메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 35, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 584-588

Cardiac troponins in the intensive care unit: Common causes of increased levels and interpretation

Author keywords

Cardiac troponin; Critical care; Diagnostic markers; Myocardial injury

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MARKER; TROPONIN I; TROPONIN T;

EID: 33846451042     PISSN: 00903493     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/01.CCM.0000254349.10953.BE     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (66)

References (54)
  • 2
    • 0015935352 scopus 로고
    • Purification and properties of the components from troponins
    • Greaser ML, Gergely J: Purification and properties of the components from troponins. J Biol Chem 1973; 248:2125-2133
    • (1973) J Biol Chem , vol.248 , pp. 2125-2133
    • Greaser, M.L.1    Gergely, J.2
  • 3
    • 0026806526 scopus 로고
    • A cardiac troponin T epitope conserved across phyla
    • Malouf NN, McMahon D, Oakeley AE, et al: A cardiac troponin T epitope conserved across phyla. J Biol Chem 1992; 267:9269-9274
    • (1992) J Biol Chem , vol.267 , pp. 9269-9274
    • Malouf, N.N.1    McMahon, D.2    Oakeley, A.E.3
  • 4
    • 0029031198 scopus 로고
    • The troponin complex and regulation of muscle contraction
    • Farah CS, Reinach FC: The troponin complex and regulation of muscle contraction. FASEB J 1995; 9:755-767
    • (1995) FASEB J , vol.9 , pp. 755-767
    • Farah, C.S.1    Reinach, F.C.2
  • 5
    • 0031726850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biochemical differences between cTnT and cTnI and their significance for diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes
    • Wu AH, Feng YJ: Biochemical differences between cTnT and cTnI and their significance for diagnosis of acute coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J 1998; 19(Suppl N): N25-N29
    • (1998) Eur Heart J , vol.19 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Wu, A.H.1    Feng, Y.J.2
  • 6
    • 0033851515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial infarction redefined: A consensus document of the Joint European Society of Cardiology/American College of Cardiology Committee for the redefinition of myocardial infarction
    • Alpert JS, Thygesen K, Antman E, et al: Myocardial infarction redefined: A consensus document of the Joint European Society of Cardiology/American College of Cardiology Committee for the redefinition of myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 36: 959-969
    • (2000) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.36 , pp. 959-969
    • Alpert, J.S.1    Thygesen, K.2    Antman, E.3
  • 8
    • 0033528655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic marker cooperative study for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction
    • Zimmerman J, Fromm R, Meyer D, et al: Diagnostic marker cooperative study for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. Circulation 1999; 99:1671-1677
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.99 , pp. 1671-1677
    • Zimmerman, J.1    Fromm, R.2    Meyer, D.3
  • 9
    • 0035902456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current concepts of the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes
    • Libby P: Current concepts of the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndromes. Circulation 2001; 104:365-372
    • (2001) Circulation , vol.104 , pp. 365-372
    • Libby, P.1
  • 10
    • 0035050202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensitivity and specificity of new serum markers for mild cardionecrosis
    • Fromm RE, Roberts R: Sensitivity and specificity of new serum markers for mild cardionecrosis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2001; 26: 241-284
    • (2001) Curr Probl Cardiol , vol.26 , pp. 241-284
    • Fromm, R.E.1    Roberts, R.2
  • 11
    • 0034604253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A classification of unstable angina revisited
    • Hamm CW, Braunwald E: A classification of unstable angina revisited. Circulation 2000; 102:118-122
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.102 , pp. 118-122
    • Hamm, C.W.1    Braunwald, E.2
  • 12
    • 1542604076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implication of different cardiac troponin I levels for clinical outcomes and prognosis of acute chest pain patients
    • Kontos MC, Shah R, Fritz LM, et al: Implication of different cardiac troponin I levels for clinical outcomes and prognosis of acute chest pain patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 43:958-965
    • (2004) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.43 , pp. 958-965
    • Kontos, M.C.1    Shah, R.2    Fritz, L.M.3
  • 13
    • 11144295185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Troponins in acute coronary syndromes
    • Scirica BM, Morrow DA: Troponins in acute coronary syndromes. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2004; 47:177-188
    • (2004) Prog Cardiovasc Dis , vol.47 , pp. 177-188
    • Scirica, B.M.1    Morrow, D.A.2
  • 14
    • 0035930101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ability of minor elevations of troponin I and T to predict benefit from an early invasive strategy in patients with unstable angina and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction: Results from a randomized trial
    • Morrow DA, Cannon CP, Rifai N, et al: Ability of minor elevations of troponin I and T to predict benefit from an early invasive strategy in patients with unstable angina and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction: Results from a randomized trial. JAMA 2001; 286:2405-2412
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.286 , pp. 2405-2412
    • Morrow, D.A.1    Cannon, C.P.2    Rifai, N.3
  • 15
    • 0026663725 scopus 로고
    • Viral myocarditis mimicking acute myocardial infarction
    • Dec GW, Waldman H, Southern J, et al: Viral myocarditis mimicking acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol 1992; 20:85-89
    • (1992) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.20 , pp. 85-89
    • Dec, G.W.1    Waldman, H.2    Southern, J.3
  • 16
    • 0027050061 scopus 로고
    • Brief report: Recognition of acute myocarditis masquerading as acute myocardial infarction
    • Narula J, Khaw BA, Dec GW, et al: Brief report: Recognition of acute myocarditis masquerading as acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1993; 328:100-104
    • (1993) N Engl J Med , vol.328 , pp. 100-104
    • Narula, J.1    Khaw, B.A.2    Dec, G.W.3
  • 17
    • 0035371463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Circulating cardiac troponin I in acute pericarditis
    • Brandt RR, Filzmaier K, Hanrath P: Circulating cardiac troponin I in acute pericarditis. Am J Cardiol 2001; 87:1326-1328
    • (2001) Am J Cardiol , vol.87 , pp. 1326-1328
    • Brandt, R.R.1    Filzmaier, K.2    Hanrath, P.3
  • 18
    • 0034010495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum cardiac troponin I and ST-segment elevation in patients with acute pericarditis
    • Bonnefoy E, Godon P, Kirkorian G, et al: Serum cardiac troponin I and ST-segment elevation in patients with acute pericarditis. Eur Heart J 2000; 21:832-836
    • (2000) Eur Heart J , vol.21 , pp. 832-836
    • Bonnefoy, E.1    Godon, P.2    Kirkorian, G.3
  • 19
    • 4544327298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: Executive summary. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to revise the 1999 guidelines for the management of patients with acute myocardial infarction)
    • Antman EM, Anbe DT, Armstrong PW, et al: ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction: Executive summary. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to revise the 1999 guidelines for the management of patients with acute myocardial infarction). J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 44:671-719
    • (2004) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.44 , pp. 671-719
    • Antman, E.M.1    Anbe, D.T.2    Armstrong, P.W.3
  • 20
    • 0036296214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nothing is lower than 0, and 3 is closer to 0 than to 5: Medicine is not arithmetic
    • Colombo A, Stankovic G: Nothing is lower than 0, and 3 is closer to 0 than to 5: Medicine is not arithmetic. Eur Heart J 2002; 23:840-842
    • (2002) Eur Heart J , vol.23 , pp. 840-842
    • Colombo, A.1    Stankovic, G.2
  • 21
    • 0036297470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency and long-term impact of myonecrosis after coronary stenting
    • Brener SJ, Ellis SG, Schneider J, et al: Frequency and long-term impact of myonecrosis after coronary stenting. Eur Heart J 2002; 23:869-876
    • (2002) Eur Heart J , vol.23 , pp. 869-876
    • Brener, S.J.1    Ellis, S.G.2    Schneider, J.3
  • 22
    • 0034192028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic value of cardiac troponin-I levels following catheter based coronary interventions
    • Fuchs S, Kornowski R, Mehran R: Prognostic value of cardiac troponin-I levels following catheter based coronary interventions. Am J Cardiol 2000; 85:1077-1082
    • (2000) Am J Cardiol , vol.85 , pp. 1077-1082
    • Fuchs, S.1    Kornowski, R.2    Mehran, R.3
  • 23
    • 0038064096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic implication of troponin I elevation after percutaneous coronary intervention
    • Nallamothu BK, Chetcuti S, Mukherjee D, et al: Prognostic implication of troponin I elevation after percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Cardiol 2003; 91:1272-1274
    • (2003) Am J Cardiol , vol.91 , pp. 1272-1274
    • Nallamothu, B.K.1    Chetcuti, S.2    Mukherjee, D.3
  • 24
    • 0041431119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac troponin is associated with impaired hemodynamics, progressive left ventricular dysfunction, and increased mortality rates in advanced heart failure
    • Horwich TB, Patel J, MacLellan WR, et al: Cardiac troponin is associated with impaired hemodynamics, progressive left ventricular dysfunction, and increased mortality rates in advanced heart failure. Circulation 2003; 108:833-838
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.108 , pp. 833-838
    • Horwich, T.B.1    Patel, J.2    MacLellan, W.R.3
  • 25
    • 0028824022 scopus 로고
    • Right ventricular dysfunction alter acute pulmonary embolism: Pathophysiologic factors, detection, and therapeutic implications
    • Lualdi JC, Goldhaber SZ: Right ventricular dysfunction alter acute pulmonary embolism: Pathophysiologic factors, detection, and therapeutic implications. Am Heart J 1995; 130:1276-1282
    • (1995) Am Heart J , vol.130 , pp. 1276-1282
    • Lualdi, J.C.1    Goldhaber, S.Z.2
  • 26
    • 0343517175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Independent prognostic value of cardiac troponin T in patients with confirmed pulmonary embolism
    • Giannitsis E, Muller-Bardorff M, Kurowski V, et al: Independent prognostic value of cardiac troponin T in patients with confirmed pulmonary embolism. Circulation 2000; 102: 211-217
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.102 , pp. 211-217
    • Giannitsis, E.1    Muller-Bardorff, M.2    Kurowski, V.3
  • 27
    • 0034332688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac troponin I elevation in acute pulmonary embolism is associated with right ventricular dysfunction
    • Meyer T, Binder L, Hruska N, et al: Cardiac troponin I elevation in acute pulmonary embolism is associated with right ventricular dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 36: 1632-1636
    • (2000) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.36 , pp. 1632-1636
    • Meyer, T.1    Binder, L.2    Hruska, N.3
  • 28
    • 0038128507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac troponin T monitoring identifies high-risk group of normotensive patients with acute pulmonary embolism
    • Pruszczyk P, Bochowicz A, Torbicki A, et al: Cardiac troponin T monitoring identifies high-risk group of normotensive patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Chest 2003; 123:1947-1952
    • (2003) Chest , vol.123 , pp. 1947-1952
    • Pruszczyk, P.1    Bochowicz, A.2    Torbicki, A.3
  • 29
    • 0038805537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac biomarkers in pulmonary embolism
    • Goldhaber SZ: Cardiac biomarkers in pulmonary embolism. Chest 2003; 123:1782-1784
    • (2003) Chest , vol.123 , pp. 1782-1784
    • Goldhaber, S.Z.1
  • 30
    • 0141426744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incremental prognostic value of troponin I and echocardiography in patients with acute pulmonary embolism
    • Kucher N, Wallmann D, Carone A, et al: Incremental prognostic value of troponin I and echocardiography in patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Eur Heart J 2003; 24: 1651-1656
    • (2003) Eur Heart J , vol.24 , pp. 1651-1656
    • Kucher, N.1    Wallmann, D.2    Carone, A.3
  • 31
    • 0030995276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Onset of coronary artery disease prior to the initiation of haemodialysis in patients with end-stage renal disease
    • Joki N, Hase H, Nakamura R, et al: Onset of coronary artery disease prior to the initiation of haemodialysis in patients with end-stage renal disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1997; 12:718-723
    • (1997) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.12 , pp. 718-723
    • Joki, N.1    Hase, H.2    Nakamura, R.3
  • 32
    • 0037762928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular complications of chronic kidney disease
    • Sarnak MJ: Cardiovascular complications of chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis 2003; 41:11-17
    • (2003) Am J Kidney Dis , vol.41 , pp. 11-17
    • Sarnak, M.J.1
  • 33
    • 0021213758 scopus 로고
    • Unmasking artifactual increases in creatine kinase isoenzymes in patients with renal failure
    • Jaffe AS, Ritter C, Meltzer V, et al: Unmasking artifactual increases in creatine kinase isoenzymes in patients with renal failure. J Lab Clin Med 1984; 104:193-202
    • (1984) J Lab Clin Med , vol.104 , pp. 193-202
    • Jaffe, A.S.1    Ritter, C.2    Meltzer, V.3
  • 34
    • 0030798088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Creatine kinase subform analysis in hemodialysis patients without acute coronary syndromes
    • Robbins MJ, Epstein EM, Shah S: Creatine kinase subform analysis in hemodialysis patients without acute coronary syndromes. Nephron 1997; 76:296-299
    • (1997) Nephron , vol.76 , pp. 296-299
    • Robbins, M.J.1    Epstein, E.M.2    Shah, S.3
  • 35
    • 0029692381 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Greater frequency of increased cardiac troponin T than increased cardiac troponin I in patients with chronic renal failure
    • Li D, Jialal I, Keffer J: Greater frequency of increased cardiac troponin T than increased cardiac troponin I in patients with chronic renal failure. Clin Chem 1996; 42:114-115
    • (1996) Clin Chem , vol.42 , pp. 114-115
    • Li, D.1    Jialal, I.2    Keffer, J.3
  • 36
    • 0029895935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac troponin T is elevated in asymptomatic patients with chronic renal failure
    • Frankel WL, Herold DA, Ziegler TW, et al: Cardiac troponin T is elevated in asymptomatic patients with chronic renal failure. Am J Clin Pathol 1996; 106:118-123
    • (1996) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.106 , pp. 118-123
    • Frankel, W.L.1    Herold, D.A.2    Ziegler, T.W.3
  • 37
    • 0344780848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic value of cardiac troponin T and I elevations in renal disease patients without acute coronary syndromes: A 9-month outcome analysis
    • Mockel M, Schindler R, Knorr L, et al: Prognostic value of cardiac troponin T and I elevations in renal disease patients without acute coronary syndromes: A 9-month outcome analysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999; 14:1489-1495
    • (1999) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.14 , pp. 1489-1495
    • Mockel, M.1    Schindler, R.2    Knorr, L.3
  • 38
    • 0346727404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impaired renal clearance explains elevated troponin T fragments in hemodialysis patients
    • Diris JHC, Hackeng CM, Kooman JP, et al: Impaired renal clearance explains elevated troponin T fragments in hemodialysis patients. Circulation 2004; 109:23-25
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.109 , pp. 23-25
    • Diris, J.H.C.1    Hackeng, C.M.2    Kooman, J.P.3
  • 39
    • 0037132630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac troponins in renal insufficiency: Review and clinical implications
    • Freda BJ, Tang WH, Van Lente F, et al: Cardiac troponins in renal insufficiency: Review and clinical implications. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002; 40:2065-2071
    • (2002) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.40 , pp. 2065-2071
    • Freda, B.J.1    Tang, W.H.2    Van Lente, F.3
  • 40
    • 0031005703 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of unsuspected myocardial necrosis by rapid bedside assay for cardiac troponin T
    • Antman EM, Grudzien C, Mitchell RN, et al: Detection of unsuspected myocardial necrosis by rapid bedside assay for cardiac troponin T. Am Heart J 1997; 133:596-598
    • (1997) Am Heart J , vol.133 , pp. 596-598
    • Antman, E.M.1    Grudzien, C.2    Mitchell, R.N.3
  • 41
    • 0034019260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation of antemortem serum creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB, troponin I, and troponin T with cardiac pathology
    • Ooi DS, Isotala PA, Veinot JP: Correlation of antemortem serum creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB, troponin I, and troponin T with cardiac pathology. Clin Chem 2000; 46: 338-344
    • (2000) Clin Chem , vol.46 , pp. 338-344
    • Ooi, D.S.1    Isotala, P.A.2    Veinot, J.P.3
  • 42
    • 0034680350 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac troponin T predicts mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease
    • Dierkes J, Domrose U, Westphal S, et al: Cardiac troponin T predicts mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease. Circulation 2000; 102:1964-1969
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.102 , pp. 1964-1969
    • Dierkes, J.1    Domrose, U.2    Westphal, S.3
  • 43
    • 0032793448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The predictive value of cardiac troponin T measurements in subjects on regular haemodialysis
    • Stolear JC, Georges B, Shita A, et al: The predictive value of cardiac troponin T measurements in subjects on regular haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999; 14: 1961-1967
    • (1999) Nephrol Dial Transplant , vol.14 , pp. 1961-1967
    • Stolear, J.C.1    Georges, B.2    Shita, A.3
  • 44
    • 0025303027 scopus 로고
    • Septic shock in humans: Advances in the understanding of pathogenesis, cardiovascular dysfunction, and therapy
    • Parrillo JE, Parker MM, Natanson C, et al: Septic shock in humans: Advances in the understanding of pathogenesis, cardiovascular dysfunction, and therapy. Ann Intern Med 1990; 113:227-242
    • (1990) Ann Intern Med , vol.113 , pp. 227-242
    • Parrillo, J.E.1    Parker, M.M.2    Natanson, C.3
  • 45
    • 0031967391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum cardiac troponin T as a prognostic marker in early sepsis
    • Spies C, Haude V, Fitzner R, et al: Serum cardiac troponin T as a prognostic marker in early sepsis. Chest 1998; 113:1055-1063
    • (1998) Chest , vol.113 , pp. 1055-1063
    • Spies, C.1    Haude, V.2    Fitzner, R.3
  • 46
    • 0034919866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevation of troponin I in sepsis and septic shock
    • Ammann P, Fehr T, Minder EI, et al: Elevation of troponin I in sepsis and septic shock. Intensive Care Med 2001; 27:965-969
    • (2001) Intensive Care Med , vol.27 , pp. 965-969
    • Ammann, P.1    Fehr, T.2    Minder, E.I.3
  • 47
    • 85176652719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, et al: Definitions for sepsis and organ failures and guidelines for use of innovative therapies in sepsis: American College of Chest Physicians/ Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference Committee. Chest 1992; 101: 1644-1655
    • Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, et al: Definitions for sepsis and organ failures and guidelines for use of innovative therapies in sepsis: American College of Chest Physicians/ Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference Committee. Chest 1992; 101: 1644-1655
  • 48
    • 0028999757 scopus 로고
    • Myocardial injury in critically ill patients: A frequently unrecognized complication
    • Guest TM, Ramanathan AV, Tuteur PG, et al: Myocardial injury in critically ill patients: A frequently unrecognized complication. JAMA 1995; 273:1945-1949
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , pp. 1945-1949
    • Guest, T.M.1    Ramanathan, A.V.2    Tuteur, P.G.3
  • 49
    • 0031005632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinically recognized cardiac dysfunction: An independent determinant of mortality among critically ill patients. Is there a role for serial measurement of cardiac troponin I?
    • Kollef MH, Ladenson JH, Eisenberg PR: Clinically recognized cardiac dysfunction: An independent determinant of mortality among critically ill patients. Is there a role for serial measurement of cardiac troponin I? Chest 1997; 111:1340-1347
    • (1997) Chest , vol.111 , pp. 1340-1347
    • Kollef, M.H.1    Ladenson, J.H.2    Eisenberg, P.R.3
  • 50
    • 0034069083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial necrosis in ICU patients with acute non-cardiac disease: A prospective study
    • Arlati S, Brenna S, Prencipe L, et al: Myocardial necrosis in ICU patients with acute non-cardiac disease: A prospective study. Intensive Care Med 2000; 26:31-37
    • (2000) Intensive Care Med , vol.26 , pp. 31-37
    • Arlati, S.1    Brenna, S.2    Prencipe, L.3
  • 51
    • 0037638743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Troponin as a risk factor for mortality in critically ill patients without acute coronary syndromes
    • Ammann P, Maggiorini M, Bertel O, et al: Troponin as a risk factor for mortality in critically ill patients without acute coronary syndromes. J Am Coll Cardiol 2003; 41: 2004-2009
    • (2003) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.41 , pp. 2004-2009
    • Ammann, P.1    Maggiorini, M.2    Bertel, O.3
  • 52
    • 0027231349 scopus 로고
    • Explaining stroke mortality trends
    • Bonita R, Beaglehole R: Explaining stroke mortality trends. Lancet 1993; 341:1510-1511
    • (1993) Lancet , vol.341 , pp. 1510-1511
    • Bonita, R.1    Beaglehole, R.2
  • 54
    • 24344446326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myocardial injury in acute stroke: A troponin I study
    • Chalela JA, Ezzeddine MA, Davis L, et al: Myocardial injury in acute stroke: A troponin I study. Neurocrit Care 2004; 1:343-346
    • (2004) Neurocrit Care , vol.1 , pp. 343-346
    • Chalela, J.A.1    Ezzeddine, M.A.2    Davis, L.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.