Restoration of dry afromontane forest using pioneer shrubs as nurse-plants for Olea europaea ssp. cuspidata

Restoration Ecology

Volumn 15, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 129-138

  Aerts, Raf ^a,b   Negussie, Aklilu ^b   Maes, Wouter ^a   November, Eva ^a,b   Hermy, Martin ^a   Muys, Bart ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEUVEN   (Belgium)

^b MEKELLE UNIVERSITY   (Ethiopia)

Author keywords

Dry forest restoration; Facilitation; Rainfall; Seedling establishment; Semiarid ecosystems

Indexed keywords

DRY FOREST; FACILITATION; NURSE PLANT; RAINFALL; RESTORATION ECOLOGY; SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT; SEMIARID REGION; SHRUB; VARIANCE ANALYSIS;

AFRICA; EAST AFRICA; ETHIOPIA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA;

ACACIA; ACACIA ETBAICA; CAPRA HIRCUS; CUSPIDATA; OLEA EUROPAEA;

EID: 33947627080     PISSN: 10612971     EISSN: 1526100X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1526-100X.2006.00197.x     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. Aerts, R., E. November, I. Van der Borght, M. Behailu, M. Hermy, and B. Muys. 2006 a. Effects of pioneer shrubs on the recruitment of the fleshy-fruited tree Olea europaea ssp. cuspidata in Afromontane savanna. Applied Vegetation Science 9: 117-126.
2. Aerts, R., K. Van Overtveld, M. Haile, M. Hermy, J. Deckers, and B. Muys. 2006 b. Species composition and diversity of small Afromontane forest fragments in northern Ethiopia. Plant Ecology 187: 127-142.
3. Aerts, R., T. Wagendorp, E. November, M. Behailu, J. Deckers, and B. Muys. 2004. Ecosystem thermal buffer capacity as an indicator of the restoration status of protected areas in the northern Ethiopian highlands. Restoration Ecology 12: 586-596.
4. Aide, T. M., J. K. Zimmerman, J. B. Pascarella, L. Rivera, and H. Marcano-Vega. 2000. Forest regeneration in a chronosequence of tropical abandoned pastures: Implications for restoration ecology. Restoration Ecology 8: 328-338.
5. Altman, D. G., and J. M. Bland. 1998. Statistics notes - time to event (survival) data. British Medical Journal 317: 468-469.
6. Asefa, D. T., G. Oba, R. B. Weladji, and J. E. Colman. 2003. An assessment of restoration of biodiversity in degraded high mountain grazing lands in northern Ethiopia. Land Degradation & Development 14: 25-38.
7. Bland, J. M., and D. G. Altman. 1998. Statistics notes-survival probabilities (the Kaplan-Meier method). British Medical Journal 317: 1572.
8. Bland, J. A., and D. G. Altman. 2004. The Logrank test. British Medical Journal 328: 1073.
9. Callaway, R. M. 1992. Effect of shrubs on recruitment of Quercus douglasii and Quercus lobata in California. Ecology 73: 2118-2128.
10. Castro, J., R. Zamora, and J. A. Hódar. 2006. Restoring the forests of Quercus pyrenaica Willd. using pioneer shrubs as nurse plants. Applied Vegetation Science 9: 137-142.
11. Castro, J., R. Zamora, J. A. Hódar, and J. M. Gómez. 2002. Use of shrubs as nurse plants: A new technique for reforestation in Mediterranean mountains. Restoration Ecology 10: 297-305.
12. Castro, J., R. Zamora, J. A. Hódar, J. M. Gómez, and L. Gómez-Aparicio. 2004. Benefits of using shrubs as nurse plants for reforestation in Mediterranean mountains: A 4-year study. Restoration Ecology 12: 352-358.
13. Cusack, D., and F. Montagnini. 2004. The role of native species plantations in recovery of understory woody diversity in degraded pasturelands of Costa Rica. Forest Ecology and Management 188: 1-15.
14. De Villiers, A. J., M. W. Van Rooyen, and G. K. Theron. 2001. The role of facilitation in seedling recruitment and survival patterns, in the Strandveld Succulent Karoo, South Africa. Journal of Arid Environments 49: 809-821.
15. Duncan, R. S., and V. E. Duncan. 2000. Forest succession and distance from forest edge in an Afro-tropical grassland. Biotropica 32: 33-41.
16. Franco-Pizaña, J. G., T. E. Fulbright, D. T. Gardiner, and A. R. Tipton. 1996. Shrub emergence and seedling growth in microenvironments created by Prosopis glandulosa. Journal of Vegetation Science 7: 257-264.
17. Friis, I. 1992. Forests and forest trees of northeast tropical Africa. Royal Botanic Gardens, London, United Kingdom.
18. García, D., and J. R. Obeso. 2003. Facilitation by herbivore-mediated nurse plants in a threatened tree, Taxus baccata: local effects and landscape level consistency. Ecography 26: 739-750.
19. Gissila, T., E. Black, D. I. F. Grimes, and J. M. Slingo. 2004. Seasonal forecasting of the Ethiopian summer rains. International Journal of Climatology 24: 1345-1358.
20. Gómez-Aparicio, L., R. Zamora, J. M. Gómez, J. A. Hódar, J. Castro, and E. Baraza. 2004. Applying plant facilitation to forest restoration: A meta-analysis of the use of shrubs as nurse plants. Ecological Applications 14: 1128-1138.
21. Green, P. S. 2003. 138. Oleaceae. Pages 79-86 in I. Hedberg, S. Edwards, and S. Nemomissa, editors. Flora of Ethiopia and Eritrea Volume 4, part 1, Apiaceae to Dipsacaceae. The National Herbarium, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
22. Hardwick, K., J. Healey, S. Elliott, N. Garwood, and V. Anusarnsunthorn. 1997. Understanding and assisting natural regeneration processes in degraded seasonal evergreen forests in Northern Thailand. Forest Ecology and Management 99: 203-214.
23. Hengsdijk, H., G. W. Meijerink, and M. E. Mosugu. 2005. Modeling the effect of three soil and water conservation practices in Tigray, Ethiopia. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 105: 29-40.
24. Holmgren, M., and M. Scheffer. 2001. El Niño as a window of opportunity for the restoration of degraded arid ecosystems. Ecosystems 4: 151-159.
25. Holmgren, M., M. Scheffer, E. Ezcurra, J. R. Gutiérrez, and G. M. J. Mohren. 2001. El Niño effects on the dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 16: 89-94.
26. Holmgren, M., M. Scheffer, and M. A. Huston. 1997. The interplay of facilitation and competition in plant communities. Ecology 78: 1966-1975.
27. Lemenih, M., T. Gidyelew, and D. Teketay. 2004. Effects of canopy cover and understory environment of tree plantations on richness, density and size of colonizing woody species in Southern Ethiopia. Forest Ecology and Management 194: 1-10.
28. Lemenih, M., E. Karltun, and M. Olsson. 2005. Assessing soil chemical and physical property responses to deforestation and subsequent cultivation in smallholders farming system in Ethiopia. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 105: 373-386.
29. Lloret, F., J. Penuelas, and M. Estiarte. 2005. Effects of vegetation canopy and climate on seedling establishment in Mediterranean shrubland. Journal of Vegetation Science 16: 67-76.
30. Maestre, F. T., F. Valladares, and J. F. Reynolds. 2005. Is the change of plant-plant interactions with abiotic stress predictable? A meta-analysis of field results in arid environments. Journal of Ecology 93: 748-757.
31. Martínez-Garza, C., and H. F. Howe. 2003. Restoring tropical diversity: Beating the time tax on species loss. Journal of Applied Ecology 40: 423-429.
32. Massei, G., and S. E. Hartley. 2000. Disarmed by domestication? Induced responses to browsing in wild and cultivated olive. Oecologia 122: 225-231.
33. Mengistu, T., D. Teketay, H. Hulten, and Y. Yemshaw. 2005. The role of enclosures in the recovery of woody vegetation in degraded dryland hillsides of Central and Northern Ethiopia. Journal of Arid Environments 60: 259-281.
34. Meze-Hausken, E. 2004. Contrasting climate variability and meteorological drought with perceived drought and climate change in northern Ethiopia. Climate Research 27: 19-31.
35. Moro, M. J., F. I. Pugnaire, P. Haase, and J. Puigdefábregas. 1997. Mechanisms of interaction between a leguminous shrub and its understorey in a semi-arid environment. Ecography 20: 175-184.
36. Negash, L. 2003. Vegetative propagation of the threatened African wild olive [Olea europaea L. subsp. cuspidata (Wall. ex DC.) Ciffieri]. New Forests 26: 137-146.
37. Nyssen, J., J. Poesen, J. Moeyersons, J. Deckers, M. Haile, and A. Lang. 2004. Human impact on the environment in the Ethiopian and Eritrean highlands-a state of the art. Earth-Science Reviews 64: 273-320.
38. Peacock, C. 1996. Improving goat production in the tropics. A manual for development workers. FARM-Africa, Oxford, London, United Kindom.
39. Pugnaire, F. I., P. Haase, and J. Puigdefábregas. 1996. Facilitation between higher plant species in a semiarid environment. Ecology 77: 1420-1426.
40. Puigdefábregas, J. 1998. Ecological impacts of global change on drylands and their implications for desertification. Land Degradation & Development 9: 393-406.
41. Segele, Z. T., and P. J. Lamb. 2005. Characterization and variability of Kiremt rainy season over Ethiopia. Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics 89: 153-180.
42. Seleshi, Y., and U. Zanke. 2004. Recent changes in rainfall and rainy days in Ethiopia. International Journal of Climatology 24: 973-983.
43. Sfougaris, A. I., A. S. Nastis, and N. K. Papageorgiou. 1996. Food resources and quality for the introduced Cretan wild goat or agrimi Capra aegagrus cretica on Atalandi Island, Greece, and implications for ecosystem management. Biological Conservation 78: 239-245.
44. Siegel, S., and N. J. Castellan. 1988. Nonparametric statistics for the behavioral sciences. McGraw-Hill, New York.
45. Teketay, D. 1997. The impact of clearing and conversion of dry Afromontane forests into arable land on the composition and density of soil seed banks. Acta Oecologica 18: 557-573.
46. Teketay, D., and A. Granström. 1997. Seed viability of Afromontane tree species in forest soils. Journal of Tropical Ecology 13: 81-95.
47. Tekle, K., and T. Bekele. 2000. The role of soil seed banks in the rehabilitation of degraded hillslopes in Southern Wello, Ethiopia. Biotropica 32: 23-32.
48. Turner, I. M., and R. T. Corlett. 1996. The conservation value of small, isolated fragments of lowland tropical rain forest. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 11: 330-333.
49. Valiente-Banuet, A., and E. Ezcurra. 1991. Shade as a cause of the association between the cactus Neobuxbaumia tetetzo and the nurse plant Mimosa luisana in the Tehuacan Valley, Mexico. Journal of Ecology 79: 961-971.
50. Verdú, M., and P. García-Fayos. 2003. Frugivorous birds mediate sex-biased facilitation in a dioecious nurse plant. Journal of Vegetation Science 14: 35-42.
51. Vetaas, O. R. 1992. Micro-site effects of trees and shrubs in dry savannas. Journal of Vegetation Science 3: 337-344.
52. Vieira, D. L. M., and A. Scariot. 2006. Principles of natural regeneration of tropical dry forests for restoration. Restoration Ecology 14: 11-20.
53. Wahungu, G. M., C. P. Catterall, and M. F. Olsen. 2002. Seedling predation and growth at a rainforest-pasture ecotone, and the value of shoots as seedling analogues. Forest Ecology and Management 162: 251-260.
54. Wassie, A., and D. Teketay. 2006. Soil seed banks in church forests of northern Ethiopia: Implications for the conservation of woody plants. Flora 201: 32-43.
55. whitford,W. G., J. Anderson, and P. M. Rice. 1997. Stemflow contribution to the 'fertile island' effect in creosotebush, Larrea tridentata. Journal of Arid Environments 35: 451-457.
56. Yirdaw, E., and O. Luukkanen. 2003. Indigenous woody species diversity in Eucalyptus globulus Labill. ssp globulus plantations in the Ethiopian Highlands. Biodiversity and Conservation 12: 567-582.
57. Zeleke, G., and H. Hurni. 2001. Implications of land use and land cover dynamics for mountain resource degradation in the Northwestern Ethiopian highlands. Mountain Research and Development 21: 184-191.