Exposure to pharmaceuticals present in the environment

Drug Information Journal

Volumn 41, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 133-141

  Williams, Richard T ^a   Cook, Jon C ^a  

^a PFIZER GLOBAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT   (United States)

Author keywords

Ecotoxicology; Environmental risk assessment; Exposure; Pharmaceuticals

Indexed keywords

ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ACID; ANALGESIC AGENT; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; ANTILIPEMIC AGENT; BEZAFIBRATE; CAFFEINE; CARBAMAZEPINE; CENTRAL STIMULANT AGENT; DICLOFENAC; ESTROGEN; GEMFIBROZIL; IBUPROFEN; NAPROXEN; PARACETAMOL; SURFACE WATER; VASODILATOR AGENT;

CONFERENCE PAPER; DRUG DETERMINATION; DRUG USE; ECOTOXICITY; ECOTOXICOLOGY; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT; EVALUATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK ASSESSMENT; WASTE WATER TREATMENT PLANT; WATER ANALYSIS; WATER POLLUTANT; WATER POLLUTION;

EID: 33947251717     PISSN: 00928615     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/009286150704100202     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (11)

1. Jones OAH, Voulvoulis N, Lester JN. Potential ecological and human health risks associated with the presence of pharmaceutically active compounds in the aquatic environment. Crit Rev Toxicol. 2004;34:335-350.
2. Webb SF. A data-based perspective on the environmental risk assessment of human pharmaceuticals I-collation of available ecotoxicity data. In: Kümmerer K, ed. Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: Sources, Fate, Effects and Risks. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer; 2004:317-343.
3. Cunningham VL. Special characteristics of pharmaceuticals relating to fate. In: Kümmerer K, ed. Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: Sources, Fate, Effects and Risks. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer: 2004: 13-24.
4. Williams RT, Huggett DB, Sager JB. Human drug development and registration, including an example of how environmental safety is evaluated. In: Williams RT, ed. Human Pharmaceuticals: Assessing the Impacts on Aquatic Ecosystems. Pensacola, FL: SETAC Press; 2005:47-69.
5. Cook JC, Ericson JF, Williams RT. Comparison of therapeutic plasma levels with environmental concentrations. Paper presented at: London Ecotoxicology Workshop: Benchmarking Test Methods and Biomarker Responses; September 11-13, 2001; London.
6. Lange R, Dietrich D. Environmental risk assessment of pharmaceutical drug substances-conceptual considerations. Toxicol Lett. 2002;131: 97-104.
7. Huggett DB, Cook JC, Ericson JE, Williams RT. Theoretical model for prioritizing potential impacts of human pharmaceuticals to fish. Hum Ecol Risk Assess. 2003;9:1789-1799.
8. Huggett DB, Cook JC, Ericson JE, Williams RT. Plasma concentrations of human pharmaceuticals as a prediction of pharmacological responses in fish. In: Kümmerer K, ed. Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: Sources, Fate, Effects and Risks. 2nd ed. Berlin: Springer; 2004;373-386.
9. Huggett DB, Benson WH, Chipman K, et al. Role of mammalian data in determining pharmaceutical responses in aquatic species. In: Williams RT, ed. Human Pharmaceuticals: Assessing the Impacts on Aquatic Ecosystems. Pensacola, FL: SETAC Press; 2005:149-181.
10. Versteeg DJ, Adler AC, Cunningham VL, et al. Environmental exposure modeling and monitoring of human pharmaceutical concentrations in the environment. In: Willams RT, ed. Human Pharmaceuticals: Assessing the Impacts on Aquatic Ecosystems. Pensacola, FL: SETAC Press; 2005:303-311.
11. Hutchinson T, Kummerer T, Servos MR, Williams RT. Overview of research needs to improve the science supporting environmental stewardship of human pharmaceuticals. In: Williams RT, ed. Human Pharmaceuticals: Assessing the Impacts on Aquatic Ecosystems. Pensacola, FL: SETAC Press; 2005:303-311.