Carvedilol: Use in chronic heart failure

Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy

Volumn 5, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 21-31

  Doughty, Robert Neil ^a   White, Harvey D ^a  

^a AUCKLAND CITY HOSPITAL   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

adrenergic antagonist; Carvedilol; Heart failure; Survival

Indexed keywords

ANGIOTENSIN RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; BETA ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; BISOPROLOL; BUCINDOLOL; CARVEDILOL; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; DIURETIC AGENT; ENALAPRIL; LABETALOL; METOPROLOL; METOPROLOL SUCCINATE; METOPROLOL TARTRATE; NEBIVOLOL; PINDOLOL; PLACEBO; PROPRANOLOL; XAMOTEROL;

ACUTE HEART INFARCTION; ARTICLE; BRADYCARDIA; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMBINATION CHEMOTHERAPY; COMORBIDITY; DIABETES MELLITUS; DISTRIBUTION VOLUME; DIZZINESS; DRUG ABSORPTION; DRUG CLEARANCE; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE; HEART FAILURE; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE EJECTION FRACTION; HEART VENTRICLE REMODELING; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; HYPOTENSION; KIDNEY FAILURE; META ANALYSIS; MONOTHERAPY; NONHUMAN; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; SINGLE DRUG DOSE; SURVIVAL TIME; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TREATMENT DURATION; VASODILATATION;

ADRENERGIC BETA-ANTAGONISTS; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS; CARBAZOLES; DIABETIC ANGIOPATHIES; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; HEART FAILURE, CONGESTIVE; HEART RATE; HUMANS; KIDNEY FAILURE; METOPROLOL; MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION; PROPANOLAMINES; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS; STROKE VOLUME; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION, LEFT; VENTRICULAR FUNCTION, LEFT;

EID: 33846502069     PISSN: 14779072     EISSN: 17448344     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1586/14779072.5.1.21     Document Type: Article

References (80)

1. Cubeddu LX, Fuenmayor N, Varin F, Villagra VG, Colindres RF, Powell JR. Clinical pharmacology of carvedilol in normal volunteers. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 41, 31-44 (1987).
2. Oldham HG, Clarke SE. In vitro identification of the human cytochrome P450 enzymes involved in the metabolism of R(+) and S(-) carvedilol. Drug Metab. Dispos. 25, 970-977 (1997).
3. Morgan T. Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of carvedilol. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 26, 335-346 (1994).
4. McTavish D, Campoli-Richards D, Sorkin EM. Carvedilol. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic efficacy. Drugs 45, 232-258 (1993).
5. Tomlinson B, Bompart F, Graham BR, Liu J-B, Prichard BNC. Vasodilating mechanism and response to physiological pressor stimuli of acute doses of carvedilol compared with labetatol, propanolol and hydrazine. Drugs 36(suppl 6), 37-47 (1988).
6. Gilbert EM, Abraham WT, Olsen S et al. Comparative haemodynamic, left ventricular functional, and antiadrenergic effects of chronic treatment with metoprolol versus carvedilol in the failing heart. Circulation 94, 2817-2825 (1996).
7. 1-receptor down-regulation in heart failure. Circulation Res. 59, 297-309 (1986).
8. Bristow MR, Gilbert EM, Olsen S, Larrabee P, Renlund DG, O'Connell JB. Long-term metoprolol therapy increases myocardial β-adrenergic receptor density relative to placebo controls (abstr). J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 21(suppl A), 101A (1993).
9. 2-receptor changes following chronic β-adrenoceptor antagonism. Eur. J. Clin. Pharm. 32 (1987).
10. Maack C, Cremers B, Flesch M, Hoper A, Sudkamp M, Bohm M. Different intrinsic activities of bucindolol, carvedilol and metoprolol in human failing myocardium. Br. J. Pharmacol. 130, 1131-9 (2000).
11. Feuerstein GZ, Poste G, Ruffolo RR. Carvedilol update III: Rationale for use in congestive heart failure. Drugs of Today 31 (Suppl F), 1-23 (1995).
12. Yue T-L, Cheng H-Y, Lysko PG et al. Carvedilol, a new vasodilator and β adrenoceptor antagonist, is in antioxidant and free radical scavenger. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 263, 92-98 (1992).
13. Yue T-L, Wang X, Gu J-L, Ruffolo RR, Feuerstein GZ. Carvedilol, a new vasodilating β-adrenoceptor blocker, inhibits oxidation by vascular smooth muscle cells and prevents leukocycte adhesion to smooth muscle cells. J. Pharmacol. Exp. 273, 1442-1449 (1995).
14. Yusuf S, Peto R, Lewis J, Collins R, Sleight P. β-blockade during and after myocardial infarction: An overview of the randomised trials. Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. 27, 335-371 (1985).
15. Nichols AJ, Gellai M, Ruffolo RR. Studies on the mechanism of arterial vasodilatation produced by the novel antihypertensive agent, carvedilol. Fund. Clin. Pharm. 5, 25-38 (1991).
16. Cohn JN, Levine B, Olivari MT. Plasma norepinephrine as a guide to prognosis in patients with congestive heart failure. N. Eng. J. Med. 311, 819-823 (1984).
17. Doughty RN, MacMahon S, Sharpe N, β-blockers in heart failure: promising or proved? J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 23, 814-821 (1994).
18. Cleland JGF, Bristow MR, Erdmann E, Remme WJ, Swedberg K, Waagstein F. β-blocking agents in heart failure Should they be used and how? Eur. Heart J. 17, 1629-1639 (1996).
19. CIBIS-II Investigators and Committees. The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study II (CIBIS-II): A randomised trial. Lancet 353, 9-13 (1999).
20. MERIT-HF Study Group. Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: Metoprolol CR/XL randomised intervention trial in congestive heart failure (MERIT-HF). Lancet 353, 2001-2007 (1999).
21. Packer M, Coats AJS, Fowler MB et al. for the Carvedilol Prospective Randomised Cumulative Survival Study Group. Effect of carvedilol on survival in severe chronic heart failure. N. Engl. J. Med. 344, 1651-1658 (2001).
22. Executive Summary: HFSA 2006 Comprehensive Heart Failure Practice Guideline. 12:10-38.
23. ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline Update for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult-Summary Article: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure). J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 46, 1116-1143 (2005).
24. Australia-New Zealand Heart Failure Research Collaborative Group. Effects of carvedilol, a vasodilator-β-blocker in patients with congestive heart failure due to ischaemic heart disease. Circulation 92, 212-218 (1995).
25. Krum H, Sackner-Bernstein JD, Goldsmith RL et al. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the long-term efficacy of carvedilol in patients with severe chronic heart failure. Circulation 92, 1499-1506 (1995).
26. Olsen ST, Gilbert EM, Renlund DG, Taylor DO, Yanowitz FD, Bristow MR. Carvedilol improves left ventricular function and symptoms in chronic heart failure: A double-blind randomised study. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 25, 1225-1231 (1995).
27. Australia New Zealand Heart Failure Research Collaborative Group. Effects of carvedilol in patients with congestive heart failure due to ischaemic heart disease: Final results from the Australia-New Zealand Heart Failure Research Collaborative Group trial. Lancet 349, 375-380 (1997).
28. Bristow MR, Gilbert EM, Abraham WT et al., for the MOCHA Investigators. Carvedilol produces dose-related improvements in left ventricular function and survival in subjects with chronic heart failure. Circulation 94, 2807-2816 (1996).
29. Cohn JN, Fowler MB, Bristow MA et al., for the Carvedilol Study Group. Effect of carvedilol in severe chronic heart failure. J. Cardiac Failure 3, 173-179 (1997).
30. Colucci WS, Packer M, Bristow MR et al., for the US Carvedilol Heart Failure Study Group. Carvedilol inhibits clinical progression in patients with mild symptoms of heart failure. Circulation 94, 2800-2806 (1996).
31. Metra M, Nardi M, Giubbini R. Effects of short- and long-term carvedilol administration on rest and exercise haemodynamic variables, exercise capacity and clinical conditions in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 24, 1678-1687 (1994).
32. Packer M, Colucci WS, Sackner-Bernstein JD et al., for the PRECISE Study Group. Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the effects of carvedilol in patients with moderate to severe heart failure. The PRECISE Trial. Circulation 94, 2793-2799 (1996).
33. Guazzi M, Agostoni P, Matturri M, Pontone G, Guazzi MD. Pulmonary function, cardiac function, and exercise capacity in a follow-up of patients with congestive heart failure treated with carvedilol. Am. Heart J. 138. 460-467 (1999).
34. Packer M, Antonopolous GV, Berlin JA, Chittams J, Konstam MA, Udelson JE. Comparative effects of carvedilol and metoprolol on left ventricular ejection fraction in heart failure, Results of a meta-analysis. Am. Heart. J. 141, 899-907 (2001).
35. Bristow M, Gilbert E, Abraham WT, Adams K, Fowler M, Hershberger RE. Carvedilol preoduces dose-related improvements in left ventricular function and survival in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation 94, 2807-16 (1996).
36. Doughty RN, Whalley GA, Gamble G, MacMahon S, Sharpe N; on behalf of the Australia-New Zealand Heart Failure Research Collaborative Group. Left ventricular remodelling with carvedilol in patients with congestive heart failure due to ischaemic heart disease. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 29, 1060-1066 (1997).
37. Cleland JGF, Pennell DJ, Ray SG et al. on behalf of the CHRISTMAS Investigators. Myocardial viability as a determinant of the ejection fraction response to carvedilol in patients with heart failure (CHRISTMAS trial): A randomised controlled trial. Lancet 362, 14-21 (2003).
38. Komajda M, Lutigerb B, Madeirac H et al., on behalf of the CARMEN investigators and co-ordinators. Tolerability of carvedilol and ACE-Inhibition in mild heart failure. Results of CARMEN (Carvedilol ACE-Inhibitor Remodelling Mild CHF EvaluatioN). Eur. J. Heart Failure 6, 467-475 (2004).
39. Packer M, Bristow MR, Cohn JN et al., for the US Carvedilol Study Group. The effect of carvedilol on morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic heart failure. N. Eng. J. Med. 334, 1349-1355 (1996).
40. Packer M, Fowler MB, Roecker EB et al. Effect of carvedilol on morbidity of patients with severe chronic heart failure. Results of the Carvedilol Prospective Randomized Cummulative Survival (COPERNICUS) Study. Circulation 106, 2194-2199 (2002).
41. The Beta-Blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial Investigators. A trial of the beta-blocker bucindolol in patients with advanced chronic heart failure. N. Engl. J. Med. 344, 1659-1667 (2001).
42. The Xamoterol in Severe Heart Failure Study Group. Xamoterol in severe heart failure. Lancet 336, 1-6 (1990).
43. Poole-Wilson PA, Swedberg K, Cleland JGF et al. Comparison of carvedilol and metoprolol on clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure in the Carvedilol Or Metoprolol European Trial (COMET): randomised controlled trial. Lancet 362, 7-13 (2003).
44. Waagstein F, Bristow MR, Swedberg K et al., for the Metoprolol in Dilated Cardiomyopathy (MDC) Trial Study Group. Beneficial effects of metoprolol in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Lancet 342, 1441-1446 (1993).
45. Wikstrand J, Hjalmarson A, Waagstein F et al. Dose of metoprolol CR/XL and clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure: Analysis of the experience in metoprolol CR/XL randomised intervention trial in chronic heart failure (MERIT-HF). J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 40, 491-8 (2002).
46. Metra M, Torp-Pedersen C, Swedberg K et al. Influence of heart rate, blood pressure, and β-blocker dose on outcome and the differences in outcome between carvedilol and metoprolol tartrate in patients with chronic heart failure: Results from the COMET trial. Eur. Heart J. 26, 2259-2268 (2005).
47. Bayliss J, Norell M, Canepa-Anson R, Sutton G, Poole-Wilson P. Untreated heart failure: Clinical and neuroendocrine effects of introducing diuretics. Br. Heart J. 57, 17-22 (1987).
48. Francis GS, Benedict C, Johnstone DE et al., for the SOLVD Investigators. Comparison of neuroendocrine activation in patients with left ventricular dysfunction with and without congestive heart failure. A substudy of the Studies of Left Ventricular Dysfunction (SOLVD), Circulation 82, 1724-1729 (1990).
49. Mancia G. Sympathetic activation in congestive heart failure. Eur. Heart J. 11 (Suppl A), 3-11 (1990).
50. Olivari MT, Levine TB, Cohn JN. Abnormal neurohumoral response to nitroprusside infusion in congestive heart failure. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 2, 411-417 (1983).
51. Krum H, Haas SJ, Eichhorn E et al. Prognostic benefit of β-blockers in patients not receiving ACE-Inhibitors. Eur. Heart J. 26, 2154-2158 (2005).
52. The CAPRICORN Investigators. Effect of carvedilol on outcome after myocardial infarction in patients with left-ventricular dysfunction: The CAPRICORN randomised trial. Lancet 357, 1385-1390 (2001).
53. Karle CA, Kreye VAW, Thomas D et al. Antiarrhythmic drug carvedilol inhibits HERG potassium channels. Cardiovasc. Res 49, 361-370 (2001).
54. Doughty RN, Whalley CA, Walsh HA et al. Effects of Carvedilol on Left Ventricular Remodeling After Acute Myocardial Infarction: The CAPRICORN Echo Substudy. Circulation 109, 201-206 (2004).
55. Dougherty AH, Naccarelli GV, Gray EL. Congestive heart failure with normal systolic function. Am. J. Cardiol. 54, 778-782 (1984).
56. Bergström A, Andersson B, Edner M, Nylander E, Persson H, Dahlström U. Effect of carvedilol on diastolic function in patients with diastolic heart failure and preserved systolic function. Results of the Swedish Doppler-echocardiographic study (SWEDIC). Eur. J. Heart Failure 6, 453-461 (2004).
57. Flather M, Shibata MC, Coats AJ et al. Randomized trial to determine the effect of nebivolol on mortality and cardiovascular hospital admission in elderly patients with heart failure (SENIORS). J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 37, 1692-1699 (2005).
58. Nichols GA, Gullion CM, Koro CE, Ephross SA, Brown JB. The incidence of congestive heart failure in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 27, 1879-1884 (2004).
59. Lithell HO. Effect of antihypertensive drugs on insulin, glucose and metabolism. Diabetes Care 14, 203-209 (1991).
60. Bakris GL, Fonseca V, Katholi RE et al. Metabolic effects of carvedilol vs metaprolol in patients with type 2 diabtes mellitus and hypertension. JAMA 292, 2227-2236 (2004).
61. CIBIS Investigators and Committees. A randomised trial of β-blockade in heart failure. The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study (CIBIS). Circulation 90, 1765-1773 (1994).
62. Coletta, A, Cleland JGF, Freemantle N, Clark AL. Clinical trials update from the European Society of Cardiology Heart Failure meeting. SHAPE, BRING-UP 2 VAS, COLA II, FOSIDIAL, BETACAR, CASINO and meta-analysis of cardiac resynchronisation therapy. Eur. J. Heart Failure 6, 673-676 (2004).
63. Bruns LA, Chrisant MK, Lamour JM. Carvedilol as therapy in pediatric heart failure: An initial multicentre experience. J. Pediatrics 138, 505-511 (2001).
64. Shaddy RE. β-blocker therapy in young children with congestive heart failure under consideraton for heart transplantation. Am. Heart J. 136, 19-21 (1998).
65. Shaddy RE, Tani LY, Gidding SS. β-blocker treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy with congestive heart failure in children: A multi-institutional experience. J. Heart & Lung Transplant. 18, 269-274 (1999).
66. Azeka E, Ramires JA, Valler C. Delisting of infants and children from the heart transplantation waiting list after carvedilol treatment. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 40, 2034-2038 (2002).
67. Locatelli F, del Vecchio L, Manzoni C. Morbidity and mortality on maintenance hemodialysis. Nephron 80, 380-400 (1998).
68. Abraham WT, Tsvetkova T, Lowes BD et al. Carvedilol improves renal hemodynamics in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation 98, 1378-1379 (1998).
69. Cice G, Ferrara L, di Benedetto A et al. Dilated cardiomyopathy in dialysis patients: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 37, 407-411 (2001).
70. Cice G, Ferrara L, di Benedetto A et al. Carvedilol increases two-year survival in dialysis patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: A prospective, placebo-controlled trial. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 41. 1438-1444 (2003).
71. Cleland JGF, Cohen-Solal A, Aguila JC et al. Management of heart failure in primary care (the IMPROVEMENT of heart failure programme): An international survey. Lancet 360, 1621-1639 (2002).
72. Gattis WA, O'Connor CM, Gallup DS, Hasselblad V, Gheorghiade M and IMPACT-HF Investigators and Coordinators. Predischarge initiation of carvedilol in patients hospitalized for decompensated heart failure: Results of the initiation management predischarge: Process for assessment of carvedilol therapy in heart failure (IMPACT-HF) trial. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 43, 1534-1541 (2004).
73. Franciosa JA, Massie BM, Lukas MA et al. β-blocker therapy for heart failure outside the clinical trial setting: Findings of a community-based registry. Am. Heart J. 148, 718-726 (2004).
74. Rickli H, Steiner S, Muller K, Hess OM. β-blockers in heart failure: Carvedilol Safety Assessment (CASA 2-trial). Eur. J. Heart Fail. 6, 761-768 (2004).
75. Ko DT, Hebert PR, Coffey CS et al. Adverse effects of β-blocker therapy in patients with heart failure: A quantitative overview of the randomized trials. Arch. Internal Med. 164, 1389-1394 (2004).
76. Nul D, Zambrano C, Diaz A et al. Impact of a standardized titration protocol with carvedilol in heart failure: Safety, tolerability and efficacy - a report from the GESICA Registry. Cardiovascular Drugs & Therapy 19, 125-134 (2005).
77. Kukin ML, Kalman J, Charney RH et al. Prospective, randomized comparison of effect of long-term treatment with metoprolol or carvedilol on symptoms, exercise, ejection fraction, and oxidative stress in heart failure. Circulation 99, 2645-2651 (1999).
78. Metra, M, Giubbini R, Nodari S, Boldi E, Modena MG, Cas LD. Differential effects of β-blockers in patients with heart failure: A prospective, randomized, double-blind comparison of the long-term effects of metoprolol versus carvedilol. Circulation 102, 546-551 (2000).
79. Sanderson JE, Chan SKW, Yip G et al. β-blockade in heart failure. A comparison of carvedilol with metoprolol. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 34, 1522-1528 (1999).
80. Hryniewicz K, Androne AS, Hudaihed A, Katz SD. Comparative effects of Carvedilol and metoprolol on regional vascular responses to adrenergic stimuli in normal subjects and patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation 108, 971-976 (2003).