메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue SUPPL. 6, 2003, Pages

Ocular Effects of Radiofrequency Energy

Author keywords

Cataracts; Cornea; Human studies; Microwaves; Retina

Indexed keywords

OPHTHALMOLOGY;

EID: 1242269125     PISSN: 01978462     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/bem.10117     Document Type: Conference Paper
Times cited : (94)

References (68)
  • 1
    • 0015395191 scopus 로고
    • Microwave lens effects in humans
    • Appleton B, McCrossan GC. 1972. Microwave lens effects in humans. Arch Ophthal 88:259-262.
    • (1972) Arch Ophthal , vol.88 , pp. 259-262
    • Appleton, B.1    McCrossan, G.C.2
  • 2
    • 0016390487 scopus 로고
    • Investigation of single exposure microwave ocular effects at 3000 MHz
    • Appleton B, Hirsch SE, Brown PVK. 1975a. Investigation of single exposure microwave ocular effects at 3000 MHz. Ann NY Acad Sci 247:125-134.
    • (1975) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.247 , pp. 125-134
    • Appleton, B.1    Hirsch, S.E.2    Brown, P.V.K.3
  • 4
    • 0024558033 scopus 로고
    • A model of the temperature rise in the head due to magnetic resonance imaging procedures
    • Athey TW. 1989. A model of the temperature rise in the head due to magnetic resonance imaging procedures. Magn Reson Med 9:177-184.
    • (1989) Magn Reson Med , vol.9 , pp. 177-184
    • Athey, T.W.1
  • 5
    • 0015734578 scopus 로고
    • Lenticular and retinal changes secondary to microwave exposure
    • Aurell E, Tengroth B. 1973. Lenticular and retinal changes secondary to microwave exposure. Acta Ophthalmologica 51:764-771.
    • (1973) Acta Ophthalmologica , vol.51 , pp. 764-771
    • Aurell, E.1    Tengroth, B.2
  • 6
    • 2442427636 scopus 로고
    • Thermal and nonthermal cataractogenesis by microwaves
    • Cleary SF, editor. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Bureau of Radiological Health (BRH/DBE 70-2). NTIS PB 193 898
    • Baille HD. 1970. Thermal and nonthermal cataractogenesis by microwaves. In: Cleary SF, editor. Biological effects and health implications of microwave radiation. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, Bureau of Radiological Health (BRH/DBE 70-2). NTIS PB 193 898. pp 59-65.
    • (1970) Biological Effects and Health Implications of Microwave Radiation , pp. 59-65
    • Baille, H.D.1
  • 10
    • 0018565648 scopus 로고
    • Ocular effects of microwave radiation
    • Carpenter RL. 1979. Ocular effects of microwave radiation. Bull NY Acad Med 55:1048-1057.
    • (1979) Bull NY Acad Med , vol.55 , pp. 1048-1057
    • Carpenter, R.L.1
  • 11
    • 2442522604 scopus 로고
    • Opacities in the lens of the eye experimentally induced by exposure to microwave radiation
    • Carpenter RL, Biddle DK, Van Ummersen CA. 1960. Opacities in the lens of the eye experimentally induced by exposure to microwave radiation. IRE Trans Med Electron 7:152-157.
    • (1960) IRE Trans Med Electron , vol.7 , pp. 152-157
    • Carpenter, R.L.1    Biddle, D.K.2    Van Ummersen, C.A.3
  • 12
    • 0016390488 scopus 로고
    • Use of a dielectric lens for experimental microwave irradiation of the eye
    • Carpenter RL, Hagan GJ, Ferri ES. 1975. Use of a dielectric lens for experimental microwave irradiation of the eye. Ann NY Acad Sci 247:142-154.
    • (1975) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.247 , pp. 142-154
    • Carpenter, R.L.1    Hagan, G.J.2    Ferri, E.S.3
  • 14
    • 0020179067 scopus 로고
    • Effects of continuous and pulsed chronic microwave exposure on rabbits
    • Chou C-K, Guy AW, McDougall JA, Han L-F. 1982. Effects of continuous and pulsed chronic microwave exposure on rabbits. Radio Sci 17(Number 5S):185S-193S.
    • (1982) Radio Sci , vol.17 , Issue.NUMBER 5S
    • Chou, C.-K.1    Guy, A.W.2    McDougall, J.A.3    Han, L.-F.4
  • 16
    • 0013857598 scopus 로고
    • Lenticular changes in microwave workers: A statistical study
    • Cleary SF, Pasternak BS. 1966. Lenticular changes in microwave workers: A statistical study. Arch Environ Health 12:23-29.
    • (1966) Arch Environ Health , vol.12 , pp. 23-29
    • Cleary, S.F.1    Pasternak, B.S.2
  • 19
    • 18244391493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical aspects of radiofrequency radiation overexposure
    • IEEE Committee on Man and Radiation (COMAR)
    • COMAR. 2002. Medical aspects of radiofrequency radiation overexposure. IEEE Committee on Man and Radiation (COMAR). Health Phys 82:387-391.
    • (2002) Health Phys , vol.82 , pp. 387-391
  • 24
    • 0342808257 scopus 로고
    • Special senses
    • Elder JA, Cahill DF, editors. Washington, DC 20460: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA-600/8-83-026F). (available from National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161, Report #PB-85-120-848)
    • Elder JA. 1984. Special senses. In: Elder JA, Cahill DF, editors. Biological effects of radiofrequency radiation. Washington, DC 20460: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA-600/8-83-026F). pp 5-64-5-78. (available from National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161, Report #PB-85-120-848).
    • (1984) Biological Effects of Radiofrequency Radiation , pp. 564-578
    • Elder, J.A.1
  • 26
    • 84939709829 scopus 로고
    • Chronic, low-level exposure of rabbits to microwaves
    • Johnson CC, Shore ML, editors. Rockville, MD: HEW Publication (FDA) 77-8010
    • Ferri ES, Hagan GJ. 1976. Chronic, low-level exposure of rabbits to microwaves. In: Johnson CC, Shore ML, editors. Biological effects of electromagnetic waves. Vol. 1. Rockville, MD: HEW Publication (FDA) 77-8010. pp 129-142.
    • (1976) Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Waves , vol.1 , pp. 129-142
    • Ferri, E.S.1    Hagan, G.J.2
  • 28
    • 0021951741 scopus 로고
    • Data analysis reveals significant microwave-induced eye damage in humans
    • Frey AH. 1985. Data analysis reveals significant microwave-induced eye damage in humans. J Microwave Power 20: 53-55.
    • (1985) J Microwave Power , vol.20 , pp. 53-55
    • Frey, A.H.1
  • 29
    • 85153549993 scopus 로고
    • Report to Office of Naval Research (Contract No. N00014-67-A-0103-0025) (available from National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161, Report #AD-A007-521, 39 pages)
    • Guy AW, Lin JC, Kramar PO, Emery AF. 1974. Quantification of microwave radiation effects on the eyes of rabbits at 2450 and 918 MHz. Report to Office of Naval Research (Contract No. N00014-67-A-0103-0025) (available from National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161, Report #AD-A007-521, 39 pages).
    • (1974) Quantification of Microwave Radiation Effects on the Eyes of Rabbits at 2450 and 918 MHz
    • Guy, A.W.1    Lin, J.C.2    Kramar, P.O.3    Emery, A.F.4
  • 31
    • 0018867988 scopus 로고
    • Long-term 2450-MHz CW microwave irradiation of rabbits: Methodology and evaluation of ocular and physiologic effects
    • Guy AW, Kramar PO, Harris CA, Chou CK. 1980. Long-term 2450-MHz CW microwave irradiation of rabbits: Methodology and evaluation of ocular and physiologic effects. J Microw Power 15:37-44.
    • (1980) J Microw Power , vol.15 , pp. 37-44
    • Guy, A.W.1    Kramar, P.O.2    Harris, C.A.3    Chou, C.K.4
  • 32
    • 84939360548 scopus 로고
    • Relative cataractogenic potencies of two microwave frequencies (2.45 and 10 GHz)
    • Johnson CC, Shore ML, editors. Rockville, MD: HEW Publication (FDA) 77-8010
    • Hagan GJ, Carpenter RL. 1976. Relative cataractogenic potencies of two microwave frequencies (2.45 and 10 GHz). In: Johnson CC, Shore ML, editors. Biological effects of electromagnetic waves. Vol. 1. Rockville, MD: HEW Publication (FDA) 77-8010. pp 143-155.
    • (1976) Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Waves , vol.1 , pp. 143-155
    • Hagan, G.J.1    Carpenter, R.L.2
  • 33
    • 0017760386 scopus 로고
    • Ocular medical surveillance on microwave and laser workers
    • Hathaway JA, Stern N, Soles EM, Leighton E. 1977. Ocular medical surveillance on microwave and laser workers. J Occup Med 19:683-688.
    • (1977) J Occup Med , vol.19 , pp. 683-688
    • Hathaway, J.A.1    Stern, N.2    Soles, E.M.3    Leighton, E.4
  • 34
    • 0034313168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature rises in the human eye exposed to EM waves in the frequency range 0.6-6 GHz
    • Hirata A, Matsuyama S, Shiozawa T. 2000. Temperature rises in the human eye exposed to EM waves in the frequency range 0.6-6 GHz. IEEE Trans Electromagn Compatibility 42: 386-393.
    • (2000) IEEE Trans Electromagn Compatibility , vol.42 , pp. 386-393
    • Hirata, A.1    Matsuyama, S.2    Shiozawa, T.3
  • 35
    • 0036881785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SAR and temperature increase in the human eye induced by obliquely incident plane wave
    • Hirata A, Watanabe H, Shiozawa T. 2002. SAR and temperature increase in the human eye induced by obliquely incident plane wave. IEEE Trans Electromagn Compatibility 44:592-594.
    • (2002) IEEE Trans Electromagn Compatibility , vol.44 , pp. 592-594
    • Hirata, A.1    Watanabe, H.2    Shiozawa, T.3
  • 37
    • 0021132062 scopus 로고
    • Microwave cataract in radiolinemen and controls
    • Hollows FC, Douglas JB. 1984. Microwave cataract in radiolinemen and controls. Lancet 2(8399):406-407.
    • (1984) Lancet , vol.2 , Issue.8399 , pp. 406-407
    • Hollows, F.C.1    Douglas, J.B.2
  • 38
    • 0030065177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraocular melanoma linked to occupations and chemical exposures
    • Holly EA, Aston DA, Ahn DK, Smith AH. 1996. Intraocular melanoma linked to occupations and chemical exposures. Epidemiology 7:55-61.
    • (1996) Epidemiology , vol.7 , pp. 55-61
    • Holly, E.A.1    Aston, D.A.2    Ahn, D.K.3    Smith, A.H.4
  • 41
    • 0028444913 scopus 로고
    • Effect of 2.45 GHz microwave irradiation on monkey eyes
    • Kamimura Y, Saito K, Saiga T, Amemiya Y. 1994. Effect of 2.45 GHz microwave irradiation on monkey eyes. IEICE Trans Commun E77-B:762-765.
    • (1994) IEICE Trans Commun , vol.E77-B , pp. 762-765
    • Kamimura, Y.1    Saito, K.2    Saiga, T.3    Amemiya, Y.4
  • 43
    • 0016593054 scopus 로고
    • The ocular effects of microwaves on hypothermic rabbits: A study of micro-wave cataractogenic mechanisms
    • Kramar PO, Harris C, Guy AW, Emery AF. 1975. The ocular effects of microwaves on hypothermic rabbits: A study of micro-wave cataractogenic mechanisms. Ann NY Acad Sci 247: 155-165.
    • (1975) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.247 , pp. 155-165
    • Kramar, P.O.1    Harris, C.2    Guy, A.W.3    Emery, A.F.4
  • 44
    • 2442517659 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of microwave cataractogenesis in rabbits
    • Johnson CC, Shore ML, editors. Rockville, MD: HEW Publication (FDA) 77-8010
    • Kramar PO, Harris C, Guy AW, Emery AF. 1976. Mechanism of microwave cataractogenesis in rabbits. In: Johnson CC, Shore ML, editors. Biological effects of electromagnetic waves. Vol. 1. Rockville, MD: HEW Publication (FDA) 77-8010. pp 49-60.
    • (1976) Biological Effects of Electromagnetic Waves , vol.1 , pp. 49-60
    • Kramar, P.O.1    Harris, C.2    Guy, A.W.3    Emery, A.F.4
  • 45
    • 0018017218 scopus 로고
    • Acute microwave irradiation and cataract formation in rabbits and monkeys
    • Kramar P, Harris C, Emery AF, Guy AW. 1978. Acute microwave irradiation and cataract formation in rabbits and monkeys. J Microw Power 13:239-249.
    • (1978) J Microw Power , vol.13 , pp. 239-249
    • Kramar, P.1    Harris, C.2    Emery, A.F.3    Guy, A.W.4
  • 46
    • 85037507114 scopus 로고
    • Final report submitted to the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, December 1993, 100 pages (MIPR No. 92MM2600)
    • Kues HA, Monahan JC. 1993. High-peak-power microwaves: Health hazard assessment. Final report submitted to the U.S. Army Medical Research and Development Command, December 1993, 100 pages (MIPR No. 92MM2600).
    • (1993) High-Peak-Power Microwaves: Health Hazard Assessment
    • Kues, H.A.1    Monahan, J.C.2
  • 48
    • 0026679241 scopus 로고
    • Increased sensitivity of the non-human primate eye to microwave radiation following ophthalmic drug treatment
    • Kues HA, Monahan JC, D'Anna SA, McLeod DS, Lutty GA, Koslov S. 1992. Increased sensitivity of the non-human primate eye to microwave radiation following ophthalmic drug treatment. Bioelectromagnetics 13:379-393.
    • (1992) Bioelectromagnetics , vol.13 , pp. 379-393
    • Kues, H.A.1    Monahan, J.C.2    D'Anna, S.A.3    McLeod, D.S.4    Lutty, G.A.5    Koslov, S.6
  • 50
    • 0027366562 scopus 로고
    • Visual abnormalities associated with high-energy microwave exposure
    • Lim JI, Fine SL, Kues HA, Johnson MA. 1993. Visual abnormalities associated with high-energy microwave exposure. Retina 13: 230-233.
    • (1993) Retina , vol.13 , pp. 230-233
    • Lim, J.I.1    Fine, S.L.2    Kues, H.A.3    Johnson, M.A.4
  • 52
    • 0014364917 scopus 로고
    • Investigations on the effect of microwaves on the eye
    • Majewska K. 1968. Investigations on the effect of microwaves on the eye. Pol Med J 7:989-994.
    • (1968) Pol Med J , vol.7 , pp. 989-994
    • Majewska, K.1
  • 54
    • 0020525191 scopus 로고
    • Absence of deleterious effects of chronic microwave radiation on the eyes of Rhesus monkeys
    • McAfee RD, Ortiz-Lugo R, Bishop R, Gordon R. 1983. Absence of deleterious effects of chronic microwave radiation on the eyes of Rhesus monkeys. Ophthalmology 90:1243-1245.
    • (1983) Ophthalmology , vol.90 , pp. 1243-1245
    • McAfee, R.D.1    Ortiz-Lugo, R.2    Bishop, R.3    Gordon, R.4
  • 55
    • 0015642597 scopus 로고
    • Radio-frequency energy: A hazard to workers?
    • Odland LT. 1973. Radio-frequency energy: A hazard to workers? Ind Med Surg 42:23-26.
    • (1973) Ind Med Surg , vol.42 , pp. 23-26
    • Odland, L.T.1
  • 58
    • 0016772271 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of possible microwave-induced lens changes in the United States Air Force
    • Shacklett DE, Tredici TJ, Epstein DL. 1975. Evaluation of possible microwave-induced lens changes in the United States Air Force. Aviat Space Environ Med 46:1403-1406.
    • (1975) Aviat Space Environ Med , vol.46 , pp. 1403-1406
    • Shacklett, D.E.1    Tredici, T.J.2    Epstein, D.L.3
  • 59
    • 0023941577 scopus 로고
    • Corneal temperature changes induced by high-field-strength MR imaging with a head coil
    • Shellock FG, Crues JV. 1988. Corneal temperature changes induced by high-field-strength MR imaging with a head coil. Radiology 167:809-811.
    • (1988) Radiology , vol.167 , pp. 809-811
    • Shellock, F.G.1    Crues, J.V.2
  • 64
    • 0016588169 scopus 로고
    • Computation of the electromagnetic fields and induced temperatures within a model of the microwave-irradiated human eye
    • Taflove A, Brodwin ME. 1975. Computation of the electromagnetic fields and induced temperatures within a model of the microwave-irradiated human eye. IEEE Trans Microwave Theory Tech MTT-23:888-896.
    • (1975) IEEE Trans Microwave Theory Tech MTT , vol.23 , pp. 888-896
    • Taflove, A.1    Brodwin, M.E.2
  • 65
    • 0016952884 scopus 로고
    • Effects of microwave radiation on the lens epithelium in the rabbit eye
    • Van Ummersen CA, Cogan FC. 1976. Effects of microwave radiation on the lens epithelium in the rabbit eye. AMA Arch Ophthalmol 94:828-834.
    • (1976) AMA Arch Ophthalmol , vol.94 , pp. 828-834
    • Van Ummersen, C.A.1    Cogan, F.C.2
  • 66
    • 0016390483 scopus 로고
    • Ascorbic acid changes in cultured rabbit lenses after microwave irradiation
    • Weiter JJ, Finch ED, Schultz W, Frattali V. 1975. Ascorbic acid changes in cultured rabbit lenses after microwave irradiation. Ann NY Acad Sci 247:175-181.
    • (1975) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.247 , pp. 175-181
    • Weiter, J.J.1    Finch, E.D.2    Schultz, W.3    Frattali, V.4
  • 67
    • 0022290586 scopus 로고
    • Comments on Frey's "Data analysis reveals significant microwave-induced eye damage in humans"
    • Wike EL, Martin EJ. 1985. Comments on Frey's "Data analysis reveals significant microwave-induced eye damage in humans." J Microwave Power 20:181-184.
    • (1985) J Microwave Power , vol.20 , pp. 181-184
    • Wike, E.L.1    Martin, E.J.2
  • 68
    • 0016593057 scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructural changes in the rabbit lens induced by microwave radiation
    • Williams RJ, McKee A, Finch ED. 1975. Ultrastructural changes in the rabbit lens induced by microwave radiation. Ann NY Acad Sci 247:166-174.
    • (1975) Ann NY Acad Sci , vol.247 , pp. 166-174
    • Williams, R.J.1    McKee, A.2    Finch, E.D.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.