Methods to explore cellular uptake of ruthenium complexes

Journal of the American Chemical Society

Volumn 129, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 46-47

  Puckett, Cindy A ^a   Barton, Jacqueline K ^a  

^a California Institute of Technology   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

RUTHENIUM COMPLEX;

ARTICLE; CELL TRANSPORT; CHEMICAL ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY; FLOW CYTOMETRY; HELA CELL; LUMINESCENCE;

BIOLOGICAL TRANSPORT; FLOW CYTOMETRY; HELA CELLS; HUMANS; MICROSCOPY, CONFOCAL; ORGANOMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; RUTHENIUM;

EID: 33846109494     PISSN: 00027863     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ja0677564     Document Type: Article

References (22)

1. DeVito, S. C. In Handbook of Property Estimation Methods for Chemicals: Environmental and Health Sciences: Boethling, R. S., Mackay, D., Eds.; CRC Press: Boca Raton, FL, 2000; pp 261-278.
2. Lipinski, C. A.; Lombardo, F.; Dominy, B. W.; Feeney, P. J. Adv. Drug Delivery Rev. 2001, 46, 3.
3. Zhang, C. X.; Lippard, S. J. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2003, 7, 481.
4. Boerner, L. J. K.; Zaleski, J. M. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2005, 9, 135.
5. (a) Brunner, J.; Barton, J. K. Biochemistry 2006, 45, 12295.
6. (b) Hart, J. R.; Glebov, O.; Ernst, R. J.; Kirsch, I. L.; Barton, J. K. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2006, 103, 15359.
7. Dickeson, J. E.; Summers, L. A. Aust. J. Chem. 1970, 23, 1023.
8. 2 described in Sullivan, B. P.; Salmon, D. J.; Meyer, T. J. Inorg. Chem. 1978, 17, 3334. The dppz, ligand was then added by refluxing in ethanol-water for >3 h.
9. 2dppz was formed by hydrolysis of the ester.
10. (a) Friedman, A. E.; Chambron, J.-C.; Sauvage, J.-P.; Turro, N. J.; Barton, J. K. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990, 112, 4960.
11. (b) Jenkins, Y.; Friedman, A. E.; Turro, N. J.; Barton, J. K. Biochemistry 1992, 31, 10809.
12. Olofsson, J.; Önfelt, B.; Lincoln, P. J. Phys. Chem. A 2004, 108, 4391.
13. Ardhammer, M.; Lincoln, P.; Norden, B. J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 108, 11363.
14. 6 cells/mL. The ruthenium complexes were added to the cell suspensions at concentrations of 0.5 - 10 μM and incubated for 2 h at ambient temperature. Dead cells were stained with 1 μM To-Pro-3 (Molecular Probes), which enters cells having compromised membranes.
15. 2dppz may be in part due to poor nucleic acid binding by the neutral complex.
16. Confocal microscopy of cells incubated with a Ru dimer has been reported. See: Önfelt, B.; Gostring, L.; Lincoln, P.; Norden, B.; Önfelt, A. Mutagenesis 2002, 17, 317.
17. Haugland, R. P. In Handbook of Fluorescent Probes and Research Products, 9th ed.; Gregory, J., Spence, M., Eds.; Molecular Probes: Eugene, OR, 2002; pp 473-488 and 496-502.
18. 2+, line plot quantitation shows an average of 11% luminescence in the nucleus compared to cytoplasm; for 10 μM Ru after 32 h, as in Figure 3 (bottom), the ratio is ∼30%. Some contribution to fluorescence in the nucleus could arise from cellular autofluorescence.
19. 2dppz with nucleic acids contributes to its relatively poor luminescence in cells but cannot fully account for it.
20. Jonas, S. K.; Riley, P. A. Cell Biochem. Funct. 1991, 9, 245.
21. Kalayda, G. V.; Fakih, S.; Bertram, H.; Ludwig, T.; Oberleithner, H.; Krebs, B.; Reedijk, J. J. Inorg. Biochem. 2006, 100, 1332.
22. Ghezzi, A.; Aceto, M.; Cassino, C.; Gabano, E.; Osella, D. J. Inorg. Biochem. 2004, 98, 73.