Anticoagulation in CRRT: Agents and strategies in Australian ICUs

Australian Critical Care

Volumn 20, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 15-26

  Davies, Hugh ^a   Leslie, Gavin ^b  

^a ROYAL PERTH HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^b EDITH COWAN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Anticoagulation; Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Indexed keywords

ANTICOAGULANT AGENT;

ARTICLE; AUSTRALIA; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE UNIT; RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY;

ANTICOAGULANTS; AUSTRALIA; HUMANS; INTENSIVE CARE UNITS; RENAL REPLACEMENT THERAPY;

EID: 34247279133     PISSN: 10367314     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.aucc.2006.11.001     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Holt A.W., Bierer P., Glover P., Plummer J.L., and Bersten A.D. Conventional coagulation and thromboelastograph parameters and longevity of continuous renal replacement circuits. Intensive Care Med 28 (2002) 1649-1655
2. Stefanidis I., Hagel J., Frank D., and Maurin N. Hemostatic alterations during continuous venovenous hemofiltration in acute renal failure. Clin Nephrol 46 3 (1996) 199-205
3. Kox W.J., Rohr U., and Waurer H. Practical aspects of renal replacement therapy. Int J Artif Organs 19 (1996) 100-105
4. Tan H.K., Baldwin I., and Bellomo R. Continuous veno-venous haemofiltration without anticoagulation in high-risk patients. Intensive Care Med 26 (2000) 1652-1657
5. Davenport A. The coagulation system in the critically ill patient with acute renal failure and the effect of an extracorporeal circuit. Am J Kidney Dis 30 5 Suppl. 4 (1997) S20-S27
6. Bellomo R., and Ronco C. Anticoagulation during CRRT. In: Bellomo R., Baldwin I., Ronco C., and Golper T. (Eds). Atlas of haemofiltration (2002), W.B. Saunders, Sydney 63-68
7. Mehta R.L. Anticoagulation strategies for continuous renal replacement therapies: what works?. Am J Kidney Dis 28 5 Suppl. 3 (1996) S8-S14
8. Oudemans-van Straaten H.M., Wester J.P.J., de Pont A.C.J.M., and Schetz M. Anticoagulation strategies in continuous renal replacement therapy: can the choice be evidence based?. Intensive Care Med 32 (2006) 188-202
9. Silvester W., Bellomo R., and Cole L. Epidemiology, management and outcome of severe acute renal failure of critical illness in Australia. Crit Care Med 29 (2001) 1910-1915
10. Wright S.E., Bodenham A., Short A.I.K., and Turney J.H. The provision and practice of renal replacement therapy on adult intensive care units in the United Kingdom. Anaesthesia 58 (2003) 1063-1069
11. Shulman R.I., Singer M., and Rock J. Keeping the circuit open: lessons from the lab. Blood Purificat 20 (2002) 275-281
12. Singer M., McNally T., Screaton G., Mackie I., Machin S., and Cohen S.L. Heparin clearance during continuous veno-venous haemofiltration. Intensive Care Med 20 (1994) 212-215
13. Abramson S., and Niles J.L. Anticoagulation in continuous renal replacement therapy. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 8 (1999) 701-707
14. Schetz M. Anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 14 (2001) 143-149
15. Webb A.R., Mythen M.G., Jacobson D., and Mackie I.J. Maintaining blood flow in the extracorporeal circuit: haemostasis and anticoagulation. Intensive Care Med 21 (1995) 84-93
16. Hillman R.S., and Ault K.A. Clinical approach to bleeding disorders. Hematology in clinical practice. 3rd ed. (2002), McGraw-Hill, New York p. 308-15
17. Davenport A. Anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy. Contribut Nephrol 144 (2004) 228-238
18. Opatrny K.J., Polanska K., Krouzecky A., Vit L., Novak I., and Kasal E. The effect of heparin rinse on the biocompatibility of continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration. Int J Artif Organs 25 6 (2002) 520-528
19. Leslie G.D., Jacobs I.G., and Clarke G.M. Proximally delivered dilute heparin does not improve circuit life in continuous veno-venous haemodiafiltration. Intensive Care Med 22 (1996) 1261-1264
20. van de Wetering J., Westendrop R.G.J., van der Hoeven J.G., Stolk B., Feuth J.D.M., and Chang P.C. Heparin use in continuous renal replacement procedures: the struggle between filter coagulation and patient haemorrhage. J Am Soc Nephol 7 1 (1996) 145-150
21. Baldwin I., Tan H.K., Bridge N., and Bellomo R. A prospective study of thromboelastography (TEG) and filter life during continuous veneo-venous hemofiltration. Ren Fail 22 3 (2000) 297-306
22. Kaplan A.A., Longnecker R.E., and Folkert V.W. Continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration: a report of six month's experience. Ann Intern Med 100 (1984) 358-367
23. Ward D.M., and Mehta R.L. Extracorporeal management of acute renal failure patients at high risk of bleeding. Kidney Int 43 Suppl. 41 (1993) S237-S244
24. Martin P.Y., Chevrolet J.C., Suter P., and Favre H. Anticoagulation in patients treated by continuous venovenous hemofiltration: a retrospective study. Am J Kidney Dis 24 (1994) 806-812
25. Chong B.H. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. J Thromb Haemost 1 (2003) 1471-1478
26. Davenport A. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia during renal replacement therapy. Hemodialysis Int 8 (2004) 295-303
27. Mehta R.L., Dobos G.J., and Ward D.M. Anticoagulation in continuous renal replacement procedures. Semin Dial 5 1 (1992) 61-68
28. Kaplan A.A., and Petrillo R. Regional heparinization for continuous arterio-venous hemofiltration (CAVH). Trans Am Soc Artif Organs 33 (1987) 312-315
29. Morabito S., Guzzo I., Solazzo A., Muzi L., Luciani R., and Pierucci A. Continous renal replacement therapies: anticoagulation in the critically ill at high risk of bleeding. J Nephrol 16 (2003) 566-571
30. Bellomo R., Teede H., and Boyce N. Anticoagulant regimens in acute continuous hemodiafiltration. Intensive Care Med 19 (1993) 329-332
31. Horrow J.C. Protamine: a review of its toxicity. Anesth Analg 64 (1985) 348-361
32. Carr J.A., and Silverman N. The heparin-protamine interaction: a review. J Cardiovasc Surg 40 5 (1999) 659-666
33. Warkentin T.E., Levine M.N., Hirsh J., Horsewood P., Roberts R.S., Gent M., et al. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia in patients treated with low-molecular-weight heparin or unfractionated heparin. N Engl J Med 332 20 (1995) 1330-1335
34. Jeffrey R.F., Khan A.A., Douglas J.T., Will E.J., and Davison A.M. Anticoagulation with low molecular weight heparin (Fragmin) during continuous hemodialysis in the intensive care unit. Artif Organs 17 (1993) 717-720
35. de Pont A.C.J.M., Oudemans-vanStraaten H.M., Roozendaal K.J., and Zandstra D.F. Nadroparin versus dalteparin anticoagulation in high-volume continuous venovenous hemofiltration: a double blind, randomized, crossover study. Crit Care Med 28 (2000) 421-425
36. Reeves J.H., Cumming A.R., Gallagher L., O'Brien J.L., and Santamaria J.D. A controlled trial of low-molecular-weight heparin (dalteparin) versus unfractionated heparin as anticoagulant during continuous venovenous hemodialysis with filtration. Crit Care Med 27 10 (1999) 2224-2228
37. Joannidis M., Kountchew J., Grote A., Bellmann R., Mayr A., and Wiedermann C. Unfractionated versus low-molecular-weight heparin (enoxaparin) for anticoagulation in CVVH (abstract). Intensive Care Med 30 (2004) S155
38. Vun C.M., Evans S., and Chong B.H. Cross-reactivity study of low molecular weight heparins and heparinoid in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Thromb Res 81 5 (1996) 525-532
39. Wester J.P.J. Guidelines for anticoagulation with danaparoid sodium and lepirudin in continuous venovenous hemofiltration. Neth J Crit Care 8 4 (2004) 293-301
40. Lindhoff-Last E., Betz C., and Bauersachs R. Use of a low-molecular-weight heparinoid (Danaparoid sodium) for continuous renal replacement therapy in intensive care patients. Clin Appl Thromb/Hemost 7 4 (2001) 300-304
41. Davenport A. Anticoagulation in patients with acute renal failure treated with continuous renal replacement therapies. Hemodialysis Int 2 (1998) 41-59
42. Morgera S., Scholle C., Voss G., Haase M., Vargas-Hein O., Krausch D., et al. Metabolic complications during regional citrate anticoagulation in continuous venovenous hemodialysis: Single-center experience. Nephron Clin Pract 97 (2004) c131-c136
43. Cointault O., Kamar N., Bories P., Lavayssiere L., Angles O., Rostaing L., et al. Regional citrate anticoagulation in continuous venovenous haemodiafiltration using commercial solutions. Nephrol Dial Transplant 19 (2004) 171-178
44. Hofmann R.M., Maloney C., Ward D.M., and Becker B.N. A novel method for regional citrate anticoagulation in continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVHF). Ren Fail 24 3 (2002) 325-335
45. Kutsogiannis D.J., Mayers I., Chin W.D., and Gibney R.T. Regional citrate anticoagulation in continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration. Am J Kidney Dis 35 5 (2000) 802-811
46. Kutsogiannis D.J., Gibney R.T., Stollery D., and Gao J. Regional citrate versus systemic heparin anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement in critically ill patients. Kidney Int 67 (2005) 2361-2367
47. Mehta R.L., Mc Donald B.R., Aguilar M.M., and Ward D.M. Regional citrate anticoagulation for continuous arteriovenous hemodialysis in critically ill patients. Kidney Int 38 (1990) 976-981
48. Mitchell A., Daul A.E., Beiderlinden M., Schafers R.F., Heemann U., Kribben A., et al. A new system for regional citrate anticoagulation in continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVHD). Clin Nephrol 59 2 (2003) 106-114
49. Monchi M., Berghmans D., Ledoux D., Canivet J.L., Dubois B., and Damas P. Citrate vs. heparin for anticoagulation in continuous venovenous hemofiltration: a prospective randomized study. Intensive Care Med 30 (2004) 260-265
50. Palsson R., and Niles J.L. Regional citrate anticoagulation in continuous venovenous hemofiltration in critically ill patients with a high risk of bleeding. Kidney Int 55 (1999) 1991-1997
51. Tolwani A.J., Campbell R.C., Schenk M.B., Allon M., and Warnock D.G. Simplified citrate anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy. Kidney Int 60 (2001) 370-374
52. Bagshaw S.M., Laupland K.B., Boiteau P.J.E., and Godinez-Luna T. Is regional citrate superior to systemic heparin anticoagulation for continuous renal replacement therapy? A prospective observational study in an adult regional critical care system. J Crit Care 20 2 (2005) 155-161
53. Naka T., Egi M., Bellomo R., Cole L., French C., Botha J., et al. Commercial low-citrate anticoagulation haemofiltration in high risk patients with frequent filter clotting. Anaesth Intensive Care 33 5 (2005) 601-608
54. Tolwani A.J., Prendergast M.B., Speer R.R., Stofan B.S., and Wille K.M. A practical citrate anticoagulation continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration protocol for metabolic control and high solute clearance. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 1 1 (2006) 79-87
55. Brophy P.D., Somers M.J., Baum M.A., Symons J.M., McAfee N., Fortenberry J.D., et al. Multi-centre evaluation of anticoagulation in patients receiving continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Nephrol Dial Transplant 20 7 (2005) 1416-1421
56. Scheeren T., and Radermacher P. Prostacyclin (PG12): new aspects of an old substance in the treatment of criticall ill patients. Intensive Care Med 23 (1997) 146-158
57. Ponikvar R., Kandus A., Buturovic J., and Kveder R. Use of prostacyclin as the only anticoagulant during continuous venovenous hemofiltration. Contribut Nephrol 93 (1991) 218-220
58. Davenport A., Will E.J., and Davison A.M. Comparison of the use of standard heparin and prostacyclin anticoagulation in spontaneous and pump-driven extracorporeal circuits in patients with combined acute renal and hepatic failure. Nephron 66 (1994) 431-437
59. Fiaccadori E., Maggiore U., Rotelli C., Minari M., Melfa L., Cappe G., et al. Continuous haemofiltration in acute renal failure with prostacyclin as the sole anti-haemostatic agent. Intensive Care Med 28 (2002) 586-593
60. Langenecker S.A., Felfernig M., Werba A., Mueller C.M., Chiari A., and Zimpfer M. Anticoagulation with prostacyclin and heparin during continuous venovenous hemofiltration. Crit Care Med 22 11 (1994) 1774-1781
61. Canaud B., Mion C., Arujo A., N' Guyen V.Q., Paleyrac G., Hemmendinger S., et al. Prostacyclin (Epoprostenol) as the sole antithrombotic agent in postdilutional hemofiltration. Nephron 48 (1988) 206-212
62. Greinacher A., Volpel H., Janssens U., Hach-Wunderle V., Kemkes-Matthes B., Eichler P., et al. Recombinant hirudin (Lepirudin) provides safe and effective anticoagulation in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: a prospective study. Circulation 99 (1999) 73-80
63. Fischer K.G., van de Loo A., and Bohler J. Recombinant hirudin (lepirudin) as anticoagulant in intensive care patients treated with continuous hemodialysis. Kidney Int 56 Suppl. 72 (1999) S46-S50
64. Kern H., Ziemer S., and Kox W.J. Bleeding after intermittent or continuous r-hirudin during CVVH. Intensive Care Med 25 (1999) 1311-1314
65. Nurmohamed M.T., Berckmans R.J., Morrien-Salomons W.M., Berends F., Hommes D.W., Rijnierse J.J.M.M., et al. Monitoring anticoagulant therapy by activated partial thromboplastin time: Hirudin assessment. Thromb Haemost 72 5 (1994) 685-692
66. Potzsch B., Madlener K., Seelig C., Riess C.F., Greinacher A., and Muller-Berghaus G. Monitoring of r-hirudin anticoagulation during cardiopulmonary bypass: assessment of the whole blood ecarin clotting time. Thromb Haemost 77 5 (1997) 920-925
67. Hein O.V., von Heymann C., Lipps M., Ziemer S., Ronco C., Neumayer H., et al. Hirudin versus heparin for anticoagulation in continuous renal replacement therapy. Intensive Care Med 27 (2001) 673-679
68. Hein O.V., von Heymann C., Diehl T., Ziemer S., Ronco C., Morgera S., et al. Intermittent hirudin versus continuous heparin for anticoagulation in continuous renal replacement therapy. Ren Fail 26 3 (2004) 297-303
69. Nowak G., and Bucha E. Quantitative determination of hirudin in blood and body fluids. Semin Thromb Hemost 22 2 (1996) 197-202
70. Fischer K.G. Hirudin in renal insufficiency. Semin Thromb Hemost 28 5 (2002) 467-482
71. Frank D., Farber H., Lanzmich R., Floege J., and Kierdorf H. In vitro studies on hirudin elimination by haemofiltration: comparison of three high-flux membranes. Nephrol Dial Transplant 17 (2002) 1957-1963
72. Bernard G.R., Vincent J.L., Laterre P.F., LaRosa S.P., Dhainaut J.F., Lopez-Rodriguez A., et al. Efficacy and safety of recombinent human activated protein C for severe sepsis. N Engl J Med 344 10 (2001) 699-709
73. Abbenbroek B, Baldwin I, Boyle M, Foster M, Hunt T, Leslie GD, et al. Nursing Guidelines for the use of Xigris (drotrecogin alfa [activated] rhu). Printed by Lilly, 2004.
74. de Pont A.C.J.M., Bouman C.S.C., Jonge Ed, Vroom M.B., Buller H.R., and Levi M. Treatment with recombinant human activated protein C obviates additional anticoagulation during continuous veneovenous hemofiltration in patients with severe sepsis. Intensive Care Med 29 7 (2003) 1205
75. Uchino S., Fealy N., Baldwin I., Morimatsu H., and Bellomo R. Continuous venovenous hemofiltration without anticoagulation. Am Soc Artif Intern Organs J 50 (2004) 76-80
76. Uchino S., Fealy N., Baldwin I., Morimatsu H., and Bellomo R. Pre-dilution versus Post-dilution during continuous veno-venous hemofiltration: impact on filter and azotemic control. Nephron Clin Practice 94 (2003) c94-c98