Genetics, behavior and ecology of a paper wasp invasion: Polistes dominulus in North America

Annales Zoologici Fennici

Volumn 43, Issue 5-6, 2006, Pages 595-624

  Liebert, Aviva E ^a   Gamboa, George J ^c   Stamp, Nancy E ^b   Curtis, Tracy R ^b   Monnet, Kimberley M ^c   Turillazzi, Stefano ^d   Starks, Philip T ^a  

^a TUFTS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b BINGHAMTON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c OAKLAND UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITY OF FLORENCE   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY; BIOLOGICAL INVASION; COMPARATIVE STUDY; DEMOGRAPHIC TREND; ECOLOGICAL IMPACT; GENETIC VARIATION; INTRODUCED SPECIES; INVASIBILITY; NATIVE SPECIES; SOCIAL INSECT; SYMPATRY; WASP;

NORTH AMERICA; UNITED STATES;

FORMICIDAE; HEXAPODA; POLISTES DOMINULUS; POLISTINAE;

EID: 33845250387     PISSN: 0003455X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (150)

1. Allendorf, F. W. & Lundquist, L. L. 2003: Introduction: population biology, evolution, and control of invasive species. - Conserv. Biol. 17: 24-30.
2. Arduser, M. S. & Stevens, J. A. 1999: Polistes dominulus (Christ) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) established in St. Louis, Missouri. - J. Kans. Entomol. Soc. 72: 334-335.
3. Armstrong, T. R. & Stamp, N. E. 2003a: Colony productivity and foundress behaviour of a native wasp versus an invasive social wasp. - Ecol. Entomol. 28: 635-644.
4. Armstrong, T. R. & Stamp, N. E. 2003b: Effects of prey quantity on predatory wasps (Polistes dominulus) when patch quality differs. - Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 54: 310-319.
5. Baker, H. G. 1965: Characteristics and modes of origin of weeds. - In: Baker, H. G. & Stebbins, G. L. (eds.), The genetics of colonizing species: 147-168. Academic Press, New York.
6. Borkent, C. J. & Cannings, R. A. 2004: Polistes dominulus (Christ) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae) in British Columbia: first collection records of an invasive European paper wasp in Canada. - J. Entomol. Soc. Brit. Columbia 101: 149-150.
7. Briskie, J. V. & Mackintosh, M. 2004: Hatching failure increases with severity of population bottlenecks in birds. - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101: 558-561.
8. Cabe, P. R. 1998: The effects of founding bottlenecks on genetic variation in the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris) in North America. - Heredity 80: 519-525.
9. Cardale, J. C. 1985: Hymenoptera: Vespoidea, and Sphecoidea. - In: Walton, D. W. (ed.), Zoological catalogue of Australia, 2: 150-381. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra.
10. Carpenter, J. M. 1996a: Distributional checklist of species of the genus Polistes (Hymenoptera: Vespidae; Polistinae, Polistini). - American Museum of Natural History, New York.
11. Carpenter, J. M. 1996b: Phylogeny and biogeography of Polistes. - In: Turillazzi, S. & West-Eberhard, M. J. (eds.), Natural history and evolution of paper-wasps: 18-57. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
12. Cervo, R., Zacchi, F. & Turillazzi, S. 2000: Polistes dominulus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) invading North America; some hypotheses for its rapid spread. - Insectes Soc. 47: 155-157.
13. Chapman, R. E. & Bourke, A. F. G. 2001: The influence of sociality on the conservation biology of social insects. - Ecol. Lett. 4: 650-662.
14. Clapperton, B. K., Tilley, J. A. V. & Pierce, R. J. 1996: Distribution and abundance of the Asian paper wasp Polistes chinensis antennalis Perez and the Australian paper wasp P. humilis (Fab.) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) in New Zealand. - New Zealand Journal of Zoology 23: 19-25.
15. Cornuet, J. M. & Luikart, G. 1996: Description and power analysis of two tests for detecting recent population bottlenecks from allele frequency data. - Genetics 144: 2001-2014.
16. Crozier, R. H., Kaufmann, B., Carew, M. E. & Crozier, Y. C. 1999: Mutability of microsatellites developed for the ant Camponotus consobrinus. - Mol. Ecol. 8: 271-276.
17. Curtis, T. R. 2005: Mechanisms facilitating the success of an invasive social wasp species in North America relative to a native species. - Ph.D. thesis, Binghamton University, SUNY.
18. Curtis, T. R., Aponte, Y. & Stamp, N. E. 2005: Nest paper absorbency, toughness, and protein concentration of a native vs. an invasive social wasp. - J. Chem. Ecol. 31: 1089-1100.
19. Curtis, T. R. & Stamp, N. E. 2006: Effects of human presence on two social wasp species. - Ecol. Entomol. 31: 13-19.
20. Dani, F. R. & Cervo, R. 1992: Reproductive strategies following nest loss in Polistes gallicus (L.) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). - Ethol. Ecol. Evol. Special Issue 2: 49-53.
21. Dani, F. R., Jones, G. R., Destri, S., Spencer, S. H. & Turillazzi, S. 2001: Deciphering the recognition signature within the cuticular chemical profile of paper wasps. - Anim. Behav. 62: 165-171.
22. Dapporto, L., Pansolli, C. & Turillazzi, S. 2004: Hibernation clustering and its consequences for associative nest foundation in Polistes dominulus (Hymenoptera Vespidae). - Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 56: 315-321.
23. Dapporto, L., Palagi, E. & Turillazzi, S. 2005: Sociality outside the nest: helpers in pre-hibernating clusters of Polistes dominulus. - Ann. Zool. Fennici 42: 135-139.
24. Ehler, L. E. 1998: Invasion biology and biological control. - Biol. Control 13: 127-133.
25. Eickwort, G. C. 1978: Polistes dominulus discovered near Boston. - Polistine Information Bulletin Newsletter.
26. Elliot, N., Kieckhefer, R. & Kauffman, W. 1996: Effects of an invading coccinellid on native coccinellids in an agricultural landscape. - Oecologia 105: 537-544.
27. Ferro, D. N. & McNeil, J. N. 1998: Habitat enhancement and conservation of natural enemies of insects. - In: Barbosa, P. (ed.), Conservation biological control: 123-132. Academic Press, San Diego.
28. Fonseca, D. M., LaPointe, D. A. & Fleischer, R. C. 2000: Bottlenecks and multiple introductions: population genetics of the vector of avian malaria in Hawaii. - Mol. Ecol. 9: 1803-1814.
29. Frankham, R. 1998: Inbreeding and extinction: Island populations. - Conserv. Biol. 12: 665-675.
30. Frankham, R. & Rails, K. 1998: Conservation biology - inbreeding leads to extinction. - Nature 392: 441-442.
31. Furuta, K. 1983: Behavioral response of the Japanese paper wasp (Polistes jadwigae Dalla Torre: Hymenoptera: Vespidae) to the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.: Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae). - Appl. Entomol. Zool. 18: 464-474.
32. Gamboa, G. J. 1978: Intraspecific defense: advantage of social cooperation among paper wasp foundresses. - Science 199: 1463-1465.
33. Gamboa, G. J. 1996: Kin recognition in social wasps. - In: Turillazzi, S. & West-Eberhard, M. J. (eds.), Natural history and evolution of paper-wasps: 161-177. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
34. Gamboa, G. J. & Stump, K. A. 1996: The timing of conflict and cooperation among cofoundresses of the social wasp Polistes fuscatus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). - Can. J. Zool. 74: 70-74.
35. Gamboa, G. J., Foster, R. L., Scope, J. A. & Bitterman, A. M. 1991: Effects of stage of colony cycle, context, and intercolony distance on conspecific tolerance by paper wasps (Polistes fuscatus). - Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 29: 87-94.
36. Gamboa, G. J., Wacker, T. L., Duffy, K. G., Dobson, S. W. & Fishwild, T. G. 1992: Defence against intraspecific usurpation by paper wasp cofoundresses (Polistes fuscatus, Hymenoptera: Vespidae). - Can. J. Zool. 70: 2369-2372.
37. Gamboa, G. J., Greig, E. I. & Thom, M. C. 2002: The comparative biology of two sympatric paper wasps, the native Polistes fuscatus and the invasive Polistes dominulus (Hymenoptera, Vespidae). - Insectes Soc. 49: 45-49.
38. Gamboa, G. J., Noble, M. A., Thom, M. C., Togal, J. L., Srinivasan, R. & Murphy, B. D. 2004: The comparative biology of two sympatric paper wasps in Michigan, the native Polistes fuscatus and the invasive Polistes dominulus (Hymenoptera, Vespidae). - Insectes Soc. 51: 153-157.
39. Gibo, D. L. 1972: Hibernation sites and temperature tolerance of two species of Vespula and one species of Polistes (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). - J. New York Entomol. Soc. 80: 105-108.
40. Gibo, D. L. 1978: The selective advantage of foundress associations in Polistes fuscatus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae): a field study of the effects of predation on productivity. - Can. Entomol. 110: 519-540.
41. Gibo, D. L. 1980a: Overwintering of Polistes fuscatus in Canada: use of abandoned nests of Dolichovespula arenaria. - J. New York Entomol. Soc. 88: 146-150.
42. Gibo, D. L. 1980b: Apparent nest site competition between the paper wasp Polistes fuscatus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) and the house wren. - J. New York Entomol. Soc. 88: 143-145.
43. Gillaspy, J. E. 1979: Management of Polistes wasps for caterpillar predation. - Southwest Entomol. 4: 334-352.
44. Giraud, T., Pedersen, J. S. & Keller, L. 2002: Evolution of supercolonies: The Argentine ants of southern Europe. - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99: 6075-6079.
45. Goudet, J. 2001: FSTAT, a program to estimate and test gene diversities and fixation indices (v. 2.9.3). - Available on the web at http://www.unil.cn/izea/software/fstat.htm.
46. Gould, W. P. & Jeanne, R. L. 1984: Polistes wasps (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) as control agents for lepidopterous cabbage pests. - Environ. Entomol. 13: 150-156.
47. Hänfling, B. & Kollmann, J. 2002: An evolutionary perspective of biological invasions. - Trends Ecol. Evol. 17: 545-546.
48. Hathaway, M. A. 1981: Polistes gallicus in Massachusetts (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). - Psyche 88: 169-173.
49. Henshaw, M. T. 2000: Microsatellite loci for the social wasp Polistes dominulus and their application in other polistine wasps. - Mol. Ecol. 9: 2155-2234.
50. Hoebeke, E. R. & Wheeler, A. G. Jr. 2005: First records of adventive Hymenoptera (Argidae, Megachilidae, Tenthredinidae, and Vespidae) from the Canadian Maritimes and the United States. - Ent. News 116: 159-166.
51. Holway, D. A. & Suarez, A. V. 1999: Animal behavior: an essential component of invasion biology. - Trends Ecol. Evol. 14: 328-330.
52. Hughes, D. P., Beani, L., Turillazzi, S. & Kathirithamby, J. 2003: Prevalence of the parasite Strepsiptera in Polistes as detected by dissection of immatures. - Insectes Soc. 50: 62-68.
53. Hughes, D. P., Kathirithamby, J. & Beani, L. 2004a: Prevalence of the parasite Strepsiptera in adult Polistes wasps: field collections and literature overview. - Ethol. Ecol. Evol. 16: 363-375.
54. Hughes, D. P., Kathirithamby, J., Turillazzi, S. & Beani, L. 2004b: Social wasps desert the colony and aggregate outside if parasitized: parasite manipulation? - Behav. Ecol. 15: 1037-1043.
55. Hurd, L. E. & Eisenberg, R. M. 1984: Experimental density manipulation of the predator Tenodera sinensis (Orthoptera: Mantidae) in an old field community. I. Mortality, development and dispersal of juvenile mantids. - J. Anim. Ecol. 53: 269-281.
56. IPCC [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] 1996. Climate change 1995 - The science of climate change. Contribution of Working Group I to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. - Cambridge University Press.
57. IPCC [Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] 2001. Climate change 2001: the scientific basis. Con-tribution of Working Group I to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. - Cambridge University Press.
58. Jacobson, R. S. 1986: Polistes dominulus in New Jersey. - Sphecos 13: 22.
59. Jacobson, R. S. 1988: Polistes dominulus Christ in New Jersey. - Sphecos 16: 12.
60. Jacobson, R. S. 1991a: Polistes dominulus spreading in USA. - Sphecos 21: 14.
61. Jacobson, R. S. 1991b: Polistes dominulus spreads. - Sphecos 22: 9.
62. Jacobson, R. S. 1994: Polistes dominulus in Ohio. - Sphecos 27: 14.
63. Jacobson, R. S. 1996: Polistes dominulus in Maryland. - Sphecos 30: 8.
64. Jeanne, R. L. & Morgan, R. 1992: The influence of temperature on nest site choice and reproductive strategy in a temperate zone Polistes wasp. - Ecol. Entomol. 17: 135-141.
65. Johnson, R. N. & Starks, P. T. 2004: A surprising level of genetic diversity in an invasive wasp: Polistes dominulus in the northeastern United States. - Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 97: 732-737.
66. Judd, T. M. & Carpenter, J. M. 1996: Polistes dominulus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) found in Michigan. - Gt. Lakes Entomol. 29: 45-46.
67. Kasuya, E. 1980: Behavioral ecology of Japanese paper wasps, Polistes spp. (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). I. Extranidal activities of Polistes chinensis antennalis. - Research in Population Ecology 22: 242-254.
68. Kolbe, J. J., Glore, R. E., Schettino, L. R., Lara, A. C., Larson, A. & Losos, J. B. 2004: Genetic variation increases during biological invasion by a Cuban lizard. - Nature 431: 177-181.
69. Konovalov, D. A., Manning, C. & Henshaw, M. T. 2004: KinGroup: A program for pedigree relationship reconstruction and kin group assignments using genetic markers. - Mol. Ecol. Notes 4: 779-782.
70. Kudo, K. 2000: Variable investments in nests and worker production by the foundresses of Polistes chinensis (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). - J. Ethol. 18: 37-41.
71. Kudo, K., Yamane, S. & Yamamoto, H. 1998: Physiological ecology of nest construction and protein flow in pre-emergence colonies of Polistes chinensis (Hymenoptera, Vespidae): effect of rainfall and microclimates. - Ethol. Ecol. Evol. 10: 171-183.
72. Lambrinos, J. G. 2004: How interactions between ecology and evolution influence contemporary invasion dynamics. - Ecology 85: 2061-2070.
73. Landis, D. A., Wratton, S. D. & Gurr, G. M. 2000: Habitat management to conserve natural enemies of arthropod pests in agriculture. - Annu. Rev. Entomol. 45: 175-201.
74. Landolt, P. J. & Antonelli, A. 1999: The paper wasp Polistes dominulus (Christ) (Hymenoptera : Vespidae) in the State of Washington. - Pan-Pac. Entomol. 75: 58-59.
75. Lawson, F. R., Rabb, R. I., Gutherie, F. E. & Bowerv, T. G. 1961: Studies of an integrated control system for hornworms on tobacco. - J. Econ. Entomol. 54: 93-97.
76. Lee, C. E. 2002: Evolutionary genetics of invasive species. - Trends Ecol. Evol. 17: 386-391.
77. Le Page, S. L., Livermore, R. A., Cooper, D. W. & Taylor, A. C. 2000: Genetic analysis of a documented population bottleneck: introduced Bennett's wallabies (Macropus rufogriseus rufogriseus) in New Zealand. - Mol. Ecol. 9: 753-763.
78. Letourneau, D. K. 1998: Conservation biology: lessons for conserving natural enemies. - In: Barbosa, P. (ed.), Conservation biological control: 9-38. Academic Press, San Diego.
79. Levine, J. M. & D'Antonio, C. M. 2003: Forecasting biological invasions with increasing international trade. - Conserv. Biol. 17: 322-326.
80. Lewis, P. O. & Zaykin, D. 2001: Genetic Data Analysis: Computer program for the analysis of allelic data. ver. 1.0 (d16c). - Available on the web http://lewis.eeb.uconn.edu/lewishome/software.html.
81. Liebert, A. E. & Starks, P. T. 2006: Taming of the skew: transactional models fail to predict reproductive partitioning in the paper wasp Polistes dominulus. - Anim. Behav. 71: 913-923.
82. Liebert, A. E., Nonacs, P. & Wayne, R. K. 2005a: Solitary nesting and reproductive success in the paper wasp Polistes aurifer. - Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. 57: 445-456.
83. Liebert, A. E., Sumana, A. & Starks, P. T. 2005b: Diploid males and their triploid offspring in the paper wasp Polistes dominulus. - Biol. Lett. 1: 200-203.
84. Liebert, A. E., Johnson, R. N., Switz, G. T. & Starks, P. T. 2004: Triploid females and diploid males: underreported phenomena in Polistes wasps? - Insectes Soc. 51: 205-211.
85. Lorenzi, M. C. & Turillazzi, S. 1986: Behavioural and ecological adaptations to the high mountain environment of Polistes biglumis bimaculatus. - Ecol. Entomol. 11: 199-204.
86. Mead, F. & Pratte, M. 2002: Prey supplementation increases productivity in the social wasp Polistes dominulus Christ (Hymenoptera Vespidae). - Ethol. Ecol. Evol. 14: 111-128.
87. Menke, A. S. 1993: Polistes dominulus in Connecticut. - Sphecos 24: 12.
88. Moller, H. 1996: Lessons for invasion theory from social insects. - Biol. Conserv. 78: 125-142.
89. Mooney, H. A. & Cleland, E. E. 2001: The evolutionary impact of invasive species. - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98: 5446-5451.
90. Nadeau, H. & Stamp, N. 2003: Effect of prey quantity and temperature on nest demography of social wasps. - Ecol. Entomol. 28: 328-339.
91. Nannoni, A., Cervo, R. & Turillazzi, S. 2001: Foraging activity in European Polistes wasps (Hymenoptera Vespidae). - Boll. Soc. Entomol. Ital. 133: 67-78.
92. Nei, M., Maruyama, T. & Chakraborty, R. 1975: The bottleneck effect and genetic variability in populations. - Evolution 29: 1-10.
93. Nelson, J. M. 1968: Parasites and symbionts of nests of Polistes wasps. - Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 61: 1528-1539.
94. Noonan, K. M. 1979: Individual strategies of inclusive-fitness- maximizing in foundresses of the social wasp, Polistes fuscatus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). - Ph.D. thesis, University of Michigan.
95. Noor, M. A. F., Pascual, M. & Smith, K. R. 2000: Genetic variation in the spread of Drosophila subobscura from a nonequilibrium population. - Evolution 54: 696-703.
96. Owen, J. 1962: The behavior of a social wasp Polistes fuscatus (Vespidae) at the nest, with special reference to differences between individuals. - Ph.D. thesis, University of Michigan.
97. Pardi, L. 1948: Dominance order in Polistes wasps. - Physiol. Zool. 21: 1-13.
98. Parker, I. M., Rodriguez, J. & Loik, M. E. 2003: An evolutionary approach to understanding the biology of invasions: local adaptation and general-purpose genotypes in the weed Verbascum thapsus. - Conserv. Biol. 17: 59-72.
99. Pekkarinen, A. & Gustaffson, B. 1999: Polistes species in northern Europe (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). - Ent. Fennica 10: 191-197.
100. Pickett, K. M. & Wenzel, J. W. 2000: High productivity in haplometrotic colonies of the introduced paper wasp Polistes dominulus (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Polistinae). - J. New York Entomol. Soc. 108: 314-325.
101. Piry, S., Luikart, G. & Cornuet, J. M. 1999: BOTTLENECK: A computer program for detecting recent reductions in the effective population size using allele frequency data. - J. Hered. 90: 502-503.
102. Pyke, G. H., Pulliam, H. R. & Charnov, E. L. 1977: Optimal foraging: a selective review of theory and tests. - Quart. Rev. Biol. 52: 137-154.
103. Queller, D. C., Zacchi, F., Cervo, R., Turillazzi, S., Henshaw, M. T., Santorelli, L. A. & Strassmann, J. E. 2000: Unrelated helpers in a social insect. - Nature 405: 784-786.
104. Rabb, R. L. 1960: Biological studies of Polistes in North Carolina (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). - Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am. 53: 111-121.
105. Rabb, R. L. & Lawson, F. R. 1957: Some factors influencing the predation of Polistes wasps on the tobacco hornworm. - J. Econ. Entomol. 50: 778-784.
106. Rasner, C. A., Yeh, P., Eggert, L. S., Hunt, K. E., Woodruff, D. S. & Price, T. D. 2004: Genetic and morphological evolution following a founder event in the dark-eyed junco, Junco hyemalis thurberi. - Mol. Ecol. 13: 671-681.
107. Rau, P. 1929: The habitat and dissemination of four species of Polistes wasps. - Ecology 10: 191-200.
108. Rau, P. 1941: Birds as enemies of Polistes wasps. - Can. Ent. 73: 196.
109. Raveret Richter, M. A. 2000: Social wasp (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) foraging behavior. - Annu. Rev. Entomol. 45:121-150.
110. Reeve, H. K. 1991: Polistes. - In: Ross, K. G. & Matthews, R. W. (eds.), The social biology of wasps: 99-148. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY.
111. Reeve, H. K. & Gamboa, G. J. 1987: Queen regulation of worker foraging in paper wasps: a social feedback control system (Polistes fuscatus, Hymenoptera: Vespidae). - Behaviour 102: 147-167.
112. Reeve, H. K., Peters, J. M., Nonacs, P. & Starks, P. T. 1998: Dispersal of first "workers" in social wasps: Causes and implications of an alternative reproductive strategy. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95: 13737-13742.
113. Roque-Albelo, L. & Causton, C. 1999: El Niño and introduced insects in the Galapagos Islands: different dispersal strategies, similar effects. - Noticias de Galápagos 60. Available on the web at http://www.darwinfoundation.org/articles/n6000129903.html.
114. Rossi, A. M. & Hunt, J. H. 1988: Honey supplementation and its developmental consequences: evidence for food limitation in a paper wasp, Polistes metricus. - Ecol. Entomol. 13: 437-442.
115. Russo, M. 1996: Polistes dominulus in Maryland. - Sphecos 30: 8.
116. Sakai, A. K., Allendorf, F. W., Holt, J. S., Lodge, D. M., Molofsky, J., With, K. A., Baughman, S., Cabin, R. J., Cohen, J. E., Ellstrand, N. C., McCauley, D. E., O'Neil, P., Parker, I. M., Thompson, J. N. & Weller, S. G. 2001: The population biology of invasive species. - Annu. Rev. Ecol. System. 32: 305-332.
117. Schmid-Hempel, R. & Schmid-Hempel, P. 1998: Colony performance and immunocompetence of a social insect, Bombus terrestris, in poor and variable environments. - Functional Ecology 12: 22-30.
118. Seppä, P., Queller, D. C. & Strassmann, J. E. 2002: Reproduction in foundress associations of the social wasp, Polistes carolina: conventions, competition, and skew. - Behav. Ecol. 13: 531-542.
119. Sexton, J. P., McKay, J. K. & Sala, A. 2002: Plasticity and genetic diversity may allow saltcedar to invade cold climates in North America. - Ecol. Appl. 12: 1652-1660.
120. Shreeves, G., Cant, M. A., Bolton, A. & Field, J. 2003: Insurance-based advantages for subordinate co-foundresses in a temperate paper wasp. - Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 270: 1617-1622.
121. Silagi, S. A., Gamboa, G. J., Klein, C. R. & Noble, M. A. 2003: Behavioral differences between two recently sympatric paper wasps, the native Polistes fuscatus and the invasive Polistes dominulus. - Gt. Lakes Entomol. 36: 99-104.
122. Simberloff, D. 2000: Global climate change and introduced species in United States forests. - Sci. Total Environ. 262: 253-261.
123. Staines, C. L. & Smith, I. B. J. 1995: Polistes dominulus (Christ) (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) new to Maryland. - Proc. Entomol. Soc. Washington 97: 891.
124. Stamp, N. E. & Meyerhoefer, B. 2004: Effects of prey quality on social wasps when given a choice of prey. - Entomol. Exp. Appl. 110: 45-51.
125. Starks, P. T. 2001: Alternative reproductive tactics in the paper wasp Polistes dominulus with specific focus on the sit-and-wait tactic. - Ann. Zool. Fennici 38: 189-199.
126. Starks, P. T. 2003: Selection for uniformity: xenophobia and invasion success. - Trends Ecol. Evol. 18: 159-162.
127. Strassmann, J. E., Meyer, D. C. & Matlock, R. I. 1984: Behavioural castes in the social wasp Polistes exclamans (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). - Sociobiology 8: 211-224.
128. Strassmann, J. E., Solís, C. R., Peters, J. M. & Queller, D. C. 1996: Strategies for finding and using highly polymorphic DNA microsatellite loci for studies of genetic relatedness and pedigrees. - In: Ferraris, J. & Palumbi, S. R. (eds.), Molecular zoology: 163-180. Wiley, New York.
129. Suarez, A. V., Tsutsui, N. D., Holway, D. A. & Case, T. J. 1999: Behavioral and genetic differentiation between native and introduced populations of the Argentine ant. - Biol. Inv. 1: 43-53.
130. Symondson, W. O. C., Sunderland, K. D. & Greenstone, M. H. 2002: Can generalist predators be effective biocontrol agents? - Annu. Rev. Entomol. 47: 561-594.
131. Taylor, P. D., Fahrig, L., Henein, K. & Merriam, G. 1993: Connectivity is a vital element of landscape structure. - Oikos 68: 571-573.
132. Tischler, W. 1973: Ecology of arthropod fauna in man-made habitats. - Zool. Anzeig 191: 157-161.
133. Tsutsui, N. D. & Case, T. J. 2001: Population genetics and colony structure of the argentine ant (Linepithema humile) in its native and introduced ranges. - Evolution 55: 976-985.
134. Tsutsui, N. D., Suarez, A. V., Holway, D. A. & Case, T. J. 2000: Reduced genetic variation and the success of an invasive species. - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97: 5948-5953.
135. Tsutsui, N. D., Suarez, A. V. & Grosberg, R. K. 2003: Genetic diversity, asymmetrical aggression, and recognition in a widespread invasive species. - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 100: 1078-1083.
136. Vitousek, P. M., D'Antonio, C. M., Loope, L. L. & Westbrooks, R. 1996: Biological invasions as global environmental change. - Am. Sci. 84: 468-478.
137. von Stulpnagel, A., Horbert, M. & Sukopp, H. 1990: The importance of vegetation for urban climate. - In: Sukopp, H. (ed.), Urban ecology: 175-193. SPB Academic Publishing, The Hague.
138. Walsh, S., Metzger, D. A. & Higuchi, R. 1991: Chelex® 100 as a medium for simple extraction of DNA for PCR-based typing from forensic material. - BioTechniques 10: 506-513.
139. Wares, J. P., Hughes, A. R. & Grosberg, R. K. 2005: Mechanisms that drive evolutionary change: insights from species introductions and invasions. - In: Sax, D. F., Stachowicz, J. J. & Gaines, S. D. (eds.), Species invasions: insights into ecology, evolution and biogeography: 229-257. Sinauer, Sunderland, MA.
140. Weir, B. S. & Cockerham, C. C. 1984: Estimating F-statistics for the analysis of population structure. - Evolution 38: 1358-1370.
141. Weiss, M. R., Wilson, E. E. & Castellanos, I. 2004: Predatory wasps learn to overcome the shelter defences of their larval prey. - Anim. Behav. 68: 45-54.
142. Wenzel, J. W. & Pickering, J. 1991: Cooperative foraging, productivity, and the central limit theorem. - Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88: 36-38.
143. West-Eberhard, M. J. 1967: Foundress associations in Polistine wasps: dominance hierarchies and the evolution of social behavior. - Science 157: 1584-1585.
144. West-Eberhard, M. J. 1969: The social biology of polistine wasps. - Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Mich. 140: 1-101.
145. Wiedenmann, R. N. & O'Neil, R. J. 1990: Effects of low rates of predation on selected life-history characteristics of Podisus maculiventris (Say) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). - Canadian Entomologist 122: 271-283.
146. Willink, A. & Chiappa, E. 1993: Lista de las especies chilenas de la Familia Vespidae. (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). - Acta Entomológica Chilena 18: 119-125.
147. Wilson, E. O. 1971: The insect societies. - Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
148. Wise, D. H. 1975: Food limitation of the spider Linyphia marginata: experimental field studies. - Ecology 56: 637-646.
149. Yamane, S. & Ito, Y. 1994: Nest architecture of the Australian paper wasp Ropalidia romandi cabeti, with a note on its developmental process. - Psyche 101: 145-158.
150. Zeisset, I. & Beebee, T. J. C. 2003: Population genetics of a successful invader: the marsh frog Rana ridibunda in Britain. - Mol. Ecol. 12: 639-646.