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On the bases of the dimensions of the fabricated microheater (see the Experimental section) and the resistivity of the metal (2.35 × 10 -8 or 12.9 × 10-8 Ω m for Au or Cr, respectively, the generated heat (q) at the heater at V, 4.5 V was estimated to be q, 0.018 J s-1. Assuming the thermal conductivity (kglass, ∼1 W K-1 m-1 at room temperature) and the thickness of the glass substrate used (dx, ∼0.17 mm, the q value and the area of the heater (A, 3 × 10-8 m2) gave the solution temperature in the microchannel to be ∼100°C on the basis of Fourier's law. In the experiments, cooling of both solution and glass substrate takes place efficiently, so that the actual solution temperature should be much lower than 100°C
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16 or FC-72 phase, respectively. We anticipate that further optimization of the experimental conditions (channel dimension, channel surface treatment, and so on) will achieve separation of the solution into two phases.
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