Development of a 2.45-GHz local exposure system for in vivo study on ocular effects

IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques

Volumn 55, Issue 3, 2007, Pages 588-595

  Wake, Kanako ^a,b   Hongo, Hiroyuki ^c   Watanabe, Soichi ^a,b   Taki, Masao ^a,d   Kamimura, Yoshitsugu ^a,e   Yamanaka, Yukio ^b   Uno, Toru ^a,c   Kojima, Masami ^f   Hata, Ikuho ^f   Sasaki, Kazuyuki ^f  

^a IEEE   (Japan)

^b NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY   (Japan)

^c TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Japan)

^d TOKYO METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^e UTSUNOMIYA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^f KANAZAWA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Cataract; Eye; Microwave; Ocular effect; Specific absorption rate (SAR); Temperature

Indexed keywords

BIOHEAT EQUATION; CATARACT; EYE; HIGH-INTENSITY EXPOSURE; POWER DENSITY; SPECIFIC ABSORPTION RATE (SAR);

BANDWIDTH; COMPUTERIZED TOMOGRAPHY; FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD; MAMMALS; MICROWAVES; TIME DOMAIN ANALYSIS; X RAYS;

VISION;

EID: 33847770785     PISSN: 00189480     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TMTT.2006.890531     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. A. W. Guy, J. C. Lin, P. O. Kramar, and A. F. Emery, "Effects of 2450-MHz radiation on the rabbit eye," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. MTT-23, no. 6, pp. 492-498, Jun. 1975.
2. H. A. Kues, L. W. Hirst, G. A. Lutty, S. A. D'Anna, and G. R. Dunkelberger, "Effects of 2450-MHz microwaves on primate corneal endothelium," Bioelectromagnetics, vol. 6, pp. 177-188, 1985.
3. Y. Kamimura, K. Saito, T. Saiga, and Y. Amemiya, "Effects of 2.45 GHz microwave irradiation on monkey eyes," IEICE Trans. Commun., vol. E77, pp. 762-765, 1994.
4. J. A. Elder, "Ocular effects of radiofrequency energy," Bioelectromagn. Suppl., vol. 6, pp. 148-161, 2003.
5. ICNIRP, "Guidelines for limiting exposure to time-varying electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields (up to 300 GHz)," Health Phys., vol. 74, no. 4, pp. 494-522, 1998.
6. "Limits of human exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in the frequency range from 3 kHz to 300 GHz - Safety code 6," Minister Public Works and Govern. Service, CITY, PROVINCE, Canada, 1999.
7. K. Wake, H. Hongo, S. Watanabe, Y. Yamanaka, M. Taki, Y. Kamimura, T. Uno, M. Kojima, I. Hata, and K. Sasaki, "Localized exposure system of 2.45 GHz microwave to the rabbit eye," presented at the URSI Gen. Assembly, 2002, KA.P.6.
8. M. Kojima, I. Hata, K. Wake, S. Watanabe, Y. Yamanaka, Y. Kamimura, M. Taki, and K. Sasaki, "Influence of anesthesia on ocular effects and temperature in rabbit eyes exposed to microwaves," Bioelectromagnetics, vol. 25, pp. 228-233, 2004.
9. A. Taflove, Advances in Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain Method. Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1998.
10. Y. Okano, K. Ito, I. Ida, and M. Takahashi, "The SAR evaluation method by a combination of thermographic experiments and biological tissue-equivalent phantoms," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 48, no. 11, pp. 2094-2103, Nov. 2000.
11. C. Gabriel, "Compilation of the dielectric properties of body tissues at RF and microwave frequencies," Brooks Air Force Base, Brooks AFB, TX, Tech. Rep. AL/OE-TR-1996-0037, 1996.
12. C. K. Chou, K. W. Chan, J. A. McDougall, and A. W. Guy, "Development of a rat head exposure system for simulating human exposure to RF fields from handheld wireless telephones," Bioelectromagnetics, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 75-92, 1999.
13. G. Mur, "Absorbing boundary conditions for the finite-difference approximation of the time-domain electromagnetic-field equations," IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., vol. EMC-23, no. 4, pp. 377-382, Nov. 1981.
14. IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with Respect to Human Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz, IEEE Standard C95.1-1991, 1991.
15. P. Bernardi, M. Cavagnaro, S. Pisa, and E. Piuzzi, "SAR distribution and temperature increase in an anatomical model of the human eye exposed to the field radiated by the user antenna in wireless LAN," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., vol. 46, no. 12, pp. 2074-2082, Dec. 1998.
16. A. Hirata, S. Matsuyama, and T. Shiozawa, "Temperature rises in the human eye exposed to EM waves in the frequency range 0.6-6 GHz," IEEE Trans. Electromagn. Compat., vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 386-393, Nov. 2000.