Routine endometrial sampling of asymptomatic premenopausal women shedding normal endometrial cells in Papanicolaou tests is not cost effective

Cancer

Volumn 111, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 26-33

  Kapali, Malathy ^a   Agaram, Narasimhan P ^a   Dabbs, David ^a   Kanbour, Anisa ^a   White, Susan ^a   Austin, R Marshall ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

Author keywords

Asymptomatic; Normal endometrium; Not cost effective; Papanicolaou test; Premenopause

Indexed keywords

ADULT; CANCER SCREENING; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; ENDOMETRIUM; ENDOMETRIUM CARCINOMA; FEMALE; HISTOLOGY; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MENSTRUAL CYCLE; PAPANICOLAOU TEST; PREMENOPAUSE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SAMPLING; SCREENING TEST;

ADULT; BIOPSY; COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; ENDOMETRIAL NEOPLASMS; ENDOMETRIUM; FEMALE; HUMANS; MIDDLE AGED; PREMENOPAUSE; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; VAGINAL SMEARS;

EID: 33847136286     PISSN: 0008543X     EISSN: 10970142     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/cncr.22424     Document Type: Review

References (42)

1. Jemal A, Thomas A, Murray T, Thun M. Cancer statistics, 2002. CA Cancer J Clin. 2002;52:23-47.
2. American Cancer Society. 2000 Cancer Statistics. CA Cancer J Clin. 2000;50:1-64.
3. Burk JR, Lehman HF, Wolf FS. Inadequacy of Papanicolaou smears in the detection of endometrial cancer. N Eng J. Med. 1974:291:191-192.
4. Gusberg SB, Miland C. Detection of endometrial cancer and its precursors. Cancer. 1981;47:1173-1175.
5. Ng AB, Regan JW, Hawliczek S, Wentz BW. Significance of endometrial cells in the detection of endometrial carcinoma and its precursors. Acta Cytol. 1974;18:356-361.
6. Gondos B, King EB. Significance of endometrial cells in cervicovaginal smears. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1977;7:486-490.
7. Gray JA, Nguyen GK. Cytologic detection of Endometrial pathology by Pap smears. Diagn Cytopathol. 1999;20:181-182.
8. Kurman RJ, Solomon D. The Bethesda system for reporting cervical/vaginal cytologic diagnosis. Definitions, Criteria and Explanatory notes for Terminology and Specimen adequacy, New York: Springer-Verlag; 1994.
9. Cheriks RC, Patten SF Jr., Andrews TJ, Dickson JC, Patten FW. Significance of normal endometrial cells detected by cervical cytology. Obstet Gynecol. 1988;71:242-244.
10. Yancey M, Magelssen D, Demaurez A, Lee RB. Classification of endometrial cells on cervical cytology. Obstet Gynecol. 1990;76:1000-1005.
11. Montz FJ. Significance of "normal" endometrial cells in cervical cytology from asymptomatic postmenopausal women receiving hormone replacement therapy. Gynecol Oncol. 2001;81:33-39.
12. Ng AB. The cellular detection of endometrial carcinoma and its precursors. Gynecol Oncol. 1974;2:162-179.
13. Papillo JL, St John TL. The effect of Bethesda 2001 on laboratory statistics. [abstract]. Acta Cytol. 2002;46:923.
14. Bean S, Connolly K, Roberson J, et al. Incidence and clinical significance of morphologically benign appearing endometrial cells in patients age 40 years and older. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol). 2006;108:39-44.
15. Papillo JL, Harmon ML, Mount SL, et al. Reporting of endometrial cells in women 40-50 results in increased endometrial biopsies with low yield, [abstract]. Acta Cytol. 2004;48:677-678.
16. Mitchell H, Giles G, Medley G. Accuracy and survival benefit of cytologic prediction of endometrial carcinoma on routine cervical smears. Int J Gynecol Pathol 1993;12:34-40.
17. Thrall MJ, Kjeldhal KS, Savik K, et al. Significance of benign endometrial cells in Papanicolaou tests from women >40 years. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol). 2005;105:207-216.
18. Browne TJ, Genest DR, Cibas ES. The clinical significance of benign appearing endometrial cells on a Papanicolaou test in women 40 years or older. Am J Clin Pathol. 2005;124:834-837.
19. Greenspan DL, Cardillo M, Davey DD, Heller DS, Moriarty AT. Endometrial cells in cervical cytology. Review of cytological features and clinical assessment. J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2006;10:111-122.
20. Zucker PK, Kasdon EJ, Feldstein ML. The validity of Pap smear parameters as predictors of endometrial pathology in menopausal women. Cancer. 1985;56:2256-2263.
21. Cibas ES. Cervical and vaginal cytology. In: Cibas ES, Ducatman BS, eds. Cytology: Diagnostic Principles and Clinical Correlates. Edinburgh, Scotland: Saunders; 2003:52-54.
22. Ely Ka, Bregman S, Arnott CK. Clinical significance of reporting endometrial cells in patients over the age of 40 and its influence on the decision to biopsy. [abstract]. Acta Cytol. 2004;48:678.
23. Kurella S, Gupta C, Mazzara PF. Clinical significance of the presence of cytologically benign endometrial cells in Papanicolaou smears in women age 40 and above: experience at a community hospital. [abstract]. Mod Pathol. 2004;17:73A.
24. Simsir A, Carter W, Elgert P, et al. Reporting of endometrial cells in women 40 years and older. Assessing the clinical usefulness of Bethesda 2001. Am J Clin Pathol 2005;123:571-575.
25. Long KD, Biscotti C. An analysis of the Bethesda System 2001 guideline for reporting benign endometrial cells. Acta Cytol. 2004;48:676-677.
26. Saad RS, Mahdavy M, Takei H, et al. Endometrial cells in cervical specimens of women >40 years of age. Acta Cytol. 2004;48:678-679.
27. Liu W, Barrow MJ, Spitler MF, et al. Normal exfoliation of endometrial cells in premenopausal women. Acta Cytol. 1963;7:211-214.
28. Saroda VR, Rader AE, Rose PG, Rodriguez M, Abdul Karim FW. Significance of cytologically normal endometrial cells in cervical smears from postmenopausal women. Acta Cytol. 2001;45:153-156.
29. Vooji GP, Vander Graff Y, Vooijs MA. The presence of endometrial cells in cervical smears in relation to the day of the menstrual cycle and the method of contraception. Acta Cytol. 1987;31:427-433.
30. Wu HH, Schuetz MJ III, Cramer H. Significance of benign endometrial cells in Pap smears from postmenopausal women. J Reprod Med. 2001;46:795-798.
31. Du Beshter B, Warshol DO, Angel C, et al. Endometrial carcinoma: The relevance of cervical cytology. Obstet Gynecol. 1991;77:458-462.
32. Fadare O, Ghofrani M, Chacho MS, Parkash V. The significance of benign endometrial cells in cervicovaginal smears. Adv Anat Pathol. 2005;12:274-287.
33. Henry MR. The Bethesda System 2001: an update of new terminology for Gynecologic cytology. Clin Lab Med. 2003;23:585-603.
34. nd ed. New York: Springer-Verlag: 2004:57-65.
35. Tezuka F, Mamiki T, Higashiiwai H. Observer variability in endometrial cytology using k statistics. J Cin Pathol. 1992;45:292-294.
36. Chang BS, Browne TJ, Cibas Es, et al. Benign appearing endometrial cell (BEMC) in women >40 years age: did Bethesda revision influence the biopsy rate and the detection of endometrial cancer? [abstract]. Mod Pathol. 2004;17:64A.
37. Guidos BJ, Selvaggi SM. Detection of endometrial adenocarcinomna with the Thinprep Pap test. Diagn Cytopathol. 2000;23:260-265.
38. Papaefthimiou M, Symiakaki H, Mentzelopoulou P, et al. Study on the morphology and reproducibility of the diagnosis of endometrial lesions using liquid based cytology. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol). 2005;105:56-64.
39. Herzberg AJ, Raso D, Silverman JF. Colour atlas of normal cytology. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingston; 1999:317.
40. Johnson TL, Kini SR. Endometrial metaplasia as a source of atypical glandular cells in cervicovaginal smears. Diagn Cytopathol. 1996;14:25-31.
41. Gomez-Fernandez CR, Ganjei-Azar P, Capote-Dishaw J, Averette HE, Nadji M. Reporting normal endometrial cells in Pap smears: An Outcome Appraisal. Gynec Onc. 1999;74:381-384.
42. Schorge JO, Hossein Saboorian M, Hynan L, Ashfaq R. ThinPrep detection of cervical and endometrial adenocarcinoma: a retrospective cohort study. Cancer. 2002;96:338-343.