Cougar exploitations levels in Utah: Implications for demographic structure, population recovery, and metapopulation dynamics

Journal of Wildlife Management

Volumn 70, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 1588-1600

  Stoner, David C ^a   Wolfe, Michael L ^a   Choate, David M ^a,b  

^a UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME   (United States)

Author keywords

Connectivity; Cougar; Demographics; Hunting; Metapopulation; Population dynamics; Puma concolor; Radiotelemetry; Refuge; Source sink dynamics; Utah

Indexed keywords

CONNECTIVITY; CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT; DEMOGRAPHY; EXPLOITATION; FELID; HUNTING; METAPOPULATION; MONITORING; POPULATION DYNAMICS; POPULATION STRUCTURE; RECOVERY; SOURCE-SINK DYNAMICS;

MONROE MOUNTAIN; NORTH AMERICA; OQUIRRH MOUNTAINS; UNITED STATES; UTAH;

ANIMALIA; PUMA CONCOLOR;

EID: 33751254336     PISSN: 0022541X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2193/0022-541X(2006)70[1588:CELIUI]2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Anderson, A. E. 1983. A critical review of literature on puma (Felis concolor). Colorado Division of Wildlife, Special Report No. 54, Denver, USA.
2. Anderson, A. E., D. C. Bowden, and D. M. Kattner. 1992. The puma on the Uncompahgre Plateau, Colorado. Colorado Division of Wildlife, Technical Publication No. 40, Denver, USA.
3. Ashcroft, G. L., D. T. Jensen, and J. L. Brown. 1992. Utah climate. Utah Climate Center, Utah State University, Logan, USA.
4. Ashman, D. L., G. C. Christensen, M. L. Hess, G. K. Tsukamoto, and M. S. Wickersham. 1983. The mountain lion in Nevada. Nevada Department of Wildlife, Carson City, USA.
5. Bailey, T. N., E. E. Bangs, M. F. Portner, J. C. Malloy, and R. J. McAvinchey. 1986. An apparent overexploited lynx population on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska. Journal of Wildlife Management 50:279-290.
6. Barnhurst, D. 1986. Vulnerability of cougars to hunting. Thesis, Utah State University, Logan, USA.
7. Beier, P. 1993. Determining minimum habitat areas and habitat corridors for cougars. Conservation Biology 7:94-108.
8. Beier, P. 1995. Dispersal of juvenile cougars in fragmented habitat. Journal of Wildlife Management 59:228-237.
9. Beier, P. 1996. Metapopulation models, tenacious tracking, and cougar conservation. Pages 293-323 in D. R. McCullough, editor. Meta-populations and wildlife conservation. Island, Covelo, California, USA.
10. Beier, P., and S. C. Cunningham. 1996. Power of track surveys to detect changes in cougar populations. Wildlife Society Bulletin 24: 540-546.
11. Bertram, B. C. R. 1975. Social factors influencing reproduction in wild lions. Journal of Zoology, London 177:463-482.
12. Bowyer, R. T., D. K. Person, and B. M. Pierce. 2005. Detecting top-down versus bottom up regulation of ungulates by large carnivores: implications for conservation of biodiversity. Pages 342-361 in J. C. Ray, K. H. Redford, R. S. Steneck, and J. Berger, editors. Large carnivores and the conservation of biodiversity. Island, Covelo, California, USA.
13. Brown, J. H. 1971. Mammals on mountaintops: nonequilibrium insular biogeography. American Naturalist 105:467-478.
14. Brown, J. H., and A. Kodric-Brown. 1977. Turnover rates in insular biogeography: effect of immigration on extinction. Ecology 58:445-449.
15. Caughley, G. 1994. Directions in conservation biology. Journal of Animal Ecology 63:215-244.
16. Choate, D. M., M. L. Wolfe, and D. C. Stoner. 2006. Evaluation of cougar population estimators in Utah. Wildlife Society Bulletin 34: 782-799.
17. Cox, D. R., and D. Oakes. 1984. Analysis of survival data. Chapman & Hall, New York, USA.
18. Cunningham, S. C., W. B. Ballard, and H. A. Whitlaw. 2001. Age structure, survival, and mortality of mountain lions in southeastern Arizona. Southwestern Naturalist 46:76-80.
19. Edwards, T. C., C. G. Homer, S. D. Bassett, A. Falconer, R. D. Ramsey, and D. W. Wight. 1995. Utah gap analysis: an environmental information system. Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Technical Report 95-1. Utah State University, Logan, USA.
20. Ernest, H. B., W. M. Boyce, V. C. Bleich, B. May, S. J. Stiver, and S. G. Torres. 2003. Genetic structure of mountain lion (Puma concolor) populations in California. Conservation Genetics 4:353-366.
21. Fjelline, D. P., and T. M. Mansfield. 1989. Method to standardize the procedure for measuring mountain lion tracks. Pages 49-51 in R. H. Smith, editor. Proceedings of the Third Mountain Lion Workshop. Arizona Game and Fish Department, Phoenix, USA.
22. Forman, R. T. T., D. Sperling, J. A. Bissonette, A. P. Clevenger, C. D. Cutshall, V. H. Dale, L. Fahrig, R. France, C. R. Goldman, K. Heanue, J. A. Jones, F. J. Swanson, T. Turrentine, and T. C. Winter. 2003. Road ecology - science and solutions. Island, Covelo, California, USA.
23. Frank, L. G., and R. Woodroffe. 2001. Behavior of carnivores in exploited and controlled populations. Pages 419-442 in J. L. Gittleman, S. M. Funk, D. MacDonald, and R. K. Wayne, editors. Carnivore conservation. University of Cambridge, United Kingdom.
24. Greenwood, P. J. 1980. Mating systems, philopatry, and dispersal in birds and mammals. Animal Behavior 28:1140-1162.
25. Hanski, I., and D. Simberloff. 1997. The metapopulation approach, its history, conceptual domain, and application to conservation. Pages 5-26 in I. Hanski and M. E. Gilpin, editors. Metapopulation biology: ecology, genetics, and evolution. Academic, San Diego, California, USA.
26. Hansson, L. 1991. Dispersal and connectivity in metapopulations. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 42:89-103.
27. Hemker, T. P., F. G. Lindzey, and B. B. Ackerman. 1984. Population characteristics and movement patterns of cougars in southern Utah. Journal of Wildlife Management 48:1275-1284.
28. Hemker, T. P., F. G. Lindzey, B. B. Ackerman, and A. J. Button. 1986. Survival of cougar cubs in a non-hunted population. Pages 327-332 in S. D. Miller and D. D. Everett, editors. Cats of the world: biology, conservation, and management. National Wildlife Federation, Washington, D.C., USA.
29. Hill, H., and K. Bunnell. 2005. Utah Cougar harvest report, 2001-2002 to 2004-2005. Utah Department of Natural Resources, Publication No. 05-39. Salt Lake City, USA.
30. Hornocker, M. G. 1970. An analysis of mountain lion predation upon mule deer and elk in the Idaho Primitive Area. Wildlife Monographs 21:1-39.
31. Kaplan, E. L., and P. Meier. 1958. Nonparametric estimation from incomplete observations. Journal of the American Statistical Association 53:457-481.
32. Knick, S. T. 1990. Ecology of bobcats relative to exploitation and a prey decline in southeastern Idaho. Wildlife Monographs 108:1-42.
33. Knowlton, F. F. 1972. Preliminary interpretations of coyote population mechanics with some management implications. Journal of Wildlife Management 36:369-382.
34. Kokko, H., and W. J. Sutherland. 2001. Ecological traps in changing environments: ecological and evolutionary consequences of a behaviourally mediated Allee effect. Evolutionary Ecology Research 3:537-551.
35. Kreeger, T. J. 1996. Handbook of wildlife chemical immobilization. Wildlife Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
36. Laing, S. P., and F. G. Lindzey. 1991. Cougar habitat selection in south-central Utah. Pages 27-37 in C. S. Braun, editor. Proceedings of the mountain lion-human interaction workshop. Colorado Division of Wildlife, Denver, USA.
37. Laundré, J., and T. W. Clark. 2003. Managing puma hunting in the western United States: through a metapopulation approach. Animal Conservation 6:159-170.
38. Laundré, J., L. Hernández, D. Streubel, K. Altendorf, and C. A. López-González. 2000. Aging mountain lions using gum-line recession. Wildlife Society Bulletin 28:963-966.
39. Levins, R. 1969. Some demographic and genetic consequences of environmental heterogeneity for biological control. Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America 15:237-240.
40. Lindzey, F. G., W. D. Van Sickle, S. P. Laing, and C. S. Mecham. 1992. Cougar population response to manipulation in southern Utah. Wildlife Society Bulletin 20:224-227.
41. Logan, K. A., L. L. Irwin, and R. Skinner. 1986. Characteristics of a hunted mountain lion population in Wyoming. Journal of Wildlife Management 50:648-654.
42. Logan, K. A., and L. L. Sweanor. 2001. Desert puma - evolutionary ecology and conservation of an enduring carnivore. Island, Washington, D.C., USA.
43. Maehr, D. S., E. D. Land, D. B. Shindle, O. L. Bass, and T. S. Hoctor. 2002. Florida panther dispersal and conservation. Biological Conservation 106:187-197.
44. Mason, J., D. Peay, K. Robinson, R. Danvir, B. Bateman, M. Bodenchuk, M. Wolfe, L. Shirley, B. Bates, L. Cornicelli, B. Giunta, S. Cranney, J. Karpowitz, and J. Grandison. 1999. Utah cougar management plan. Utah Department of Natural Resources, Salt Lake City, USA.
45. Mech, L. D. 1983. Handbook of animal radio-tracking. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
46. Murphy, K. M. 1983. Relationships between a mountain lion population and hunting pressure in western Montana. Thesis, University of Montana, Missoula, USA.
47. Murphy, K. M. 1998. The ecology of the cougar (Puma concolor) in the northern Yellowstone ecosystem: interactions with prey, bears, and humans. Dissertation, University of Idaho, Moscow, USA.
48. Novaro, A. J., K. H. Redford, and R. Bodmer. 2000. Effect of hunting in source-sink systems in the neotropics. Conservation Biology 14:713-721.
49. Nowell, K., and P. Jackson, editors. 1996. Puma, Puma concolor (Linnaeus 1771). Pages 131-137 in Wild cats: status survey and conservation action plan. International Union for the Conservation of Nature. Burlington, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
50. Packer, C., and A. E. Pusey. 1984. Infanticide in carnivores. Pages 31-42 in G. Hausfater and S. B. Hrdy, editors. Infanticide - comparative and evolutionary perspectives. Aldine, New York, New York, USA.
51. Pierce, B. M., and V. C. Bleich. 2003. Mountain lion. Pages 744-757 in G. A. Feldhamer, B. C. Thompson, and J. A. Chapman, editors. Wild mammals of North America: biology, management, and conservation. Second edition. The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
52. Pierce, B. M., V. C. Bleich, and R. T. Bowyer. 2000. Social organization of mountain lions: does a land tenure system regulate population size? Ecology 81:1533-1543.
53. Pierce, B. M., V. C. Bleich, C. B. Chetkiewicz, and J. D. Wehausen. 1998. Timing of feeding bouts of mountain lions. Journal of Mammalogy 79:222-226.
54. Pollock, K. H., S. R. Winterstein, C. M. Bunck, and P. D. Curtis. 1989. Survival analysis in telemetry studies: the staggered entry design. Journal of Wildlife Management 53:7-15.
55. Pulliam, H. R. 1988. Sources, sinks, and population regulation. American Naturalist 132:652-661.
56. Ross, P. I., and M. G. Jalkotzy. 1992. Characteristics of a hunted population of cougars in southwestern Alberta. Journal of Wildlife Management 56:417-426.
57. Ross, P. I., M. G. Jalkotzy, and J. R. Gunson. 1996. The quota system of cougar harvest management in Alberta. Wildlife Society Bulletin 24: 490-494.
58. Roylance, W. J. 1982. Utah: a guide to the state. Utah Arts Council, Salt Lake City, USA.
59. Shaw, H. G. 1981. Comparison of mountain lion predation on cattle on two study areas in Arizona. Pages 306-318 in L. Nelson Jr. and J. M. Peek, editors. Proceedings of the wildlife-livestock relationships symposium. Forest, Wildlife, & Range Experiment Station, University of Idaho, Moscow, USA.
60. Smuts, G. L. 1978. Effects of population reduction on the travels and reproduction of lions in Kruger National Park. Carnivore 2:61-72.
61. Sweanor, L. L., K. A. Logan, and M. G. Hornocker. 2000. Cougar dispersal patterns, metapopulation dynamics, and conservation. Conservation Biology 14:798-808.
62. Swenson, J. E. 2003. Implications of sexually selected infanticide for the hunting of large carnivores. Pages 171-189 in M. Festa-Bianchet and M. Apollonio, editors. Animal behavior and wildlife management. Island, Washington, D.C., USA.
63. Taylor, P. D., L. Fahrig, K. Henein, and G. Merriam. 1993. Connectivity is a vital element of landscape structure. Oikos 68:571-573.
64. Van Sickle, W. D., and F. G. Lindzey. 1992. Evaluation of road track surveys for cougars (Felis concolor). Great Basin Naturalist 52:232-236.
65. West, N. E., editor. 1983. Intermountain salt-desert shrubland. Pages 375-397 in Temperate deserts and semi-deserts. Vol. 5: Ecosystems of the world. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
66. Wielgus, R. B., and F. L. Bunnell. 2000. Possible negative effects of adult male mortality on female grizzly bear reproduction. Biological Conservation 93:145-154.
67. Wolfe, M. L., D. M. Choate, and D. C. Stoner. 2004. USU/UDWR statewide cougar study - final report. Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, Salt Lake City.