Evidence for methyl nitrite as an exhaust component from engines with certain fuels

Proceedings of the Air and Waste Management Association's Annual Conference and Exhibition, AWMA

Volumn 4, Issue , 2006, Pages 2429-2440

  Joseph, Peter M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Asthma; Biodiesel; Diesel; DME; Exhaust; Japan; MTBE; Nitrite; NOy; Ozone; Sensitivity

Indexed keywords

EID: 33847773334     PISSN: 10526102     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (46)

1. GOSS, L. M.; Mortensen, C. D.; Blake, T. A., Rotationally resolved spectroscopy of the n8 band of cis-methyl nitrite. Journal of Molecular Spectroscopy 2004, 225, (2), 182-188.
2. Seinfeld, J. H.; Pandis, S. N., Atmospheric chemistry and physics: from air pollution to climate change. Wiley: New York, 1998; p xxvii, 1326 p.
3. Jonsson, A.; Bertilsson, B. M., Formation of methyl nitrite in engines fueled with gasoline/methanol and methanol/diesel. Environmental Science and Technology 1982, 16, (2), 106-10.
4. Hoekman, S. K., Speciated measurements and calculated reactivities of vehicle exhaust emissions from conventional and reformulated gasolines. Environmental Science and Technology 1992, 26, (6), 1206-16.
5. Kirchstetter, T. W.; Singer, B. C.; Harley, R. A.; Kendall, G. R.; Hesson, J. M., Impact of California Reformulated Gasoline on Motor Vehicle Emissions. 2. Volatile Organic Compound Speciation and Reactivity. Environmental Science and Technology 1999, 33, (2), 329-336.
6. Joseph, P. M. In New hypotheses for MTBE combustion products, Annual Meeting & Exhibition Proceedings CD-ROM - Air & Waste Management Association, 92nd, St. Louis, MO, United States, June 20-24, 1999; pp 3148-3158. paper # 99-885
7. Heywood, J. B., Internal combustion engine fundamentals. McGraw-Hill: New York, 1988; p xxix, 930 p., [2] p. of plates.
8. Brocard, J. C.; Baronnet, F.; O'Neal, H. E., Chemical kinetics of the oxidation of methyl tert-buryl ether (MTBE). Combustion and Flame 1983, 52, (1), 25-35.
9. Bohm, H.; Baronnet, F.; El Kadi, B., Comparative modelling study on the inhibiting effect of TAME, ETBE and MTBE at low temperature. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 2000, 2, (9), 1929-1933.
10. Batt, L., The gas-phase decomposition of alkoxy radicals. International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 1979, 11, (9), 977-93.
11. Batt, L., Reactions of alkoxy and alkyl peroxy radicals. International Reviews in Physical Chemistry 1987, 6, (1), 53-90.
12. Wallington, T. J.; Hoard, J. W.; Andersen, M. P. S.; Hurley, M. D.; Nakano, Y.; Kawasaki, M., Formation of Methyl Nitrite and Methyl Nitrate during Plasma Treatment of Diesel Exhaust. Environmental Science and Technology 2003, 37, (18), 4242-4245.
13. Joseph, P. M.; Weiner, M. G., Visits to physicians after the oxygenation of gasoline in Philadelphia. Arch Environ Health 2002, 57, (2), 137-54.
14. Finlayson-Pitts, B. J.; Pitts, J. N., Jr.; Lloyd, A. C., Comment on \"A study of the stability of methanol-fueled vehicle emissions in Tedlar bags\". Environmental Science and Technology 1992, 26, (8), 1668-70.
15. Batt, L.; Alvarado-Salinas, G.; Reid, I. A. B.; Robinson, C.; Smith, D. B., The pyrolysis of dimethyl ether and formaldehyde. Symposium (International) on Combustion, [Proceedings] 1982, 19th, 81-7.
16. Kajitani, S.; Chen, Z., Fundamental research on next generation fuel (dimethyl ether) engines. Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research 2003, 62, (1&2), 133-144.
17. Du, Y.; Ren, Y.; Mangelson, N. F.; Eatough, D. J.; Cooper, J. A. In Enhanced formation of sulfate and nitrate associated with the use of oxygenated fuels, Proceedings, Annual Meeting - Air & Waste Management Association, 1997; 1997; pp WP68B05/1-WP68B05/15.
18. Wax, P. M.; Huffman, R. S., Methemoglobinemia: an occupational hazard of phenylpropanolamine production. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol 1994, 32, (3), 299-303.
19. Gimmelman, G. A.; Neumann, M. B., The Influence of Methyl Nitrite on the Oxidation of Methane and Ethane. Acta Physicochimica URSS 1937, 7, (2), 221-246.
20. 5) nitrites in rats. Fundam Appl Toxicol 1987, 8, (1), 101-6.
21. Slovak, A. J. M.; Hill, R. N., Human Exposure to Methyl Nitrite Gas. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 1981, 23, (12), 857-858.
22. Adams, W. G., Toxicity of methyl nitrite. Trans. Ass. Industr. Med. Offrs. 1964, 14, 24-5.
23. Moolenaar, R. L.; Hefflin, B. J.; Ashley, D. L.; Middaugh, J. P.; Etzel, R. A., Methyl tertiary butyl ether in human blood after exposure to oxygenated fuel in Fairbanks, Alaska. Arch Environ Health 1994, 49, (5), 402-9.
24. White, M. C.; Johnson, C. A.; Ashley, D. L.; Buchta, T. M.; Pelletier, D. J., Exposure to methyl tertiary-butyl ether from oxygenated gasoline in Stamford, Connecticut. Arch Environ Health 1995, 50, (3), 183-9.
25. Haverkos, H. W.; Dougherty, J. A. Health hazards of nitrite inhalants; Natl. Inst. Drug Abuse, Rockville, MD, USA.: 1988; p 126 pp.
26. Haverkos, H. W.; Dougherty, J., Health hazards of nitrite inhalants. Am J Med 1988, 84, (3 Pt 1), 479-82.
27. Nakatani, S.; Marwick, T. H.; Lever, H. M.; Thomas, J. D., Resting echocardiographic features of latent left ventricular outflow obstruction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Am J Cardiol 1996, 78, (6), 662-7.
28. Moya, M. P.; Gow, A. J.; Califf, R. M.; Goldberg, R. N.; Stamler, J. S., Inhaled ethyl nitrite gas for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn. Lancet 2002, 360, (9327), 141-3.
29. Dax, E. M.; Lange, W. R.; Jaffe, J. H., Allergic reactions to amyl nitrite inhalation. Am J Med 1989, 86, (6 Pt 1), 732.
30. Tornqvist, M.; Rannug, U.; Jonsson, A.; Ehrenberg, L., Mutagenicity of methyl nitrite in Salmonella typhimurium. Mutat Res 1983, 117, (1-2), 47-54.
31. Joseph, P., Is urban asthma caused by methyl tertiary butyl ether (MTBE)? Arch Environ Health 2000, 55, (1), 69-71.
32. Webber, M. P.; Carpiniello, K. E.; Oruwariye, T.; Appel, D. K., Prevalence of asthma and asthma-like symptoms in inner-city elementary schoolchildren. Pediatr Pulmonol 2002, 34, (2), 105-11.
33. Nicholas, S. W.; Jean-Louis, B.; Ortiz, B.; Northridge, M.; Shoemaker, K.; Vaughan, R.; Rome, M.; Canada, G.; Hutchinson, V., Addressing the childhood asthma crisis in Harlem: the Harlem Children's Zone Asthma Initiative. Am J Public Health 2005, 95, (2), 245-9.
34. McLean, D. E.; Bowen, S.; Drezner, K.; Rowe, A.; Sherman, P.; Schroeder, S.; Redlener, K.; Redlener, I., Asthma among homeless children: undercounting and undertreating the underserved. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2004, 158, (3), 244-9.
35. Brito, A.; Wurm, G.; Delamater, A. M.; Grus, C. L.; Lopez-Hernandez, C.; Applegate, E. B.; Wanner, A., School-based identification of asthma in a low-income population. Pediatr Pulmonol 2000, 30, (4), 297-301.
36. Mellinger-Birdsong, A. K.; Powell, K. E.; Iatridis, T.; Bason, J., Prevalence and impact of asthma in children, Georgia, 2000. Am J Prev Med 2003, 24, (3), 242-8.
37. Mangione, S.; Elia, J.; Bauer, N., Asthma prevalence among inner-city schoolchildren: a survey of 12 Philadelphia middle schools. Chest 1999, 116, S301-302.
38. Cunningham, J.; Dockery, D. W.; Speizer, F. E., Race, asthma, and persistent wheeze in Philadelphia schoolchildren. Am J Public Health 1996, 86, (10), 1406-9.
39. Avol, E. L.; Navidi, W. C.; Rappaport, E. B.; Peters, J. M., Acute effects of ambient ozone on asthmatic, wheezy, and healthy children. Res Rep Health Eff Inst 1998, (82), iii, 1-18; discussion 19-30.
40. Hajat, S.; Anderson, H. R.; Atkinson, R. W.; Haines, A., Effects of air pollution on general practitioner consultations for upper respiratory diseases in London. Occup Environ Med 2002, 59, (5), 294-9.
41. Hajat, S.; Haines, A.; Goubet, S. A.; Atkinson, R. W.; Anderson, H. R., Association of air pollution with daily GP consultations for asthma and other lower respiratory conditions in London. Thorax 1999, 54, (7), 597-605.
42. Buchdahl, R.; Parker, A.; Stebbings, T.; Babiker, A., Association between air pollution and acute childhood wheezy episodes: prospective observational study. Bmj 1996, 312, (7032), 661-5.
43. Buchdahl, R.; Willems, C. D.; Vander, M.; Babiker, A., Associations between ambient ozone, hydrocarbons, and childhood wheezy episodes: a prospective observational study in south east London. Occup Environ Med 2000, 57, (2), 86-93.
44. Mapp, C. E.; Corona, P. C.; De Marzo, N.; Fabbri, L., Persistent asthma due to isocyanates. A follow-up study of subjects with occupational asthma due to toluene diisocyanate (TDI). Am Rev Respir Dis 1988, 137, (6), 1326-9.
45. Nielsen, G. D., Mechanisms of activation of the sensory irritant receptor by airborne chemicals. Crit Rev Toxicol 1991, 21, (3), 183-208.
46. Shusterman, D., Review of the upper airway, including olfaction, as mediator of symptoms. Environ Health Perspect 2002, 110 Suppl 4, 649-53.