Emotional Schemas and Resistance to Change in Anxiety Disorders

Cognitive and Behavioral Practice

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 36-45

  Leahy, Robert L ^a  

^a American Institute for Cognitive Therapy   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANXIETY DISORDER; ARTICLE; COGNITIVE THERAPY; DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURE; EMOTION; EXPOSURE; FEAR; HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; THINKING; TREATMENT INDICATION; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREATMENT REFUSAL;

EID: 33846674525     PISSN: 10777229     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpra.2006.08.001     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Badura A. Theoretical and empirical exploration of the similarities between emotional numbing in posttraumatic stress disorder and alexithymia. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 17 (2003) 349-360
2. Blackledge J.T., and Hayes S.C. Emotion regulation in acceptance and commitment therapy. Journal of Clinical Psychology 57 (2001) 243-255
3. Bogels S.M., and Mansell W. Attention processes in the maintenance and treatment of social phobia: Hypervigilance, avoidance and self-focused attention. Clinical Psychology Review 24 (2004) 827-856
4. In: Clark D.A. (Ed). Intrusive Thoughts in Clinical Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment (2004), The Guilford Press, New York
5. Clohessy S., and Ehlers A. PTSD symptoms, response to intrusive memories and coping in ambulance service workers. British Journal of Clinical Psychology 38 (1999) 251-265
6. Culhane S.E., and Watson P.J. Alexithymia, irrational beliefs, and the rational-emotive explanation of emotional disturbance. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive Behavior Therapy 21 (2003) 57-72
7. Dugas M.J., Buhr K., and Ladouceur R. The role of intolerance of uncertainty in the etiology and maintenance of generalized anxiety disorder. In: Heimberg R.G., Turk C.L., and Mennin D.S. (Eds). Generalized Anxiety Disorder: Advances in Research and Practice (2004), The Guilford Press, New York 143-163
8. Dunmore E., Clark D.M., and Ehlers A. Cognitive factors involved in the onset and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after physical or sexual assault. Behaviour Research and Therapy 37 (1999) 809-829
9. Ehlers A., and Clark D.M. A cognitive model of posttraumatic stress disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy 38 (2000) 319-345
10. Ehlers A., Clark D.M., Dunmore E., Jaycox L., Meadows E., and Foa E.B. Predicting response to exposure treatment in PTSD: The role of mental defeat and alienation. Journal of Traumatic Stress 11 (1998) 457-471
11. Eizaguirre A.E., Saenz de Cabezon A.O., Alda I.O.d., Olariaga L.J., and Juaniz M. Alexithymia and its relationships with anxiety and depression in eating disorders. Personality & Individual Differences 36 (2004) 321-331
12. Foa E.B., and Kozak M.J. Emotional processing of fear: Exposure to corrective information. Psychological Bulletin 99 (1986) 20-35
13. In: Gilbert P., and Andrews B. (Eds). Shame: Interpersonal behavior, Psychopathology, and Culture (1998), Oxford University Press, London
14. Hayes S.C., Luoma J.B., Bond F.W., Masuda A., and Lillis J. Acceptance and commitment therapy: Model, processes and outcomes. Behaviour Research and Therapy 44 (2006) 1-25
15. Leahy, R. L. (2001a, November). Emotional schemas in cognitive therapy. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Philadelphia, PA.
16. Leahy R.L. Overcoming Resistance in Cognitive Therapy (2001), The Guilford Press, New York
17. Leahy R.L. A model of emotional schemas. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 9 (2002) 177-190
18. Leahy, R. L. (2002b, November). A model of emotional schemas. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Reno, NV.
19. Leahy R.L. Emotional schemas and resistance. In: Leahy R.L. (Ed). Roadblocks in Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: Transforming Challenges into Opportunities for Change (2003), The Guilford Press, New York 91-115
20. Leahy, R. L. (2003b, September). Metacognition, emotional schemas and personality disorders. Paper presented at the European Association of Cognitive and Behavioral Psychotherapy, Prague, Czech Republic.
21. Leahy R.L., and Holland S.J. Treatment Plans and Interventions for Depression and Anxiety Disorders (2000), The Guilford Press, New York
22. Leahy, R. L., & Kaplan, D. (2004, November). Emotional schemas and relationship adjustment. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Advancement of Behavior Therapy, New Orleans, LA.
23. Leung A.W., and Heimberg R.G. Homework compliance, perceptions of control, and outcome of cognitive-behavioral treatment of social phobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy 34 5-6 (1996) 423-432
24. Linehan M.M. Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder (1993), The Guilford Press, New York
25. Lundh L.-G., Johnsson A., Sundqvist K., and Olsson H. Alexithymia, memory of emotion, emotional awareness, and perfectionism. Emotion 2 (2002) 361-379
26. Mennin D.S., Heimberg R.G., Turk C.L., and Fresco D.M. Applying an emotion regulation framework to integrative approaches to generalized anxiety disorder. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 9 (2002) 85-90
27. Monson C.M., Price J.L., Rodriguez B.F., Ripley M.P., and Warner R.A. Emotional deficits in military-related PTSD: An investigation of content and process disturbances. Journal of Traumatic Stress 17 (2004) 275-279
28. Nolen-Hoeksema S. The role of rumination in depressive disorders and mixed anxiety/depressive symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 109 (2000) 504-511
29. Papageorgiou C., and Wells A. Metacognitive beliefs about rumination in major depression. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 8 (2001) 160-163
30. Purdon C., and Clark D.A. Obsessive intrusive thoughts in nonclinical subjects: I. Content and relation with depressive, anxious and obsessional symptoms. Behaviour Research and Therapy 31 (1993) 713-720
31. Purdon C., and Clark D.A. Obsessive intrusive thoughts in nonclinical subjects: II. Cognitive appraisal, emotional response and thought control strategies. Behaviour Research and Therapy 32 (1994) 403-410
32. Rodebaugh T.L., Holaway R.M., and Heimberg R.G. The treatment of social anxiety disorder. Clinical Psychology Review 24 (2004) 883-908
33. Roemer L., and Orsillo S.M. Expanding our conceptualization of and treatment for generalized anxiety disorder: Integrating mindfulness/acceptance-based approaches with existing cognitive-behavioral models. Clinical Psychology: Science & Practice 9 (2002) 54-68
34. Salkovskis P.M., Clark D.M., Hackmann A., Wells A., and Gelder M.G. An experimental investigation of the role of safety-seeking behaviours in the maintenance of panic disorder with agoraphobia. Behaviour Research and Therapy 37 (1999) 559-574
35. Steil R., and Ehlers A. Dysfunctional meaning of posttraumatic intrusions in chronic PTSD. Behaviour Research and Therapy 38 (2000) 537-558
36. Stewart S.H., Zvolensky M.J., and Eifert G.H. The relations of anxiety sensitivity, experiential avoidance, and alexithymic coping to young adults' motivations for drinking. Behavior Modification 26 (2002) 274-296
37. Taylor G.J., Bagby R., and Parker J.D.A. Disorders of Affect Regulation: Alexithymia in Medical and Psychiatric Illness (1997), Cambridge University Press, New York
38. Toneatto T. A metacognitive therapy for anxiety disorders: Buddhist psychology applied. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 9 (2002) 72-78
39. van Minnen A., Arntz A., and Keijsers G.P.J. Prolonged exposure in patients with chronic PTSD: Predictors of treatment outcome and dropout. Behaviour Research and Therapy 40 (2002) 439-457
40. Vogel P.A., Stiles T.C., and Gotestam K. Adding cognitive therapy elements to exposure therapy for obsessive compulsive disorder: A controlled study. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 32 (2004) 275-290
41. Wegner D.M. White Bears and Other Unwanted Thoughts: Suppression, Obsession, and the Psychology of Mental Control (1989), Penguin, New York
42. Wegner D.M., and Zanakos S. Chronic thought suppression. Journal of Personality 62 (1994) 615-640
43. Wells A. Cognitive Therapy of Anxiety Disorders: A Practice Manual and Conceptual Guide (1997), Wiley, New York
44. Wells A. Emotional Disorders and Metacognition: Innovative Cognitive Therapy (2000), Wiley, New York
45. Wells A. GAD, metacognition, and mindfulness: An information processing analysis. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 9 (2002) 95-100
46. Wells A., and Carter K. Further tests of a cognitive model of generalized anxiety disorder: Metacognitions and worry in GAD, panic disorder, social phobia, depression, and nonpatients. Behavior Therapy 32 (2001) 85-102