-
2
-
-
0022947449
-
Taxation, Health Insurance, and Market Failure in the Medical Economy
-
629
-
Mark Pauly, Taxation, Health Insurance, and Market Failure in the Medical Economy, 24 J. Econ. Literature 629, 629-75 (1986).
-
(1986)
J. Econ. Literature
, vol.24
, pp. 629-675
-
-
Pauly, M.1
-
3
-
-
30444432047
-
The Moral-Hazard Myth
-
Aug. 29
-
Malcolm Gladwell, The Moral-Hazard Myth, New Yorker, Aug. 29, 2005, at 44-49.
-
(2005)
New Yorker
, pp. 44-49
-
-
Gladwell, M.1
-
4
-
-
0000779186
-
Tax Subsidies, the Rational Demand for Insurance and the Health Care Crisis
-
155, I know of no one who argues that it is desirable for some people (with the possible exception of plutocrats like Bill Gates) to have zero coverage; the welfare argument, as far as I know, wholly relates to the incremental coverage and incremental use associated with the exclusion
-
Martin S. Feldstein & Bernard Friedman, Tax Subsidies, the Rational Demand for Insurance and the Health Care Crisis, 7 J. Pub. Econ. 155, 155-78 (1977).; I know of no one who argues that it is desirable for some people (with the possible exception of plutocrats like Bill Gates) to have zero coverage; the welfare argument, as far as I know, wholly relates to the incremental coverage and incremental use associated with the exclusion.
-
(1977)
J. Pub. Econ.
, vol.7
, pp. 155-178
-
-
Feldstein, M.S.1
Friedman, B.2
-
5
-
-
0005414763
-
The Concept of Income - Economic and Legal Aspects
-
"True" or "full" income, according to the classic Haig-Simons definition, is annual "income" consisting of all consumption during the year plus the change in net worth. Since health insurance premiums equal covered medical care consumed plus insurance administrative services consumed, they are clearly part of the total consumption that affects a person's well-being. See in (Robert M. Haig ed.)
-
"True" or "full" income, according to the classic Haig-Simons definition, is annual "income" consisting of all consumption during the year plus the change in net worth. Since health insurance premiums equal covered medical care consumed plus insurance administrative services consumed, they are clearly part of the total consumption that affects a person's well-being. See Robert M. Haig, The Concept of Income - Economic and Legal Aspects, in The Federal Income Tax (Robert M. Haig ed., 1921);
-
(1921)
The Federal Income Tax
-
-
Haig, R.M.1
-
7
-
-
33947360868
-
-
note
-
If, however, the increased revenue were to be used to finance additional public spending, the redistributive effect would depend on the nature of that spending.
-
-
-
-
8
-
-
33745135876
-
-
This approach was explicitly taken in the recent report of the President's Advisory Panel on Federal Tax Reform. See President's Advisory Panel on Federal Tax Reform
-
This approach was explicitly taken in the recent report of the President's Advisory Panel on Federal Tax Reform. See President's Advisory Panel on Federal Tax Reform, Simple, Fair and Pro-Growth: Proposals to Fix America's Tax System (2005), http://www.taxreformpanel.gov/final-report.
-
(2005)
Simple, Fair and Pro-Growth: Proposals to Fix America's Tax System
-
-
-
9
-
-
33947374870
-
On the Incidence of Tax Deductibility
-
James Buchanan and I made this point several years ago. See
-
James Buchanan and I made this point several years ago. See James M. Buchanan & Mark V. Pauly, On the Incidence of Tax Deductibility, 23 Natl'l Tax J. 157 (1970).
-
(1970)
Natl'l Tax J.
, vol.23
, pp. 157
-
-
Buchanan, J.M.1
Pauly, M.V.2
-
11
-
-
33947399392
-
-
note
-
The level of tax-excluded health care coverage is chosen to be the expected utility-maximizing policy, given the value of the exclusion to the members of the subgroup.
-
-
-
-
12
-
-
33947428077
-
-
A cafeteria plan, according to Section 125 of the tax code
-
A cafeteria plan, according to Section 125 of the tax code, I.R.C. § 125 (2000).
-
(2000)
I.R.C.
, pp. 125
-
-
-
14
-
-
0000779186
-
Tax Subsidies, the Rational Demand for Insurance and the Health Care Crisis
-
155, I know of no one who argues that it is desirable for some people (with the possible exception of plutocrats like Bill Gates) to have zero coverage; the welfare argument, as far as I know, wholly relates to the incremental coverage and incremental use associated with the exclusion
-
Feldstein & Friedman, supra note 3;
-
(1977)
J. Pub. Econ.
, vol.7
, pp. 155-178
-
-
Feldstein, M.S.1
Friedman, B.2
-
15
-
-
0022947449
-
Taxation, Health Insurance, and Market Failure in the Medical Economy
-
see also Pauly, supra note 1.
-
(1986)
J. Econ. Literature
, vol.24
, pp. 629-675
-
-
Pauly, M.1
-
16
-
-
33947357216
-
-
note
-
These provisions are still small enough to be ignored in most cases.
-
-
-
-
21
-
-
33947366476
-
Distributive Injustice(s) in American Health Care
-
7, (Autumn)
-
Clark C. Havighurst & Barak D. Richman, Distributive Injustice(s) in American Health Care, 69 Law & Contemp. Probs. 7, 42-43 (Autumn 2006).
-
(2006)
Law & Contemp. Probs.
, vol.69
, pp. 42-43
-
-
Havighurst, C.C.1
Richman, B.D.2
-
22
-
-
33947398970
-
-
note
-
It is possible that, while both high- and low-wage workers value a policy at a level greater than its cost, high-wage workers attach a higher overall value to the policy, thereby benefiting from a greater consumer surplus. That possibility is not considered here.
-
-
-
-
23
-
-
0034026093
-
Health Care is an Individual Necessity and a National Luxury: Applying Multilevel Decision Models to an Analysis of Health Care Expenditures
-
259
-
Thomas E. Getzen, Health Care is an Individual Necessity and a National Luxury: Applying Multilevel Decision Models to an Analysis of Health Care Expenditures, 19 J. Health Econ. 259, 259-70 (2000).
-
(2000)
J. Health Econ.
, vol.19
, pp. 259-270
-
-
Getzen, T.E.1
-
25
-
-
0000396130
-
Healthy Bodies and Thick Wallets: The Dual Relationship between Health and Economic Status
-
145
-
James Smith, Healthy Bodies and Thick Wallets: The Dual Relationship between Health and Economic Status, 13 J. Econ. Perspective 145, 145-66 (1999).
-
(1999)
J. Econ. Perspective
, vol.13
, pp. 145-166
-
-
Smith, J.1
-
33
-
-
33947423650
-
-
The possibility that some low-wage workers may have such low values for health insurance that they would prefer homogeneous firms not providing coverage, as well as the possibility that most firms are not homogeneous, will be dealt with later in the article. See infra
-
The possibility that some low-wage workers may have such low values for health insurance that they would prefer homogeneous firms not providing coverage, as well as the possibility that most firms are not homogeneous, will be dealt with later in the article. See infra Part IV.
-
, Issue.PART IV
-
-
-
34
-
-
33947423651
-
-
note
-
This is true unless the firm must take into account minimum wage constraints.
-
-
-
-
37
-
-
33947384689
-
-
See, e.g., Louise Sheiner, Federal Reserve Board, Health Care Costs, Wages, and Aging (1999), http://ssrn.com/abstract=165530;
-
(1999)
Federal Reserve Board, Health Care Costs, Wages, and Aging
-
-
Sheiner, L.1
-
40
-
-
33947423061
-
Health Risk, Income, and the Purchase of Private Health Insurance
-
See (Nat'l Bureau of Econ. Research, Working Paper No. 11677)
-
See M. Kate Bundorf, Mark Pauly & Bradley Herring, Health Risk, Income, and the Purchase of Private Health Insurance (Nat'l Bureau of Econ. Research, Working Paper No. 11677, 2005).
-
(2005)
-
-
Bundorf, M.K.1
Pauly, M.2
Herring, B.3
-
42
-
-
0022947449
-
Taxation, Health Insurance, and Market Failure in the Medical Economy
-
Pauly, supra note 1.
-
(1986)
J. Econ. Literature
, vol.24
, pp. 629-675
-
-
Pauly, M.1
-
43
-
-
33947356812
-
Of Once and Future Kings: The Past and Future of Employment Based Health Insurance
-
(New Am. Found., Working Paper)
-
Nichols, supra note 14, at 10.
-
(2005)
, vol.10
-
-
Nichols, L.1
-
45
-
-
0023723424
-
The Erosion of Purchased Health Insurance
-
328
-
Gail A. Jensen & Jon Gabel, The Erosion of Purchased Health Insurance, 25 Inquiry 328, 328-43 (1988).
-
(1988)
Inquiry
, vol.25
, pp. 328-343
-
-
Jensen, G.A.1
Gabel, G.2
-
48
-
-
1142304152
-
-
Kaiser Family Foundation and Health Research and Educational Trust
-
Kaiser Family Foundation and Health Research and Educational Trust, Employer Health Benefits 52 (2005).
-
(2005)
Employer Health Benefits
, pp. 52
-
-
-
50
-
-
33947367014
-
-
note
-
The minimum corresponds to the quantity of coverage at which the marginal benefit equals the marginal cost for that number of workers.
-
-
-
-
51
-
-
1142304152
-
-
Kaiser Family Foundation and Health Research and Educational Trust
-
Kaiser Family Foundation, supra note 42, at 35.
-
(2005)
Employer Health Benefits
, pp. 35
-
-
-
52
-
-
1142304152
-
-
Kaiser Family Foundation and Health Research and Educational Trust
-
Id.
-
(2005)
Employer Health Benefits
, pp. 35
-
-
-
53
-
-
33947356812
-
Of Once and Future Kings: The Past and Future of Employment Based Health Insurance
-
(New Am. Found., Working Paper). "Value" here means the amount a person is able and willing to take out of his or her budget to pay for insurance or care
-
Nichols, supra note 14, at 10. "Value" here means the amount a person is able and willing to take out of his or her budget to pay for insurance or care.
-
(2005)
, vol.10
-
-
Nichols, L.1
-
54
-
-
0036127243
-
The Fortune 500 Model for Health Care: Is Now the Time to Change?
-
This approach will usually mean a larger contribution to the more generous plan chosen by the less healthy but wealthier older workers.; See 37
-
This approach will usually mean a larger contribution to the more generous plan chosen by the less healthy but wealthier older workers.; See Alain Enthoven, The Fortune 500 Model for Health Care: Is Now the Time to Change?, 27 J. Health Pol. Pol'y & L. 37, 40 (2002).
-
(2002)
J. Health Pol. Pol'y & L.
, vol.27
, pp. 40
-
-
Enthoven, A.1
-
55
-
-
0032997390
-
Health Plan Choice: Price Elasticities in a Managed Competition Setting
-
1
-
Anne B. Royalty & Neil Solomon, Health Plan Choice: Price Elasticities in a Managed Competition Setting, 34 J. Human Res. 1, 1-41 (1999).
-
(1999)
J. Human Res.
, vol.34
, pp. 1-41
-
-
Royalty, A.B.1
Solomon, N.2
-
56
-
-
84937317985
-
Workers' Preferences Among Company Provided Health Insurance Plans
-
141
-
Melissa W. Barringer & Olivia S. Mitchell, Workers' Preferences Among Company Provided Health Insurance Plans, 48 Indus. & Labor Relations Rev. 141, 141-52 (1994).
-
(1994)
Indus. & Labor Relations Rev.
, vol.48
, pp. 141-152
-
-
Barringer, M.W.1
Mitchell, O.S.2
-
57
-
-
33244463700
-
More Employers Try Limited Health Plans
-
Jan. 17
-
Vanessa Fuhrmans, More Employers Try Limited Health Plans, Wall St. J., Jan. 17, 2006, at D1.
-
(2006)
Wall St. J.
-
-
Fuhrmans, V.1
-
59
-
-
33646074804
-
Incentive Compatible Guaranteed Reneawble Health Insurance
-
(forthcoming)
-
Bradley Herring & Mark V. Pauly, Incentive Compatible Guaranteed Reneawble Health Insurance, 25 J. Health Econ. (forthcoming 2006).
-
(2006)
J. Health Econ.
, vol.25
-
-
Herring, B.1
Pauly, M.V.2
-
60
-
-
0001649706
-
The Effect of Insurance Coverage on Breast Cancer Patients' Treatment and Hospital Choices
-
448
-
Jean M. Mitchell & Jack Hadley, The Effect of Insurance Coverage on Breast Cancer Patients' Treatment and Hospital Choices, 87 Am. Econ. Rev. 448, 452 (1997).
-
(1997)
Am. Econ. Rev.
, vol.87
, pp. 452
-
-
Mitchell, J.M.1
Hadley, J.2
-
62
-
-
33947425329
-
-
note
-
The actual amount is probably less, since the additional quality will be worth something.
-
-
-
|