Topography on the D′′ region from analysis of a thin dense layer beneath a convecting cell

Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors

Volumn 160, Issue 1, 2007, Pages 60-74

  Youngs, Bryony A R ^a   Houseman, Gregory A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF LEEDS   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Core mantle boundary; D topography; Forced convection; Viscous flow

Indexed keywords

BOUNDARY LAYERS; FORCED CONVECTION; PLASTIC FLOW; SEISMOLOGY; SURFACE TOPOGRAPHY; VISCOUS FLOW;

CORE-MANTLE BOUNDARY; DENSITY VARIATION; EXTERNAL TRACTION;

D REGION;

CORE-MANTLE BOUNDARY; DOWNWELLING; HEAT FLOW; LAYERED MEDIUM; MANTLE CONVECTION; SEISMIC METHOD; TOPOGRAPHY; UPWELLING; VISCOUS FLOW;

EID: 33845642233     PISSN: 00319201     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pepi.2006.09.003     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Davaille A. Simultaneous generation of hotspots and superswells by convection in a heterogeneous planetary mantle. Nature 402 (1999) 756-760
2. Davaille A. Two-layer thermal convection in miscible viscous fluids. J. Fluid Mech. 379 (1999) 223-253
3. Davies G.F., and Gurnis M. Interaction of mantle dregs with convection: lateral heterogeneity at the core-mantle boundary. Geophys. Res. Lett. 13 (1986) 1517-1520
4. Doornbos D.J., and Hilton T. Models of the core-mantle boundary and the travel times of internally reflected core phases. J. Geophys. Res. 94 (1989) 15741-15751
5. Forte A.M., and Peltier W.R. Mantle convection and core-mantle boundary topography: explanations and implications. Tectonophysics 187 (1991) 91-116
6. Garnero E. A new paradigm for earth's core-mantle boundary. Science 304 (2004) 834-836
7. Garnero E., Helmberger D., and Engen G. Lateral variations near the core-mantle boundary. Geophys. Res. Lett. 15 (1988) 609-612
8. Garnero E.J., Revenaugh J., Williams Q., and Lay T. Ultralow velocity zone at the core-mantle boundary. The core-mantle boundary region. Geodynamics 28 (1998) 319-334
9. Hansen U., and Yuen D.A. Numerical simulations of thermal-chemical instabilities at the core-mantle boundary. Nature 334 (1988) 237-240
10. Houseman G.A. The thermal structure of mantle plumes: axisymmetric or triple junction?. Geophys. J. Int. 102 (1990) 15-24
11. Jellinek A.M., and Manga M. The influence of a chemical boundary layer on the fixity, spacing and lifetime of mantle plumes. Nature 418 (2002) 760-766
12. Kellogg L.H. Growing the earth's D′′ layer: effect of density variations at the core-mantle boundary. Geophys. Res. Lett. 24 (1997) 2749-2752
13. Kendall J.-M., and Shearer P. Lateral variations in D′′ thickness from long-period shear wave data. J. Geophys. Res. 99 (1994) 11575-11590
14. Knittle E., and Jeanloz R. Earth's core-mantle boundary: results of experiments at high pressures and temperatures. Science 251 (1991) 1438-1443
15. Lay T., Williams Q., and Garnero E.J. The core-mantle boundary layer and deep Earth dynamics. Nature 392 (1998) 461-468
16. Le Bars M., and Davaille A. Stability of thermal convection in two superimposed miscible viscous fluids. J. Fluid Mech. 471 (2002) 339-363
17. Loper D.E., and Lay T. The core-mantle boundary region. J. Geophys. Res. 100 (1995) 6397-6420
18. Mao W.L., Mao H., Sturhahn W., Zhao J., Prakapenka V.B., Meng Y., Shu J., Fei Y., and Hemley R.J. Iron-rich post-perovskite and the origin of ultralow-velocity zones. Science 312 (2006) 564-565
19. McNamara A.K., and Zhong S. Thermochemical structure within a spherical mantle: superplumes or piles?. J. Geophys. Res. 109 (2004) B07402 doi:10.1029/2003J002847
20. Milne G.A., Davis J.L., Mitrovica J.X., Scherneck H.-G., Johansson J.M., Vermeer M., and Koivula H. Space-geodetic constraints on glacial isostatic adjustment in fennoscandia. Science 291 (2001) 2381-2385
21. Mitrovica J.X., Davis J.L., and Shapiro I.I. A spectral formalism for computing three-dimensional deformations due to surface loads. 2. Present-day glacial isostatic adjustment. J. Geophys. Res. 99 (1994) 7075-7101
22. Montague N.L., Kellogg L.H., and Manga M. High rayleigh number thermo-chemical models of a dense boundary layer in D′′. Geophys. Res. Lett. 25 (1998) 2345-2348
23. 3. Science 304 (2004) 855-858
24. 3 in Earth's D′′ layer. Nature 430 (2004) 445-448
25. Olson P., and Kincaid C. Experiments on the interaction of thermal convection and compositional layering at the base of the mantle. J. Geophys. Res. 96 (1991) 4347-4354
26. Rasenat S., Busse F.H., and Rehberg I. A theoretical and experimental study of double-layer convection. J. Fluid Mech. 199 (1989) 519-540
27. Sleep N.H. Gradual entrainment of a chemical layer at the base of the mantle by overlying convection. Geophys. J. 95 (1988) 437-447
28. Solomatov V.S., and Moresi L.-N. Small-scale convection in the D′′ layer. J. Geophys. Res. 107 (2002) doi:10.1029/2000JB000063
29. Sze E.K., and van der Hilst R.D. Core-mantle boundary topography from short period PcP, PKP and PKKP data. Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 135 (2003) 27-46
30. Tackley P.J. Three-dimensional simulations of mantle convection with a thermo-chemical basal boundary layer: D′′? The core-mantle boundary region. Geodynamics 28 (1998) 231-253
31. Thomas C., Kendall J.-M., and Lowman J. Lower-mantle seismic discontinuities and the thermal morphology of subducted slabs. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 225 (2004) 105-113
32. Wen L., Silver P., James D., and Kuehnel R. Seismic evidence for a thermo-chemical boundary at the base of the Earth's mantle. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 189 (2001) 141-153
33. Williams Q., Revenaugh J., and Garnero E. A correlation between ultra-low basal velocities in the mantle and hot spots. Science 281 (1998) 546-549
34. Wysession M.E., Lay T., Revenaugh J., Williams Q., Garnero E.J., Jeanloz R., and Kellogg L.H. The D′′ discontinuity and its implications. The core-mantle boundary region. Geodynamics 28 (1998) 273-297
35. Zhong S., and Hager B.H. Entrainment of a dense layer by thermal plumes. Geophys. J. Int. 154 (2003) 666-676