Boundary element modeling of the realistic human body exposed to extremely-low-frequency (ELF) electric fields: Computational and geometrical aspects

IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility

Volumn 49, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 153-162

  González, María Cristina ^a   Peratta, Andrés ^a   Poljak, Dragan ^b  

^a WESSEX INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SPLIT   (Croatia)

Author keywords

Boundary element method (BEM); Extremely low frequencies (ELFs); Human body; Power distribution lines

Indexed keywords

BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD; CURRENT DENSITY; ELECTRIC SUBSTATIONS; POWER TRANSFORMERS;

EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCIES; HUMAN BODY; POWER DISTRIBUTION LINES;

ELECTRIC FIELD EFFECTS;

EID: 33947579181     PISSN: 00189375     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TEMC.2006.888167     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. International Non-Ionizing Radiation Committee (INRC), International Radiation Protection Association, "Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz)," Health Phys., vol. 74, no. 4, pp. 494-522, 1998.
2. N. Burais, P. Baraton, and J. Gaspard, "Numerical modelisation of induced currents in human by electromagnetic apparatus in medium frequency range," presented at the CEM98, Brest, France, Jun. 1998.
3. D. Poljak and V. Roje, "Currents induced in human body exposed to the power line electromagnetic field," in Proc. 20th Annu. Conf. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Soc., Hong Kong, China, 1998, pp. 3281-3284.
4. A. Bossavit, "Mathematical modelling of the problem of micro-currents generated in living bodies by power lines," Int. J. Appl. Electromagn. Mater., vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 291-299, 1994.
5. O. Gandhi and J. Chen, "Numerical dosimetry at power line frequencies using anatomically based models," Bioelectromagn. Suppl., vol. 1, pp. 43-60, 1992.
6. P. J. Dimbylow, "Induced currents densities from low frequency magnetic fields in a 2-mm resolution anatomic realistic model of the body," Phys. Med. Biol., vol. 43, pp. 210-230, 1998.
7. P. J. Dimbylow, "The interaction of electromagnetic fields with people for frequencies 10-100 MHz - The role of theoretical dosimetry," J. Radiol. Protection, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 43-48, 1991.
8. A. Chiba, K. Isaka, Y. Yokoi, M. Nagata, M. Kitagav, and T. Matsuo, "Application of finite element method to analysis of induced current densities inside human model exposed to 60-Hz electric field," IEEE Trans. Power App. Syst., vol. PAS-103, no. 7, pp. 1895-1901, Jul. 1984.
9. C. Brebbia, J. C. Telles, and L. C. Wrobel, Boundary Elements Techniques. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1984.
10. D. Poljak, A. Peratta, and C. A. Brebbia, "A 3D BEM modelling of human exposure to ELF electric fields," in Proc. Boundary Elements XXVII, Incorporating Elect. Eng. Electromagn. (EEUU), Orlando, FL, 2005, pp. 441-451.
11. J. Jackson, Classical Electrodynamics. New York: Wiley, 1975.
12. N. Siauve, R. Scoretti, N. Burais, L. Nicolas, and A. Nicolas, "Electromagnetic fields and human body: A new challenge for the electromagnetic field computation," COMPEL: Int. J. Comput. Math. Elect. Electron. Eng., vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 457-469, 2003.
13. R. W. P. King, "A review of analytically determined electric fields and currents induced in the human body when exposed to 50-60 Hz electromagnetics fields," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., vol. 52, no. 5, pp. 1186-1192, May 2004.
14. O. Gandhi, "Some numerical methods for dosimetry: Extremely low frequencies to microwave frequencies," Radio Sci., vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 161-177, 1995.
15. R. King and S. Sandler, "Electric fields and currents induced in organs of the human body when exposed to ELF and VLF electromagnetic fields," Radio Sci., vol. 31, pp. 1153-1167, 1996.
16. International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE), Barcelona, Spain. GID resources [Online]. Available: http:// gid.cimne.upc.es
17. R. W. P. King, "Currents and electric fields induced in the human body when the arms are raised," J. Appl. Phys., vol. 81, no. 11, pp. 7116-7128, 1997.
18. N. Kovac, D. Poljak, S. Kraljevic, and B. Jajac, "Computational of maximal electric field value generated by a power substation," presented at the 28th World Conf. Boundary Elements Other Mesh Reduction Methods (BEM-MRM 28), Skyatos, Greece, 2006.
19. Y. Saad, "SPARSKIT: A basic tool kit for sparse matrix computations," Research Institute for Advanced Computer Science, NASA Ames Res. Cent., Moffett Field, CA, Tech. Rep. RIACS-90-20, 1990.
20. Y. Saad, Iterative Methods for Sparse Linear Systems. Manchester, U.K.: Manchester Univ. Press, 1992.
21. J. Dongarra and J. Demmel, "LAPACK: A portable high performance numerical library for linear algebra," Supercomputer, vol. 8, pp. 33-38, 1991.
22. Guidelines for Limiting Exposure to Time-Varying Electric, Magnetic and Electromagnetic Fields up to 300 GHz, International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP), Munich, Germany, Apr. 1998.
23. D. Poljak and C. Brebbia, Boundary Element Method for Electrical Engineers. Southampton, U.K.: WIT Press, 2005.
24. C. Brebbia and J. Dominguez, Boundary Elements, An Introductory Course, 2nd ed. (Computational Mechanics Publications), New York: McGraw-Hill, 1992.