Course and outcome of major depressive disorder in non-referred adolescents

Journal of Affective Disorders

Volumn 99, Issue 1-3, 2007, Pages 191-201

  Essau, Cecilia A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ROEHAMPTON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Adolescents; Comorbidity; Course and outcome; Major depressive disorder

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; AUTOMATION; COMORBIDITY; COMPOSITE INTERNATIONAL DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEW; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; DISEASE COURSE; FEMALE; HUMAN; INTERVIEW; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MALE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR; SUICIDE; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADOLESCENT; ALCOHOLISM; CHILD OF IMPAIRED PARENTS; CHRONIC DISEASE; COMORBIDITY; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER, MAJOR; DIAGNOSIS, COMPUTER-ASSISTED; FEMALE; FOLLOW-UP STUDIES; GERMANY; HEALTH SURVEYS; HUMANS; INTERNET; INTERVIEW, PSYCHOLOGICAL; LIFE CHANGE EVENTS; MALE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT (HEALTH CARE); STATISTICS; SUBSTANCE-RELATED DISORDERS; SUICIDE, ATTEMPTED;

EID: 33847018863     PISSN: 01650327     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2006.09.010     Document Type: Article

References (64)

1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Fourth edition (DSM-IV) (1994), American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC
2. Anderson J.C., and McGee R. Comorbidity of depression in children and adolescents. In: Reynolds W.M., and Johnston H.F. (Eds). Handbook of Depression in Children and Adolescents (1994), Plenum Press, New York 581-601
3. Armsden G.C., and Greenberg M.T. The inventory of parent and peer attachment: individual differences and their relationship to psychological well-being in adolescence. J. Youth Adolesc 16 (1987) 427-453
4. Asarnow J.R., Goldstein M.J., Carlson G.A., Perdue S., Bates S., and Keller J. Childhood-onset depressive disorders: a follow-up study of rates of rehospitalization and out-of-home placement among child psychiatric inpatients. J. Affect. Disord. 15 (1988) 245-253
5. Beardslee W.R., Keller M.B., Lavori P.W., Staley J., and Sacks N. The impact of parental affective disorder on depression in offspring: a longitudinal follow-up in a nonreferred sample. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 32 (1993) 723-730
6. Berney T., Bhate S., Kolvin I., Famuyiwa O., Barrett M., Fundudis T., and Tyrer S. The context of childhood depression: the Newcastle childhood depression project. Br. J. Psychiatry 159 (1991) 28-35
7. Bird H.R., and Gould M.S. The use of diagnostic instruments and global measures of functioning in child psychiatry epidemiological studies. In: Verhulst F.C., and Koot H.M. (Eds). The epidemiology of child and adolescent psychopathology (1995), Oxford University Press, Oxford pp. 86-103
8. Bird H.R., Andrews H., Schwab-Stone M., Goodman S., Dulcan M., Richters J., Rubio-Stipec M., Moore R.E., Chians P.-H., Hoven C., Canino G., Fisher P., and Gould M.S. Global measures of impairment for epidemiologic and clinical use with children and adolescents. Int. J. Methods Psychiatr. Res. 6 (1996) 295-307
9. Birmaher B., Arbelaez C., and Brent D. Course and outcome of child and adolescent major depressive disorder. Child Adolesc. Psychiatr. Clin. N. Am. 11 (2002) 619-637
10. Birmaher B., Bridge J.A., Williamson D.E., Brent D.A., Dahl R.E., Axelson D.A., Dorn L.D., and Ryan N.D. Psychosocial functioning in youths at high risk to develop major depressive disorder. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 43 (2004) 839-846
11. Chinet L., Plancherel B., Bolognini M., Bernard M., Laget J., Daniele G., and Halfon O. Substance use and depression. Comparative course in adolescents. Eur. Child Adolesc. Psychiatry 15 (2006) 149-155
12. Cohen P., Cohen J., Kasen S., Velez C.N., Hartmark C., Johnson J., Rojas M., Brook J., and Streuning E.L. An epidemiologic study of disorders in late childhood and adolescence: I. Age- and gender-specific prevalence. J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry 34 (1993) 851-867
13. Cummings E.M., and Davies P.T. Families, Conflict, and Conflict Resolution: The Children's Perspective (1994), Guilford, New York
14. Derogatis L.R. SCL-90-R, Administration, Scoring and Procedures Manual (1977), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
15. Dunn V., and Goodyer I.M. Longitudinal investigation into childhood - an adolescence-onset depression: psychiatric outcome in early adulthood. Br. J. Psychiatry 188 (2006) 216-222
16. Essau C.A. Angst und Depression bei Jugendlichen [anxiety and depression in adolescents]. Habilitationschrift (2000), University of Bremen, Germany
17. Essau C.A. Comorbidity of anxiety disorders in adolescents. Depress. Anxiety 18 (2003) 1-6
18. Essau C.A. Use of mental health services among adolescents with anxiety and depressive disorders. Depress. Anxiety 22 (2005) 130-137
19. Essau C.A., and Wittchen H.-U. An overview of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Int. J. Methods Psychiatr. Res. 3 (1993) 79-85
20. Essau C.A., Petermann F., and Conradt J. Depressive Symptome und Syndrome bei Jugendlichen. Z. Klin. Psychol. Psychopathologie und Psychother. 44 (1996) 150-157
21. Essau C.A., Groen G., Conradt J., Turbanisch U., and Petermann F. Reliabilität und Validität der SCL-90-R: Ergebnisse der Bremer Jugendstudie. Z. Differ. Diagn. Psychol. 22 (2001) 139-152
22. Feehan M., McGee R., Nada-Raja S., and Williams S.M. DSM-III-R disorders in New Zealand 18-year-olds. Aust. N. Z. J. Psychiatry 28 (1994) 87-99
23. Fleming J.E., Boyle M.H., and Offord D.R. The outcome of adolescent depression in the Ontario child health study follow-up. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 32 (1993) 28-33
24. Fombonne E., Wostear G., Cooper V., Harrington R., and Rutter M. The Maudsley long-term follow-up of child and adolescent depression: I. Psychiatric outcomes in adulthood. Br. J. Psychiatry 179 (2001) 210-217
25. Garber J., Kriss M.R., Koch M., and Lindholm L. Recurrent depression in adolescents: a follow-up study. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 27 (1988) 49-54
26. Geller B., Zimmerman B., Williams M., Bolhofner K., and Craney J.L. Adult psychosocial outcome of prepubertal major depressive disorder. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 40 (2001) 673-677
27. Giaconia R.M., Reinherz H.Z., Paradis A.D., Hauf A.M.C., and Stashwick C.K. Major depression and drug disorders in adolescence: general and specific impairments in early adulthood. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 40 (2001) 1426-1433
28. Goodyer I.M., Herbert J., Secher S.M., and Pearson J. Short-term outcome of major depression: I. Comorbidity and severity at presentation as predictors of persistent disorder. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 36 (1997) 179-187
29. Goodyer I.M., Herbert J., Tamplin A., and Altham P.M. Recent live events, cortisols, dehydroepiandrosterone and the onset of major depression in high-risk adolescents. Br. J. Psychiatry 177 (2000) 499-504
30. Hammen C., and Brennan P.A. Severity, chronicity, and timing of maternal depression and risk for adolescent offspring diagnoses in a community sample. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 60 (2003) 253-258
31. Hammen C., and Rudolph K. Childhood depression. In: Mash E.J., and Barkley R.A. (Eds). Child psychopathology (1996), Guilford Press, New York 153-195
32. Hammen C., Burge D., Burney E., and Adrian C. Longitudinal study of diagnoses in children of women with unipolar and bipolar affective disorder. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 47 (1990) 1112-1117
33. Harrington R., Fudge H., Rutter M., Pickles A., and Hill J. Adult outcomes of childhood and adolescent depression: I. Psychiatric status. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 47 (1990) 465-473
34. Hart K.M., Bryer J.B., and Martines K.A. SCL-90-R symptom patterns for adolescent psychiatric inpatients. J. Pers. Assess 56 (1991) 168-178
35. Harter S. Manual: Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents (1988), University of Denver, Denver, CO
36. Hollon S.D., Shelton R.C., Wisniewski S., Waden D., Biggs M.M., Friedman E.S., Husain M., Kupfer D.J., Nierenberg A.A., Petersen T.J., Shores-Wilson K., and Rush A.J. Presenting characteristics of depressed outpatients as a function of recurrence: preliminary findings from the STAR*D clinical trail. J. Psychiatr. Res. 40 (2006) 59-69
37. Klein D.N., Lewinsohn P.M., Seeley J.R., and Rohde P. A family study of major depressive disorder in a community sample of adolescents. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 58 (2001) 13-20
38. Knapp M., McCrone P., Fombonne E., Beecham J., and Wostear G. The Maudsley long-term follow-up of child and adolescent depression. Br. J. Psychiatry 180 (2002) 19-23
39. Kovacs M., Feinberg T.L., Crouse-Novak M., Paulauskas S.L., and Finkelstein R. Depressive disorders in childhood: I. A longitudinal prospective study of characteristics and recovery. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 41 (1984) 229-237
40. Kovacs M., Gatsonis C., Paulauskas S.L., and Richards C. Depressive disorders in childhood: IV. A longitudinal study of comorbidity with and risk for anxiety disorders. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 46 (1989) 776-782
41. Kovacs M., Goldston D., and Gatsonis C. Suicidal behaviors and childhood-onset depressive disorders: a longitudinal investigation. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 32 (1993) 8-20
42. Lewinsohn P.M., Hops H., Roberts R.E., Seeley J.R., and Andrews J.A. Adolescent psychopathology: I. Prevalence and incidence of depression and other DSM-III-R disorder in high school students. J. Abnorm. Psychology 102 (1993) 133-144
43. Lewinsohn P.M., Clarke G.N., Seeley J.R., and Rohde P. Major depression in community adolescents: age at onset, episode duration, and time to recurrence. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 33 (1994) 809-818
44. Lewinsohn P.M., Rohde P., and Seeley J.R. Adolescent psychopathology: III. The clinical consequences of comorbidity. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 34 (1995) 510-519
45. McCauley E., Myers K., Mitchell J., Caleron R., Schloredt K., and Treder R. Depression in young people. Initial presentation and clinical course. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 32 (1993) 714-722
46. McGough J., and Curry J.F. Utility of the SCL-90-R with depressed and conduct-disordered adolescent inpatients. J. Pers. Assess 59 (1992) 552-563
47. Pine D.S., Cohen P., Gurley D., Brook J., and Ma Y. The risk for early-adulthood anxiety and depressive disorders in adolescents with anxiety and depressive disorders. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 55 (1998) 56-64
48. Puig-Antich J., Lukens E., Davies M., Goetz D., Brennan-Quattrock J., and Todak G. Psychosocial functioning in prepubertal children with major depressive disorders: I. Interpersonal relationships during the depressive episode. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry 42 (1985) 500-507
49. Rao U., Ryan N.D., Birmaher B., Dahl R.E., Williamson D.E., Kaufman J., Rao R., and Nelson B. Unipolar depression in adolescents: clinical outcome in adulthood. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 34 (1995) 566-578
50. Reinherz H.Z., Stewart-Berghauer G., Pakiz B., Frost A.K., Moeykens B.A., and Holmes W.M. The relationship of early risk and current mediators to depressive symptomatology in adolescence. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 28 (1989) 942-947
51. Reinherz H.Z., Giaconia R.M., Pakiz B., Silverman A.B., Frost A.K., and Lefkowitz E.S. Psychosocial risks for major depression in late adolescence: a longitudinal study. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 36 (1993) 1155-1163
52. Reinherz H.Z., Giaconia R.M., Silverman A.B., Friedman A., Pakiz B., Frost A.K., and Cohen E. Early psychosocial risks for adolescent suicidal ideation and attempts. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 34 (1995) 599-611
53. Reinherz H.Z., Giaconia R.M., Hauf A.M.C., Wasserman M.S., and Silverman A.B. Major depression in the transition to adulthood: risks and impairments. J. Abnorm. Psychology 108 (1999) 500-510
54. Rohde P., Lewinsohn P.M., and Seeley J.R. Are adolescents changed by an episode of major depression?. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 33 (1994) 1289-1298
55. Sanford M., Szatmari P., Spinner M., Muroe-Blum H., Jamieson E., Walsh C., and Jones D. Predicting the one-year course of adolescent major depression. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 34 (1995) 1618-1628
56. Stein D., Williamson D.E., Birmaher B., et al. Parent-child bonding and family functioning in depressed children and children at high risk and low risk for future depression. J. Am. Acad. Child Adolesc. Psych. 39 (2000) 1387-1395
57. Teasdale J.D. Cognitive vulnerability to persistent depression. Cogn. Emot 2 (1988) 247-274
58. Weisz J.R., Sweeny L., Proffitt V., and Carr T. Control-related beliefs and self-reported depressive symptoms in late childhood. J. Abnorm. Psychology 3 (1993) 411-418
59. Williams J.M.G., Crane C., Barnhofer T., Van der Does A.J.W., and Segal Z.V. Recurrence of suicidal ideation across depressive episodes. J. Affect. Disord. 91 (2006) 189-194
60. Wittchen H.-U., and Pfister H. DIA-X-Manual: Instrumentsmanual zur Durchführung von DIA-X-Interviews [DIA-X-manual: Manual for the Administration of DIA-X-Interviews] (1997), Swets & Zeitlinger, Frankfurt
61. Wittchen H.-U., Essau C.A., von Zerssen D., Krieg C., and Zaudig M. Lifetime and six-month prevalence of mental disorders in the Munich follow-up study. Eur. Arch. Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 241 (1992) 247-258
62. Wittchen H.-U., Nelson C.B., and Lachner G. Prevalence of mental disorders and psychosocial impairments in adolescents and young adults. Psychol. Med. 28 (1998) 109-126
63. Wittchen H.-U., Robins L.N., Cottler L., Sartorius N., Burke J., and Regier D. Cross-cultural feasibility, reliability and sources of variance of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)-Results of the multicenter WHO/ADAMHA Field Trials (wave I). Br. J. Psychiatry 159 (1991) 645-653
64. Wittchen H.-U., Lachner G., Wunderlich U., and Pfister H. Test-retest reliability of the computerized DSM-IV version of the Munich-Composite International Diagnostic Interview (M-CIDI). Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 33 11 (1998) 568-578