Long-term care providers and their perceptions of the external environment: Rural versus urban differences

Journal of Applied Gerontology

Volumn 26, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 78-94

  Weech Maldonado, Robert ^a   Shea, Dennis ^b   Elmendorf, Kris ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA   (United States)

^b PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c Pennsylvania State University   (United States)

Author keywords

Assisted living; Environment; Home health; Long term care; Nursing homes; Rural

Indexed keywords

ACT; ARTICLE; ASSISTED LIVING FACILITY; ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION; HEALTH CARE PERSONNEL; HEALTH SURVEY; HOME HEALTH AGENCY; LONG TERM CARE; NURSING HOME; RURAL POPULATION; UNITED STATES; URBAN POPULATION;

EID: 33845981072     PISSN: 07334648     EISSN: 15524523     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0733464806296145     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Abt Associates. (2001). Appropriateness of minimum staffing ratios in nursing homes. Report to Congress: Phase II final. Baltimore: Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services.
2. Aiken, L. H., Clarke, S. P., Sloane, D. M., Sochalski, J., & Silber, J. H. (2002). Hospital nurse staffing and patient mortality, nurse burnout, and job dissatisfaction. Journal of the American Medical Association, 288, 1987-1993.
3. Beaulieu, J. (2000). Models of integrated long-term care: Rural application (Final Report Conference Grant). Springfield, VA: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Technical Information Service.
4. Bernstein, A. B., Hing, E., Moss, A. J., & Siller, A. B. (2003). Health care in America: Trends in utilization. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics.
5. Bishop, C., & Dor, A. (1994). Medicare costs in urban and rural nursing homes: Are differential payments required? Inquiry, 31 (2). 153-162.
6. Bishop, C. E. (1999). Where are the missing elders? The decline in nursing home use, 1985 and 1995. Health Affairs, 18 (4). 146-155.
7. Bolda, E. J., & Seavey, J. W. (2000). Rural long-term care integration: Developing service capacity. Portland: University of Southern Maine, Edmund S. Muskie School of Public Service, Maine Rural Health Research Center.
8. Brannon, D., Dansky, K., Kassab, C., & Gamm, L. (1996). Interorganizational linkages and service and personnel shortages in rural nursing homes. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 15 (2). 172-187.
9. Coburn, A. F. (2002). Rural long-term care: What do we need to know to improve policy and programs? Journal of Rural Health, 18, S256 - S269.
10. Cohen-Mansfield, J. (1997). Turnover among nursing home staff. Nursing Management, 28 (5). 59-64.
11. Dillman, D. A. (1978). Mail and telephone surveys. New York: John Wiley.
12. Eaton, S. C. (2000). Beyond "unloving care": Linking human resource management and patient care quality in nursing homes. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 11 (3) 591-616.
13. Gill, H. S., & Rovinsky, M. (1998). Strategic implications of developing integrated levels of care. Managed Care Quarterly, 6 (12). 21-35.
14. Goodfellow, M., Tubman, J. G., Landry, J. A., Ahern, F., Lago, D., & Smyer, M. A. (1988). Use of a state-level pharmaceutical program among urban and rural elders. Journal of Rural Health, 4 (3). 35-43.
15. Guihan, M., Erdman, J. M., Munroe, D. J., & Hughes, S. L. (1999). Nursing facilities and managed care. American Journal of Managed Care, 5 (6). 737-746.
16. Harrington, C., Carrillo, H., & Mercado-Scott, C. (2005). Nursing facilities, staffing, residents, and facility deficiencies, 1998 through 2004. San Francisco: University of California, San Francisco.
17. Hawes, C., Phillips, C. D., Holan, S., Sherman, M., & Hutchison, L. L. (2005). Assisted living in rural America: Results from a national survey. Journal of Rural Health, 21 (2). 131-139.
18. Hawes, C., Rose, M., & Phillips, C.D. (1999). A national study of assisted living for the frail elderly: Results of a national survey of facilities. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
19. Hughes, S. L., & Pittard, M. A. (2001). Home health. In E. Evashwick (Ed.), The continuum of long-term care (pp. 60-84). Albany, NY: Delmar.
20. Kane, R., & Kane, R. (1982). Values and long-term care. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
21. Lin, C. J., Davitt, J. K., Meit, M., Scwartz, M., Marainen, J., & Davis, L. (2005). The financial impact of interim and prospective payment systems on home health providers in rural communities. Journal of Health Care for the Poor and the Underserved, 16, 576-587.
22. Maynard, C., Every, N. R., Chapko, M. K., & Ritchie, J. L. (2000). Outcomes of coronary angioplasty procedures performed in rural hospitals. American Journal of Medicine, 108 (9). 710-713.
23. MCOL. (2004). Managed care fact sheets: Managed care national statistics. Retrieved December 5, 2004, from www.mcareol.com/factshts/factnati.htm
24. Medicare Payment Advisory Commission. (2001). Report to Congress: Medicare in rural America. Retrieved March 18, 2006, from www.medpac.gov/ publications
25. Medicare Payment Advisory Commission. (2003). Report to Congress: Medicare payment policy. Retrieved October 20, 2006, from www.medpac.gov/ publications
26. Mulvey, J., & Li, A. (2002). Long-term care financing: Options for the future. Benefits Quarterly, 18 (2). 7-14.
27. Ondek, D. A., & Gingerich, B. S. (1999). Home care. In J. R. Pratt (Ed.), Long-term care: Managing across the continuum (pp. 188-223) Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen.
28. Phillips, C. D., Hawes, C., & Leyk Williams, M. (2003). Nursing homes in rural and urban areas, 2000. College Station: Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, School of Rural Public Health, Southwest Rural Health Research Center.
29. Pratt, J. R. (1999). Competition, cooperation and integration. In J. R. Pratt (Ed.), Long-term care: Managing across the continuum (pp. 261-294). Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen.
30. Cassell, D. (2000). How will nursing home bankruptcies affect you? Drug Topics, 144 (4). 54-54.
31. Stern, A. L. (2001). Bridging the workforce shortage. Trustee, 57 (7). 8-13.
32. Stone, R. I. (2000). Long-term care for the disabled elderly: Current policy, emerging trends and implications for the 21st century. Milbank Memorial Fund Report. Available at www.milbank.org/sea/jan2000
33. Uphold, C. R., Rane, D., Reid, K., & Tomar, S. L. (2005). Mental health differences between rural and urban men living with HIV infection in various age groups. Journal Community Health, 30 (5). 355-375.
34. U.S. Census Bureau. (1995). Urban and rural definitions. Retrieved March 13, 2006, from www.census.gov/population/censusdata/urdef.txt
35. U.S. Census Bureau. (2006). State and county quick facts. Retrieved September 15, 2006, from http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/42000.html
36. Weech-Maldonado, R., Meret-Hanke, L., Neff, M., & Mor, V. (2004). Nurse staffing patterns and quality of care in nursing homes. Health Care Management Review, 29 (2). 1-10.
37. Zinn, J. S., Mor, V., Castle, N., Intrator, O., & Brannon, D. (1999). Organizational and environmental factors associated with nursing home participation in managed care. Health Services Research, 33 (6). 1753-1767.