pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 335 (1996) 1001-1009
13. Long-term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischaemic Disease (LIPID) Study Group. Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 339 (1998) 1349-1357
14. Byington R.P., Davis B.R., Plehn J.F., et al. Reduction of stroke events with pravastatin: the Prospective Pravastatin Pooling (PPP) Project. Circulation 103 (2001) 387-392
15. Third Report of the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III) final report. Circulation 106 (2002) 3143-3421
16. Grundy S.M., Cleeman J.I., Bairey C.N., et al. Implications of recent clinical trials for the national cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III Guidelines. Circulation 110 (2004) 227-239
17. Ridker P.M., Rifai N., Pfeffer M., et al. Long-term effects of pravastatin on plasma concentration of C-reactive protein. Circulation 100 (1999) 230-235
18. Ridker P.M., Cushman M., Stampfer M.J., et al. Inflammation, aspirin, and the risk of cardiovascular disease in apparently healthy men. N Engl J Med 336 (1997) 973-979
19. Ridker P.M., and Plutzky J. Statins for stroke: the second story. Circulation 103 (2001) 348-350
20. Davignon J. Beneficial cardiovascular pleiotrophic effects of statins. Circulation 109 (2004) 39-43
21. Colhoun H.M., Betteridge D.J., Durrington P.N., et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with atorvastatin in type 2 diabetes in the Collaborative Atovastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS). Lancet 364 (2004) 685-396
22. Cannon C.P., Braunwald E., McCabe C.H., et al. Pravastatin or atorvastatin evaluation and infection therapy-thrombolysis in myocardial infarction 22 investigators intensive versus moderate lipid lowering with statins after acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med 350 (2004) 1495-1504
23. LaRosa J.C., Grundy S.M., Waters D.D., et al. Treating to new targets (TNT) investigators. Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with stable coronary disease. N Engl J Med 352 (2005) 1425-1435
24. Nissen S.E., Tuzcu E.M., Schoenhagen P., et al. Effect of intensive compared with moderate lipid-lowering therapy on progression of coronary atherosclerosis: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 291 (2004) 1071-1080
25. Nissen S.E., Nicholls S.J., Sipahl I., et al. Effect of very high-intensity statin therapy on regression of coronary atherosclerosis: the ASTEROID trial. JAMA 295 (2006) 1556-1565
26. Cholesterol Treatment Trialists' (CTT) Collaborators. Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data from 90,056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins. Lancet 366 (2005) 1267-1278
27. Pasternak R.C., Smith Jr. S.C., Bailey-Merz C., et al. ACC/AHA/NHLBI clinical advisory use and safety of statins. Circulation 106 (2002) 1024-1028
28. Black D.M. A general assessment of the safety of HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins). Curr Atheroscler Rep 4 (2002) 34-41
29. Thompson P.D., Clarkson P., and Karas R.H. Statin-associated myopathy. JAMA 289 (2003) 1681-1690
30. Nawarskas J. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and coenzyme Q10. Cardiol Rev 13 (2005) 76-79
31. Baker S.K., and Tarnopolsky M.A. Statin myopathies: pathophysiologic and clinical perspectives. Clin Invest Med 24 (2001) 258-272
32. Jones P.H., and Davidson M.H. Reporting rate of rhabdomyolysis with fenofibrate + statin versus gemfibrozil + any statin. Am J Cardiol 95 (2005) 120-122
33. Expert Panel on Detection E, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults. Final report of the Expert Panel on Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Cholesterol in Adults (Adult Treatment Panel III). National Heart Blood and Lung Institute Vol. 2004, 2002
34. Wortmann R.L. Lipid lowering agents and myopathy. Curr Opin Rheumatol 14 (2002) 643-647
35. Gotto Jr. A.M. Safety and statin therapy: reconsidering the risks and benefits. Arch Intern Med 163 (2003) 657-659
36. Sudhop T., Lutjohann D., Kodal A., et al. Inhibition of intestinal cholesterol absorption by ezetimibe in humans. Circulation 106 (2002) 1943-1948
37. Graham I.M., Daly L.E., Refsum H.M., et al. Plasma homocysteine as a risk factor for vascular disease. JAMA 277 (1997) 1775-1781
38. Clarke R., Daly L., Robinson K., et al. Hyperhomocysteinemia: an independent risk factor for vascular disease. N Engl J Med 324 (1991) 1149-1155
39. Price J.F., Lee A.J., Rumley A., et al. Lipoprotein(a) and development of intermittent claudication and major cardiovascular events in men and women: the Edinburgh Artery Study. Atherosclerosis 157 (2001) 241-249
40. Valentine R.J., Grayburn P.A., Vega G.L., et al. Lp(a) lipoprotein is an independent, discriminating risk factor for premature peripheral atherosclerosis among white men. Arch Intern Med 154 (1994) 801-806
41. Tyrrell J., Cooke T., Reilly M., et al. Lipoprotein [Lp(a)] and peripheral vascular disease. J Intern Med 232 (1992) 349-352
42. Ridker P.M., Stampfer M.J., and Rifai N. Novel risk factors for systemic atherosclerosis: a comparison of C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, homocysteine, lipoprotein(a), and standard cholesterol screening as predictors of peripheral arterial disease. J Am Med Assoc 285 (2001) 2481-2485