Rescaling gender relations: The influence of European directives on the German gender regime

Social Politics

Volumn 13, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 522-550

  MacRae, Heather ^a  

^a CARLETON UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 33845499719     PISSN: 10724745     EISSN: 14682893     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/sp/jxl009     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Bomberg, Elizabeth, and Alexander Stubb, eds. 2003. The European Union: How Does It Work? Oxford: Oxford University Press.
2. Börzel, Tanja, and Thomas Risse. 2003. "Conceptualizing the Domestic Impact of Europe." In The Politics of Europeanization, eds. Kevin Featherstone and Claudio Radaelli, 57-80. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
3. Brenner, Neil. 2001. "The Limits to Scale? Methodological Reflections on Scalar Structuration." Progress in Human Geography 25 (4): 591-614.
4. Castree, Noel. 2000. "Geographic Scale and Grass-Roots Internationalism: The Liverpool Dock Dispute, 1995-1998." Economic Geography 73 (3): 272-92.
5. Chicowski, Rachel. 2000. "The Institutionalization of Sex Equality for Europe: Women Activists and the European Court." University of California eScholarship Repository 2000-03, 1-39 Berkeley: Centre for Culture Organization and Politics, University of California.
6. Cini, Michelle. 2004. European Union Politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
7. Commission of the European Communities. 1973. Proposal for a Council Directive on the Approximation of the Laws of Member States Concerning the Application of the Principle of Equal Pay for Men and Women Contained in Article 119 of the EEC Treaty. COM (73) 1927 final, November 14, 1973, Brussels.
8. _. 1979. Bericht der Kommisison an den Rat über den Stand der Anwendung des Grundsatzes des gleichen Arbeitsentgelts für Männer und Frauen zum 12. Februar 1978. Com (78) 711 final, January 16, 1979, Brussels.
9. Connell, Robert W. 1987. Gender and Power. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1998.
10. Council of the European Communities. 1976. Council Directive 76/207/EEC of 9 February 1976 on the implementation of the principle of equal treatment for men and women as regards access to employment, vocational training and promotion, and working conditions. Official Journal L39, 14.2.76: 40.
11. Council of Ministers. 1974a. Note: Meeting on 9 July 1974 of the Working Party on Social Questions. 1422/74 (SOC 163), August 6, Brussels.
12. _. 1974b. Note: Meeting of the Working Party on Social Questions on 11 September 1974. 1622/74 (SOC 194), September 25, Brussels.
13. _. 1974c. Note: Report by the Working Party on Social Questions to the Permanent Representatives Committee. DOC R/2937/74 (SOC 246), November 20, Brussels.
14. _. 1974d. Note. DOC R2809/74 (SOC 235), October 31, Brussels.
15. Cowles, Maria Green, James Caporaso, and Thomas Risse, eds. 2001. Transforming Europe. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
16. Crouch, Colin, and Maarten Keune. 2005. "Rapid Change by Endogenous Actors: The Utility of Institutional Incongruence." Draft chapter for Beyond Continuity: Institutional Change in Advanced Political Economies, eds. Wolfgang Streek and Kathleen Thelen, 83-102. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
17. Deeg, Richard. 2001. "Institutional Change and the Uses and Limits of Path Dependency: The Case of German Finance." In MPIfG Discussion Paper 01/6. Köln, Germany: Max-Planck-Institut für Gesellschaftsforschung. Available at http://www.mpi-fg-koeln.mpg.de/pu/dp00-01-en.html (accessed May 2004).
18. _. 2005. "Changes from Within: German and Italian Finance in the 1990s." In Beyond Continuity: Institutional Change in Advanced Political Economies, eds. Wolfgang Streek and Kathleen Thelen, 169-202. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
19. Delaney, David, and Helga Leitner. 1997. "The Political Construction of Scale." Political Geography 16(1): 93-97.
20. Dolowitz, David P., and Marsh, David. 2000. "Learning from Abroad: The Role of Policy Transfer in Contemporary Policy-Making." Governance 13:1.
21. Esping-Andersen, Gøsta. 1990. The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
22. _. 1996. Welfare States in Transition. London: Sage.
23. Esping-Andersen, Gøsta, Duncan Gallie, Anton Hemerijck, and John Myles. 2001. "A New Welfare Architecture for Europe?" In Report Submitted to the Belgian Presidency of the European Union. Brussels, Belgium: European Union.
24. European Court of Justice. 1971. Defrenne v. Belgian State. ECJ Case 80/70 Judgment of 25/05/1971, European Court Reports 445.
25. _. 1976. Defrenne v. SABENA. ECJ Case 43/75 Judgment of 08/04/ 1976, European Court Reports 455.
26. _. 1978. Defrenne v. SABENA. ECJ Case 149/77 Judgment of 15/06/ 1978, European Court Reports 1365.
27. _. 1984. Sabina Von Colson and Elisabeth Kamann v. Land Nordrhein-Westphalen. Case 14/83 Judgement of April 10, 1984. European Court Reports 1891.
28. _. 1995. Kalanke v. Preie Hansestadt Bremen. Case C-450/93 Judgement of October 17, 1995. European Court Reports 1-3051.
29. _. 1997. Hellmut Marschall v. Land Nordrhein Westfalen. Case C-409/95 Judgement of November 11, 1997. European Court Reports 1-6363.
30. Featherstone, Kevin, and Claudio Radaelli, eds. 2003. The Politics of Europeanization. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
31. Garhammer, Manfred. 2000. "Employment Options of the Future - Actual and Preferred Working Hours." In National Working Paper for Germany (Translated version). Dublin: European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions.
32. Guenther, Katja. This issue. "'A Bastion of Sanity in a Crazy World': A Case Study of the State-Centred Feminist Movement in Eastern Germany." Social Politics. Advance Access published November 1, 2006, doi:10.1093/sp/jxl010.
33. Helferrich, Barbara, and Felix Kolb. 2001. "Multilevel Action Coordination in European Contentious Politics: The Case of the European Women's Lobby." In Contentious Europeans, eds. Sidney Tarrow and Doug Imig, 143-161. Oxford: Rowman and Littlefield.
34. Hörburger, Hortense, and Fritz Rath-Hörburger. n.d. Europas Frauen - gleichberechtigt? Die Politik der EG Länder zur Gleichberechtigung der Frau im Arbeitsleben, WI-Verlag, Düsseldorf.
35. Hoskyns, Catherine. 1996. Integrating Gender: Women, Law and Politics in the European Union. London: Verso.
36. Jessop, Bob. 2002. "Liberalism, Neo-liberalism and Urban governance: A State Theoretical Perspective." Antipode 34 (3): 452-72.
37. Keck, Margaret E., and Kathryn Sikkink. 1998. Activists Beyond Borders. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
38. Kodré, Petra, and Henrike Müller. 2003. "Shifting Policy Frames: EU Equal Treatment Norms and Domestic Discourse in Germany." In Gendering Europeanisation, ed. Ulrike Liebert, 83-116. Brussels: P.I.E. - Peter Lang.
39. Kreyenfeld, Petra, and Karsten Hank. 2000. "Does the Availability of Child Care Influence the Employment of Mothers? Findings from Western Germany." Population Research and Policy Review 19:317-37.
40. Leitner, Helga. 1997. "Reconfiguring the Spatiality of Power - The Construction of a Supra-National Migration Framework for the European Union." Political Geography 16 (2): 123-43.
41. Liebert, Ulrike. 1999. "Gender Politics in the European Union: The Return of the Public." European Societies 1 (2): 197-239.
42. _, ed. 2003. Gendering Europeanisation. Brussels: P.I.E.-Peter Lang.
43. Mahon, Rianne, Caroline Andrew, and Robert Johnson. 2004. "Policy in an Era of Glocalisation: A Multi-Scalar Process." In On the Cutting Edge: New Directions in Canadian Public Policy, eds. Michael Orsini and Miriam Smith. Vancouver: UBC Press.
44. Maunz, Theodor, and Günther Dürig, eds. 1973. Grundgesetzkommentar. Munich, Germany: Beck'she Verlag.
45. Mazey, Sonia. 1998. "The European Union and Women's Rights: From the Europeanization of national agendas to the nationalization of a European agenda?" Journal of European Public Policy 5 (1): 131-52.
46. McKeen, Wendy. 1999. "The Radical Potential of the European Community's Equality Legislation." In Feminism, Political Economy and the State: Contested Terrain, eds. Pat Armstrong and M. Patricia Connelly. Toronto, ON: Canadian Scholar's Press.
47. Mény, Yves, Pierre Müller, and Jean-Louis Quermonne, eds. 1996. Adjusting to Europe: The Impact of the European Union on National Institutions and Policies. London: Routledge.
48. O'Connor, Julia S, Ann Shola Orloff, and Sheila Shaver. 1999. States, Market, Families: Gender, Liberalism and Social Policy in Australia, Canada, Great Britain and the United States. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
49. Olsen, Johan P. (2002) "The Many Faces of Europeanization." Arena Working Papers 01/2. Oslo, Norway.
50. Ostner, Ilona, and Jane Lewis. 1994. "Gender and the Evolution of European Social Policies." ZeS-Arbeitspapier Nr. 4/94. Bremen: Universität Bremen.
51. Peck, Jamie. 2002. "Political Economies of Scale: Fast Policy, Interscalar Relations, and Neoliberal Workfare." Economic Geography 78 (3): 331-60.
52. Pfau-Effinger, Birgit. 1999. "Welfare Regimes and the Gender Division of Labour." In Reshaping European Employment Systems, eds. Jens Christiansen, Pertti Koistinen, and Anne Kovatainen. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate Publishing.
53. Quataert, Jean H. 1996. "Writing the History of Women and Gender in Imperial Germany." In Society, Culture and the State in Germany 1870-1930, ed. Geoff Eley, 43-65. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
54. Radaelli, Claudio M. 2000. "Whither Europeanization? Concept Stretching and Substantive Change." EIoP 4 (8).
55. _. 2003. "The Europeanization of Public Policy." In The Politics of Europeanization, eds. Kevin Featherstone and Claudio Radaelli, 27-56. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
56. Randall, Vicky. 2000. "Childcare Policy in the European State: Limits to Convergence." Journal of European Public Policy 7 (3): 346-368.
57. Rudolph, Hedwig. 1992. "Women's Labour Market Experience in the Two Germanies." In Women's Work and Women's Lives: The Continuing Struggle Worldwide, eds. Hilda Kahn and Janet Giele, 169-186. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.
58. Sainsbury, Diane. 1999. Gender and Welfare State Regimes. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
59. Scully, Roger. 2004. "The European Parliament." In European Union Politics, ed. Michelle Cini, 166-78. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
60. Seeland, Suzanne. 1977. "Die Konferenz der Frauen." Der Tagesspiegel, September 25, p. 44.
61. Selbert, Elisabeth. 1981. "Zur entstehungsgeschichte von Art. 3 Abs. 2 des Grundgesetzes im Parlamentarischen Rat." In Informationen für die Frau, ed. Deutscher Frauenrat, 16-18. Germany: Bonn-Bad Godesberg.
62. Smith, Neil. 1992. "Geography, Difference and the Politics of Scale." In Postmodernism and the Social Sciences, eds. Joe Doherty, Elspeth Graham, and Mo Malek, 57-79. New York: St. Martin's Press.
63. _. 2000. "Scale." In The Dictionary of Human Geography, 4th ed., eds. Ronald John Johnston, Derek Gregory, Geraldine Pratt, and Michael Watts, 724-27. Oxford: Blackwell.
64. Sifft, Stefanie. 2004. "The Boomerang Pattern: Pushing for the Europeanization of British Equal Opportunities." Paper presented at the Young Scholars Conference on the Impact of Europeanization on Politics and Policy in Europe.
65. Stratigaki, Maria. 2004. "The Cooptation of Gender Concepts in EU Policies: The Case of Reconciliation of Work and Family." Social Politics 11 (1): 30-56.
66. Streek, Wolfgang, and Kathleen Thelen. 2005. Beyond Continuity: Institutional Change in Advanced Political Economies. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
67. Tarrow, Sidney, and Doug Imig, eds. 2001. Contentious Europeans: Protest and Politics in an Emerging Polity. Oxford: Rowman and Littlefield.
68. von Wahl, Angelika. 2005. "Liberal, Conservative, Social Democratic or... European? Europeanization and the Case of Equal Employment Regimes in the EU." Social Politics 12 (1): 67-95.
69. Walby, Sylvia. 2001. "From Gendered Welfare State to Gender Regimes: National Differences, Convergence or Re-Structuring?" Available at http://www.sociology.su.se/cgs/Walbypaper.doc. (accessed January 2005).
70. _. 2004. "The European Union and Gender Equality: Emergent Varieties of Gender Regime." Social Politics 11:4-29.
71. Weber, Maria. 1972. "Bewertung der Frauenarbeit in der Fertigung." Speech delivered to the Frauenrat, November 11, 1971.
72. Reprinted in Informationen für die Frau Nr. 1, 4-6.