Wintertime aerosol properties during foggy and nonfoggy days over urban center Delhi and their implications for shortwave radiative forcing

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 111, Issue 15, 2006, Pages

  Ganguly, Dilip ^a   Jayaraman, A ^a   Rajesh, T A ^a   Gadhavi, H ^a  

^a PHYSICAL RESEARCH LABORATORY   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABSORPTION; ATMOSPHERIC AEROSOLS; ATMOSPHERIC OPTICS; BIOMASS; CLIMATOLOGY; ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES; FOG; PARTICLE SIZE ANALYSIS; SCATTERING;

AEROSOL PROPERTY; ALBEDO; BIOMASS BURNING; FOG; MEGACITY; RADIATIVE FORCING; RADIATIVE TRANSFER; SCATTERING; WAVELENGTH; WINTER;

ASIA; DELHI; EURASIA; INDIA; SOUTH ASIA;

EID: 33845956850     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2005JD007029     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Ackerman, A. S., O. B. Toon, D. E. Stevens, A. J. Heymsfield, V. Ramanathan, and E. J. Welton (2000), Reduction of tropical cloudiness by soot, Science, 288, 1042-1047.
2. Anderson, T. L., D. S. Covert, J. D. Wheeler, J. M. Harris, K. D. Perry, B. E. Trost, D. J. Jaffe, and J. A. Ogren (1999), Aerosol backscatter fraction and single scattering albedo: Measured values and uncertainties at a coastal station in the Pacific Northwest, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 26,793-26,808.
3. Babu, S. S., S. K. Satheesh, and K. K. Moorthy (2002), Aerosol radiative forcing due to enhanced black carbon at an urban site in India, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(18), 1880, doi:10.1029/2002GL015826.
4. Bergstrom, R. W., P. B. Russell, and P. Hignett (2002), Wavelength dependence of the absorption of black carbon particles: Predictions and results from the TARFOX experiment and implications for the aerosol single scattering albedo, J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 567-577.
5. Bergstrom, R. W., P. Pilewskie, B. Schmid, and P. B. Russell (2003), Estimates of the spectral aerosol single scattering albedo and aerosol radiative radiative effects during SAFARI 2000, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D13), 8474, doi:10.1029/2002JD002435.
6. Bodhaine, B. A. (1995), Aerosol absorption measurements at Barrow, Mauna Loa and the South Pole, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 8967-8975.
7. Bond, T. C. (2001), Spectral dependence of visible light absorption by carbonaceous particles emitted from coal combustion, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 4075-4078.
8. Cachorro, V. E., R. Vergaz, and A. M. de Frutos (2001), A quantitative comparison of α-Angstrom turbidity parameter retrieved in different spectral ranges based on spectroradiometer solar radiation measurements, Atmos. Environ., 35, 5117-5124.
9. Campbell, J. R., D. L. Hlavka, E. J. Welton, C. J. Flynn, D. D. Turner, J. D. Spinhirne, V. S. Scott, and I. H. Hwang (2002), Full-time, eye-safe cloud and aerosol lidar observation at Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program sites: Instrument and data processing, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 19, 431-442.
10. Charlson, R. J., N. C. Ahlquist, and H. Horvath (1968), On the generality of correlation of atmospheric aerosol mass concentration and light scatter, Atmos. Environ., 2, 455-464.
11. Charlson, R. J., S. E. Schwartz, J. M. Hales, R. D. Cess, J. A. Coakley, J. E. Hansen, and D. J. Hoffmann (1992), Climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols, Science, 255, 423-430.
12. Eck, T. F., B. N. Holben, J. S. Reid, O. Dubovik, A. Smirnov, N. T. O'Neill, I. Slutsker, and S. Kinne (1999), Wavelength dependence of the optical depth of biomass burning, urban, and desert dust aerosols, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 31,333-31,349.
13. Frank, G., et al. (1998), Droplet formation and growth in polluted fogs, Contrib. Atmos. Phys., 71(1), 65-85.
14. Gaffney, J. S., and N. A. Marley (2003), Atmospheric chemistry and air pollution, Sci. World, 3, 199-234.
15. Ganguly, D., A. Jayaraman, and H. Gadhavi (2005a), In situ ship cruise measurements of mass concentration and size distribution of aerosols over Bay of Bengal and their radiative impacts, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D06205, doi:10.1029/2004JD005325.
16. Ganguly, D., A. Jayaraman, H. Gadhavi, and T. A. Rajesh (2005b), Features in wavelength dependence of aerosol absorption observed over central India, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L13821, doi:10.1029/2005GL023023.
17. Ganguly, D., H. Gadhavi, A. Jayaraman, T. A. Rajesh, and A. Misra (2005c), Single scattering albedo of aerosols over the central India: Implications for the regional aerosol radiative forcing, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L18803, doi:10.1029/2005GL023903.
18. Han, Z., D. C. Montague, and J. R. Snider (2003), Airborne measurements of aerosol extinction in the lower and middle troposphere over Wyoming, USA, Atmos. Environ., 37, 789-802.
19. Hansen, A. D. A., H. Rosen, and T. Novakov (1982), Real-time measurement of the absorption coefficient of aerosol particles, Appl. Opt., 21, 3060-3062.
20. Heintzenberg, J., and R. J. Charlson (1996), Design and applications of the integrating nephelometer: A review, J. Atmos. Oceanic Technol., 13, 987-1000.
21. Hess, M., P. Keopke, and I. Schult (1998), Optical properties of aerosols and clouds: The software package OPAC, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 79, 831-844.
22. Ignatov, A. M., L. L. Stowe, S. M. Sakerin, and G. K. Korotaev (1995), Validation of NOAA/NESDIS satellite aerosol product over North Atlantic in 1989, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 5123-5132.
23. Jacobson, M. Z. (2000), A physically-based treatment of elemental carbon optics: Implications for global direct forcing of aerosols, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 217-220.
24. Jacobson, M. Z. (2001), Strong radiative heating due to the mixing state of black carbon in the atmospheric aerosols, Nature, 409, 695-697.
25. Jayaraman, A., S. K. Satheesh, A. P. Mitra, and V. Ramanathan (2001), Latitude gradient in aerosol properties across the Inter Tropical Convergence Zone: Results from the joint Indo-US study on board Sagar Kanya, Current Sci., 80, 128-137.
26. Kaufman, Y. J., D. Tanre, and O. Boucher (2002), A satellite view of aerosols in the climate system, Nature, 419, 215-223.
27. Kirchstetter, T. W., T. Novakov, and P. V. Hobbs (2004), Evidence that the spectral dependence of light absorption by aerosols is affected by organic carbon, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D21208, doi:10.1029/2004JD004999.
28. Latha, K. M., and K. V. S. Badrinath (2005), Seasonal variations of black carbon aerosols and total aerosol mass concentrations over urban environment in India, Atmos. Environ., 39, 4129-4141.
29. Lillis, D., C. N. Cruz, J. Collett Jr., L. W. Richards, and S. N. Pandis (1999), Production and removal of aerosol in a polluted fog layer: Model evaluation and fog effect on PM, Atmos. Environ., 33, 4797-4816.
30. Mahn, W. C., and D. E. Day (2001), Estimates of aerosol species scattering characteristics as a function of relative humidity, Atmos. Environ., 35, 2845-2860.
31. Monkkonen, P., R. Uma, D. Srinivasan, I. K. Koponen, K. E. J. Lehtinen, K. Hameri, R. Suresh, V. P. Sharma, and M. Kulmala (2004), Relationship and variations of aerosol number and PM 10 mass concentrations in a highly polluted urban environment: New Delhi, India, Atmos. Environ., 38, 425-433.
32. Morys, M., F. M. Mims III, S. Hagerup, S. E. Anderson, A. Baker, J. Kia, and T. Walkup (2001), Design calibration, and performance of MICROTOPS II handheld ozone monitor and Sun photometer, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 14,573-14,582.
33. Novakov, T., M. O. Andreae, R. Gabriel, T. W. Kirchstetter, O. L. Mayol-Bracero, and V. Ramanathan (2000), Origin of carbonaceous aerosols over the tropical Indian Ocean: Biomass burning or fossil fuel, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 4061-4064.
34. Novakov, T., S. Menon, T. W. Kirchstetter, D. Koch, and J. E. Hansen (2005), Aerosol organic carbon to black carbon ratios: Analysis of published data and implications for climate forcing, J. Geophys. Res., 110, D21205, doi:10.1029/2005JD005977.
35. Pandis, S. N., and J. H. Seinfeld (1990), The smog-fog-smog cycle and acid deposition, J. Geophys. Res., 95, 18,489-18,500.
36. Pandithurai, G., R. T. Pinker, T. Takamura, and P. C. S. Devara (2004), Aerosol radiative forcing over a tropical urban city in India, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L12107, doi:10.1029/2004GL019702.
37. Penner, J. E., R. J. Charlson, J. M. Hales, N. S. Laulainen, R. Leifer, T. Novakov, J. Ogren, L. F. Radke, S. E. Schwartz, and L. Travis (1994), Quantifying and minimizing uncertainty of climate forcing by anthropogenic aerosols, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 75, 375-400.
38. Qiu, J., L. Yang, and X. Zhang (2004), Characteristics of imaginary part and single-scattering albedo of urban aerosols in northern China, Tellus, Ser. B, 56, 276-284.
39. Ramachandran, S., and A. Jayaraman (2003), Spectral aerosol optical depths over Bay of Bengal and Chennai: I. Measurements, Atmos. Environ., 37, 1941-1949.
40. Ramana, M., V. Ramanathan, I. A. Podgorny, B. B. Pradhan, and B. Shrestha (2004), The direct observations of large aerosol radiative forcing over the Himalayan region, Geophys. Res. Lett., 31, L05111, doi:10.1029/2003GL018824.
41. Ramanathan, V., and P. J. Crutzen (2003), New directions: Atmospheric brown clouds, Atmos. Environ., 37, 4033-4035.
42. Ramanathan, V., P. J. Crutzen, J. T. Kiehl, and D. Rosenfeld (2001), Aerosols, climate and the hydrological cycle, Science, 294, 2119-2124.
43. Ramanathan, V., C. Chung, D. Kim, T. Bettge, L. Buja, J. T. Kiehl, W. M. Washington, Q. Fu, D. R. Sikka, and M. Wild (2005), Atmospheric brown clouds: Impacts on south Asian climate and hydrological cycle, Proc. Natl. Acad Sci. U. S. A., 102, 5326-5333.
44. Reddy, M. S., and C. Venkataraman (2002), Inventory of aerosol and sulphur dioxide emissions from India: II. Biomass combustion, Atmos. Environ., 36, 699-712.
45. Reid, J. S., T. F. Eck, S. A. Christopher, P. V. Hobbs, and B. N. Holben (1999), Use of the Angstrom exponent to estimate the variability of optical and physical properties of aging smoke particles in Brazil, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 27,473-27,489.
46. Ricchiazzi, P., S. Yang, C. Gautier, and D. Sowle (1998), SBDART: A research and teaching tool for plane-parallel radiative transfer in the Earth's atmosphere, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 79, 2101-2114.
47. Russell, P. B., et al. (2002), Comparison of aerosol single scattering albedos derived by diverse techniques in two North Atlantic experiments, J. Atmos. Sci., 59, 609-619.
48. Sagar, R., B. Kumar, U. C. Dumka, K. K. Moorthy, and P. Pant (2004), Characteristics of aerosol spectral optical depths over Manora Peak: A high-altitude station in the central Himalayas, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D06207, doi:10.1029/2003JD003954.
49. Satheesh, S. K., and V. Ramanathan (2000), Large differences in tropical aerosol forcing at the top of the atmosphere and at the Earth's surface, Nature, 405, 60-62.
50. Seinfeld, J. H., and S. N. Pandis (1998), Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics: From Air Pollution to Climate Change, 1326 pp., Wiley-Interscience, Hoboken, N. J.
51. Singh, R. P., S. Dey, S. N. Tripathi, V. Tare, and B. Holben (2004), Variability of aerosol parameters over Kanpur, northern India, J. Geophys. Res., 109, D23206, doi:10.1029/2004JD004966.
52. Singh, S., S. Nath, R. Kohli, and R. Singh (2005), Aerosols over Delhi during pre-monsoon months: Characteristics and effects on surface radiation forcing, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L13808, doi:10.1029/ 2005GL023062.
53. Stowe, L. L., A. M. Ipatov, and R. R. Singh (1997), Development, validation and potential enhancements to the second generation operational aerosol product at the National Environmental Satellite, Data and Information Service of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 16,923-16,934.
54. Takemura, T., T. Nakajima, O. Dubovik, B. N. Holben, and S. Kinne (2002), Single scattering albedo and radiative forcing of various aerosol species with a global three dimensional model, J. Clim., 15(4), 333-352.
55. Tripathi, S. N., S. Dey, V. Tare, and S. K. Satheesh (2005), Aerosol black carbon radiative forcing at an industrial city in northern India, Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L08802, doi:10.1029/2005GL022515.
56. Venkataraman, C., K. Reddy, S. Josson, and M. S. Reddy (2002), Aerosol size and chemical characteristics at Mumbai, India, during the INDOEX-IFP (1999), Atmos. Environ., 36, 1979-1991.
57. Venkataraman, C., G. Habib, A. E. Fernandez, A. H. Miguel, and S. K. Friedlander (2005), Residential biofuels in south Asia: Carbonaceous aerosol emissions and climate impacts, Science, 307, 1454-1456.
58. Weingartner, E., H. Saathoff, M. Schnaiter, N. Streit, B. Bitnar, and U. Baltensperger (2003), Absorption of light by soot particles: Determination of the absorption coefficient by means of aethalometers, J. Aerosol Sci., 34, 1445-1463.
59. Welton, E. J., et al. (2000), Ground-based lidar measurements of aerosols during ACE-2: Instrument description, results, and comparisons with other ground-based and airborne measurements, Tellus, Ser. B, 52, 635-650.
60. Wielicki, B. A., T. Wong, N. Loeb, P. Minnis, K. Priestley, and R. Kandel (2005), Changes in Earth's albedo measured by satellite, Science, 308, 825.