Three-dimensional lithospheric deformation and gravity anomalies associated with oblique continental collision in South Island, New Zealand

Geophysical Journal International

Volumn 167, Issue 2, 2006, Pages 906-916

  Scherwath, Martin ^a   Stern, Tim ^b   Davey, Fred ^c   Davies, Rob ^d  

^a GEOMAR HELMHOLTZ CENTRE FOR OCEAN RESEARCH KIEL   (Germany)

^b VICTORIA UNIVERSITY OF WELLINGTON   (New Zealand)

^c GNS SCIENCE   (New Zealand)

^d SWANSEA UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Continental collision; Creep; Gravity anomalies; Isostasy; Lithospheric deformation; South Island

Indexed keywords

CONTINENTAL COLLISION; CRUSTAL DEFORMATION; CRUSTAL SHORTENING; CRUSTAL THICKENING; ELEVATION; GRAVITY ANOMALY; LITHOSPHERE; MANTLE STRUCTURE; OROGENY; PLATE TECTONICS;

AUSTRALASIA; NEW ZEALAND; SOUTH ISLAND;

EID: 33750741434     PISSN: 0956540X     EISSN: 1365246X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-246X.2006.03085.x     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Allis, R.G., 1986. Mode of crustal shortening adjacent to the Alpine Fault, New Zealand, Tectonics, 5(1), 15-32.
2. Barton, P.J., 1986. The relationship between seismic velocity and density in continental crust-a useful constraint?, Geophys. J. R. astr. Soc., 87, 195-208.
3. Beaumont, C., Kamp, P.J.J., Hamilton, J. & Fullsack, P., 1996. The continental collision zone, South Island, New Zealand: Comparison of geodynamical models and observations, J. geophys. Res., 101(B2), 3333-3359.
4. Bird, P., 1991, Lateral extrusion of lower crust from under high topography, in the isostatic limit, J. geophys. Res., 96, 10275-10286.
5. Bott, M.H.P., 1982, The interior of the earth: Its structure, constitution and evolution, 2nd edn, Edward Arnold Publ. Ltd., London, UK.
6. Bourguignon, S., Savage, M., Stern, T. & Baldock, G., 2004. Mantle deformation and seismic anisotropy due to oblique collision, South Island, New Zealand, EOS, Trans. Am. geophys. Un., 85(47), Abstract T31A-1275.
7. Cande, S.C. & Stock, J.M., 2004. Pacific-Antarctic-Australian motion and the formation of the Macquarie Plate, Geophys. J. Int., 157, 399-414.
8. DeMets, C.G., Gordon, R.G., Argus, D.F. & Stein, S., 1994. Effect of recent revisions to the geomatgnetic time scale on estimates of current plate motions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 211-214.
9. Dorman, L.M. & Lewis, B.T.R., 1970. Experimental isostacy, 1, Theory of the determination of the earth's isostatic response to a concentrated load. J. geophys. Res., 75, 3357-3365.
10. Eberhart-Phillips, D. & Bannister, S., 2002. Three-dimensional crustal structure in the Southern Alps region of New Zealand from inversion of local earthquake and active source data, J. geophys. Res., 107(B10), 2262, doi 10.1029/2001JB000567
11. Field, B.D. et al., 1989. Cretaceous and Cenozoic sedimentary basins and geological evolution of the Canterbury Region, South Island, New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Basin Studies 2, New Zealand Geological Survey, Lower Hutt, New Zealand.
12. Gardner, G.H.F., Gardner, L.W. & Gregory, A.R., 1974. Formation velocity and density - the diagnostic basics for stratigraphic traps, Geophysics, 39, 770-780.
13. Gerbault, M., Davey, F. & Henrys, S., 2002. Three-dimensional lateral crustal thickening in continental oblique collision: An example from the Southern Alps of New Zealand, Geophys. J. Int., 150, 770-779.
14. Godfrey, N.J., Davey, F., Stern, T.A. & Okaya, D., 2001. Crustal structure and thermal anomalies of the Dunedin Region, South Island, New Zealand, J. geophys. Res., 106(B12), 30835-30848.
15. Hill, D.P., 1978. Seismic evidence for the structure and Cenozoic tectonics of the Pacific Coast States, in Cenozoic Tectonics and Regional Geophysics of the Western Cordillera, Vol. 152, pp. 145-174, eds Smith, R.B. & Eaton, G.P., Geol. Soc. Am. Mem.
16. Houseman, G.A. & Molnar, P., 1997. Gravity (Rayleigh-Taylor) instability of a layer with non-linear viscosity and convective thinning of continental lithosphere, Geophys. J. Int., 128, 125-150.
17. Houseman, G.A., McKenzie, D.P. & Molnar, P., 1981. Convective instability of a thickened boundary layer and its relevance for the thermal evolution of continental convergence belts, J. geophys. Res., 135, 6115-6132.
18. Ito, G. & Taira, A., 2000. Compensation of the Ontong Plateau by surface and subsurface loading, J. geophys. Res., 105, 11171-11183.
19. Jones, T.D. & Nur, A., 1984. The nature of seismic reflections from deep crustal fault zones, J. geophys. Res., 89, 3153-3171.
20. Kleffmann, S., Davey, F., Melhuish, A., Okaya, D., Stern, T. & SIGHT Team, 1998. Crustal structure in the central South Island from the Lake Pukaki Seismic Experiment, N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys., 41, 39-49.
21. Klosko, E.R., Wu, F.T., Anderson, H.J., Eberhart-Phillips, D., McEvilly, T.V., Audoine, E. & Savage, M.K., 1999. Upper mantle anisotropy in the New Zealand region, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 1497-1500.
22. Kohler, M.D. & Eberhart-Phillips, D., 2002. Three-dimensional lithospheric structure below the New Zealand Southern Alps, J. geophys. Res., 107(B10), 2225, doi 10.1029/2001JB000182
23. Koons, P.O., 1990. Two-sided orogen: Collision and erosion from the sandbox to the Southern Alps, New Zealand, Geology, 18, 679-682.
24. Lambeck, K., 1988. Geophysical Geodesy: The Slow Deformation of the Earth, Clarendon Press, Oxford, p. 718.
25. Little, T.A., 2004. Transpressive ductile flow and oblique ramping of lower crust in a two-sided orogen: Insight from quartz grain-shape fabrics near the Alpine fault, New Zealand, Tectonics, 23, TC2013, doi 10.1029/2002TC001456
26. Meissner, R., Mooney, W.D. & Artemieva, I., 2002. Seismic anisotropy and mantle creep in young orogens, Geophys. J. Int., 149(1), 1-14.
27. Melhuish, A., Holbrook, W.S., Davey, F., Okaya, D.A. & Stern T., 2005, Crustal and upper mantle seismic structure of the Australian plate, South Island, New Zealand, Tectonophys., 395(1-2), 113-135.
28. Molnar, P. et al., 1999. Continuous deformation versus faulting through the continental lithosphere of New Zealand, Science, 286, 516-619.
29. Nathan, S., Anderson, H.J., Cook, R.A., Herzer, R.H., Hoskins, R.H., Raine, J.I. & Smale, D., 1986. Cretaceous and Cenozoic sedimentary basins and geological evolution of the West Coast Region, South Island, New Zealand, New Zealand Geological Survey Basin Studies 1, New Zealand Geological Survey, Wellington, New Zealand.
30. Norris, R.J., Koons, P.O. & Cooper, A.F., 1990. The obliquely convergent plate boundary in the South Island of New Zealand: implications for ancient collision zones, J. Struct. Geol., 12, 715-725.
31. Okaya, D., Christensen, N., Stanley, D. & Stern, T., 1995. Crustal anisotropy in the vicinity of the Alpine fault zone, N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys., 38, 579-583.
32. Pysklywec, R.N., Beaumont, C. & Fullsack, P., 2002. Lithospheric deformation during the early stages of continental collision: Numerical experiments and comparison with South Island, New Zealand, J. geophys. Res., 107(B7), 2133, doi 10.1029/2001JB000252
33. Ramillien, G. & Wright, I.C., 2000. Predicted seafloor topography of the New Zealand region: A nonlinear least squares inversion of satellite altimetry data, J. geophys. Res., 105, 16577-16590.
34. Reilly, W.I., 1962. Gravity and crustal thickness in New Zealand, N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys., 5, 228-233.
35. Reilly, W.I., 1972. The New Zealand gravity map series, N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys., 15, 3-15.
36. Reilly, W.I., Whiteford, C.M. & Doone, A., 1977. South Island: gravity map of New Zealand. 1:1000,000 Bouguer and isostatic anomalies, 1st edn, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Wellington, New Zealand.
37. Reyners, M., 1987. Subcrustal earthquakes in the central South Island, New Zealand, and the root of the Southern Alps, Geology, 15, 1168-1171.
38. Scherwath, M., Melhuish, A., Stern, T. & Molnar, P., 2002. Pn anisotropy and distributed upper mantle deformation associated with a continental transform, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(8), 1175, doi 10.1029/ 2001GL014179
39. Scherwath, M., Stern, T., Davey, F.J., Okaya, D., Holbrook, W.S., Davies, R. & Kleffmann, S., 2003. Lithospheric structure across oblique continental collision in New Zealand from wide-angle P wave modeling, J. geophys. Res., 108(B12), 2566, doi 10.1029/2002JB002286
40. Simpson, R.W., Jachens, R.C., Blakely, R.J. & Saltus, R.W., 1986. A new isostatic residual gravity map of the conterminous United States with a discussion on the significance of isostatic residual anomalies, J. geophys. Res., 91, 8348-8372.
41. Stern, T.A., 1995. Gravity anomalies and crustal loading at and adjacent to the Alpine Fault, New Zealand, N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys., 38, 593-600.
42. Stern, T.A., Molnar, P., Okaya, D. & Eberhart-Phillips, D., 2000. Teleseismic P-wave delays and modes of shortening the mantle lithosphere beneath South Island, New Zealand, J. geophys. Res., 105, 21615-21631.
43. Stern, T., Kleffmann, S., Okaya, D. & Scherwath, M., 2001. Low seismic wave-speeds and enhanced fluid pressure beneath the Southern Alps of New Zealand, Geology, 29, 679-682.
44. Sutherland, R., 1999. Cenozoic bending of New Zealand basement terranes and Alpine fault displacement: A brief review, N. Z. J. Geol. Geophys., 42, 295-301.
45. Sutherland, R., Davey, F. & Beavan J., 2000. Plate boundary deformation in South Island, New Zealand, is related to inherited lithospheric structure, Earth planet. Sci. Lett., 177, 141-151.
46. Tapponnier, P., Peltzer, G., LeDain, A.-Y., Armijo, R. & Cobbold, P., 1982. Propagating extrusion tectonics in Asia: New insight from simple experiments with plastiline, Geology, 10, 611-616.
47. Van Avendonk, H.J.A., Holbrook, W.S., Okaya, D., Austin, J.K., Davey, F. & Stern, T., 2004. Continental crust under compression: A seismic refraction study of South Island Geophysical Transect I, South Island, New Zealand, J. geophys. Res. 109(B6), 6304, doi 10.1029/2003JB002790
48. Vauchez, A. & Nicholas, A., 1991. Mountain building: Strike-parallel displacements and mantle anisotropy, Tectonophys., 185, 183-201.
49. Vauchez, A., Tommasi, A. & Barruol, G., 1998. Rheological heterogeneity, mechanical anisotropy and deformation of the continental lithosphere, Tectonophys., 296, 61-86.
50. Walcott, R.I., 1998. Modes of oblique compression: Late Cenozoic tectonics of the South Island of New Zealand, Rev. Geophys., 36, 1-26.
51. Watts, A.B., 2001. Gravity anomalies, flexure and crustal structure at the Mozambique rifted margin, Mar. Petrol. Geol., 18(4), 445-455.
52. Wellman, H.W., 1979. An Uplift map for the South Island of New Zealand, and a model for uplift of the Southern Alps, in The Origin of the Southern Alps, Vol. 18, pp. 13-20, eds Walcott, R.I. & Cresswell, M.M., Royal Society of New Zealand Bulletin, New Zealand.
53. Wessel, P. & Smith, W.H.S., 1998. New version of generic mapping tools released, EOS, Trans. Am. geophys. Un., 79, 579.
54. Woodward, D.J., 1979. The crustal structure of the Southern Alps, New Zealand, as determined by gravity, in The Origin of the Southern Alps, Vol. 18, pp. 95-98, Walcott, R.I. & Cresswell, M.M., Royal Society of New Zealand Bulletin, New Zealand.