A history of research at the Joggins Fossil Cliffs of Nova Scotia, Canada, the world's finest Pennsylvanian section

Proceedings of the Geologists' Association

Volumn 117, Issue 4, 2006, Pages 377-392

  Falcon Lang, Howard J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Charles Lyell; Coal measures; History of geology; Joggins; Nova Scotia; Pennsylvanian; William Dawson; William Logan

Indexed keywords

FOSSIL ASSEMBLAGE; FOSSIL RECORD; PENNSYLVANIAN; SKELETAL REMAINS;

CANADA; JOGGINS; NORTH AMERICA; NOVA SCOTIA;

AMPHIBIA; REPTILIA;

EID: 33750733005     PISSN: 00167878     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0016-7878(06)80044-1     Document Type: Article

References (115)

1. Ami, H.M. 1900a. Notes bearing on the Devono-Carboniferous problem in Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. Ottawa Naturalist, 14, 121-127.
2. Ami, H.M. 1900b. On the sub-divisions of the Carboniferous System in eastern Canada, with special reference to the position of the Union and Riversdale formations of Nova Scotia, referred to the Devonian System by some Canadian geologists. Transactions of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science, 10, 162-178.
3. Archer, A.W., Calder, J.H., Gibling, M.R., Naylor, R.D., Reid, D.R. & Wightman, W.G. 1995. Invertebrate trace fossils and agglutinated foraminifera as indicators of marine influences within the classic Carboniferous section at Joggins, Nova Scotia, Canada. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 32, 2027-2039.
4. Baird, D. 1962. A haplolepid fish fauna in the Early Pennsylvanian of Nova Scotia. Palaeontology, 5, 22-29.
5. Baird, D. 1978. Studies on Carboniferous freshwater fishes. American Museum Novitates, 2641, 1-22.
6. Bell, W.A. 1913. Excursion in eastern Quebec and the Maritimes Provinces; the Joggins section. Excursion Guide Book 1. XII International Geological Congress, Canada, 326-346.
7. Bell, W.A. 1914. Joggins Carboniferous Section, Nova Scotia. Geological Survey of Canada, Summary Report for 1912, 360-371.
8. Bell, W.A. 1927. Outline of Carboniferous stratigraphy and geological history of the Maritime Provinces of Canada. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, 21, 75-108.
9. Bell, W.A. 1943. Carboniferous rocks and fossil floras of northern Nova Scotia. Geological Survey of Canada Memoir, 238.
10. Brown, R. & Smith, R. 1829. Geology and mineralogy (of Nova Scotia). In (Haliburton, T.C.; ed.) An historical and statistical account of Nova Scotia, 2. Joseph Howe, Halifax, 414-453.
11. Calder, J.H. 1998. The Carboniferous evolution of Nova Scotia. In (Blundell, D.J. & Scott, A.C.; eds) Lyell: the Past is the Key to the Present. Geological Society of London, Special Publications, 143, 261-302.
12. Calder, J.H., Gillis, K.S., Naylor, R.D. & Watkins Campbell, N. 1993. One of the greatest treasures: The geology and history of coal in Nova Scotia. Nova Scotia Department of Natural Resources, Informational Circular, ME25.
13. Calder, J.H., Rygel, M.C., Ryan, R.J., Falcon-Lang, H.J. & Hebert, B. 2005. Stratigraphy and sedimentology of Pennsylvanian red beds near Joggins, Nova Scotia: The Little River Formation with redefinition of the Joggins Formation. Atlantic Geology, 41, 143-167.
14. Calder, J.H., Gibling, M.R., Scott, A.C., Davies, S.J. & Hebert, B.L. 2006. A fossil lycopsid forest succession in the classic Joggins section of Nova Scotia: paleoecology of a disturbance-prone Pennsylvanian wetland. In (Greb, S. & DiMichele, W.A.; eds) Wetlands through Time. Geological Society of America, Special Paper, 399, 169-196.
15. Carroll, R.L. 1964. The earliest reptiles. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 45, 61-83.
16. Carroll, R.L. 1967. Labyrinthodonts from the Joggins Formation. Journal of Palaeontology, 41, 111-142.
17. Conybeare, W.D. & Phillips, W. 1822. Outlines of the Geology of England and Wales, with an introductory compendium of the general principles of that science, and comparative view of the structure of foreign countries. Illustrated by a coloured map and sections. Part I [all published]. Printed and published by William Phillips, London.
18. Copeland, M.J. 1957. The arthropod fauna of the Upper Carboniferous rocks of the Maritime Provinces. Geological Survey of Canada, Memoir, 286.
19. Copeland, M.J. 1958. Coalfields, west half Cumberland County, Nova Scotia. Geological Survey of Canada Memoir, 298.
20. Darwin Correspondence Online database. University of Cambridge. Available at http://darwin.lib.cam.ac.uk.
21. Darwin, F. (ed.) 1887. The Life and letters of Charles Darwin including a autobiographical chapter (3 volumes). John Murray, London.
22. Davies, S.J. & Gibling, M.R. 2003. Architecture of coastal and alluvial deposits in an extensional basin: the Carboniferous Joggins Formation of Eastern Canada. Sedimentology, 50, 415-439.
23. Davies, S.J., Gibling, M.R., Rygel, M.C. & Calder, J.H. 2005. The Joggins Formation: stratigraphic framework and sedimentological log of the historic fossil cliffs. Atlantic Geology, 41, 115-142.
24. Dawson, J.W. 1845. On the new coal formation of the eastern part of Nova Scotia. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 1, 322-330.
25. Dawson, J.W. 1846. Notices of some fossils found in the coal formation of Nova Scotia. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 2, 132-136.
26. Dawson, J.W. 1851. Notice on the occurrence of upright Calamites near Pictou, Nova Scotia. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 7, 194-196.
27. Dawson, J.W. 1853. On the Coal-Measures of the South Joggins, Nova Scotia. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 10, 1-42.
28. Dawson, J.W. 1855. Acadian geology: an account of the geological structure and mineral resources of Nova Scotia, and portions of the neighbouring provinces of British America First Edition. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh & Montreal.
29. Dawson, J.W. 1859. On a Terrestrial Mollusk, a Millepede, and new Reptiles, from the Coal Formation of Nova Scotia. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 16, 268-277.
30. Dawson, J.W. 1861. Notice of the Discovery of Additional Remains of Land Animals in the Coal-Measures of the South Joggins, Nova Scotia. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 18, 5-8.
31. Dawson, J.W. 1862. On the pre-Carboniferous flora of New Brunswick, Maine and eastern Canada. Canadian Naturalist, 6, 161-180.
32. Dawson, J.W. 1863. Notice of a new species of Dendrerpeton, and of the Dermal Covering of certain Carboniferous Reptiles. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 19, 469-473.
33. Dawson, J.W. 1865. On the conditions of the deposition of coal, more especially as illustrated by the coal formation of Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 22, 95-166.
34. Dawson, J.W. 1867. On the discovery of a new Pulmonate Mollusc [Zonites (Conulus) priscus]in the Coal-Formation of Nova Scotia; with a description of the species by Philip P. Carpenter. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 23, 330-333.
35. Dawson, J.W. 1868. Acadian Geology or The Geology of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island 2nd Edition. Oliver and Boyd, Edinburgh.
36. Dawson, J.W. 1882. On the results of recent explorations of erect trees containing animal remains in the coal formation of Nova Scotia. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London, 173, 621-659.
37. Dawson, J.W. 1896. Additional report on erect trees containing animal remains in the Coal Formation of Nova Scotia. Proceedings of the Royal Society, London, 59, 362-366.
38. Dawson, J.W. 1901. Fifty Years of Work in Canada, Scientific and Educational. Ballantyne, Hanson & co. publisher, London.
39. Dott, R.H. 1998. Charles Lyell's debt to North America: his lectures and travels from 1841 to 1853. In (Blundell, D.J. & Scott, A.C.; eds) Lyell: The Past is the Key to the Present. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 143, 53-69.
40. Duff, P.McL.D. & Walton, E.K. 1973. Carboniferous sediments at Joggins, Nova Scotia. Septième Congrès International de Stratigraphie et de Géologie du Carbonifère, Krefeld. Compte Rendu, 2, 365-379.
41. Ells, R.W. 1901. The Devonian of the Acadian Provinces. Canadian Record of Science, 8, 131-139.
42. Falcon-Lang, H.J. 1999. Fire ecology of a Late Carboniferous floodplain, Joggins, Nova Scotia. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 156, 137-148.
43. Falcon-Lang, H. J. 2002. Scientific case for inclusion of Joggins, Nova Scotia on Canada's tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Unpublished reported to trhe Cumberland Regional Development Agency (CREDA).
44. Falcon-Lang, H.J. 2003a. Response of Late Carboniferous tropical vegetation to transgressive-regressive rhythms, Joggins, Nova Scotia. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 160, 641-647.
45. Falcon-Lang, H.J. 2003b. Late Carboniferous dryland tropical vegetation in an alluvial plain setting, Joggins, Nova Scotia, Canada. Palaios, 18, 197-211.
46. Falcon-Lang, H.J. 2005. Small cordaitalean trees in a marine-influenced coastal habitat in the Pennsylvanian Joggins Formation, Nova Scotia, Canada. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 162, 485-500.
47. Falcon-Lang, H.J. & Calder, J.H. 2004. UNESCO World Heritage and the Joggins cliffs of Nova Scotia. Geology Today, 20, 140-144.
48. Falcon-Lang, H.J. & Calder, J.H. 2005. Sir William Dawson (1820-1899), a very modern palaeobotanist. Atlantic Geology, 41, 103-114.
49. Falcon-Lang, H.J., Rygel, M.C., Gibling, M.R. & Calder, J.H. 2004. An Early Pennsylvanian waterhole deposit and its fossil biota in a dryland alluvial plain setting, Joggins, Nova Scotia. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 161, 209-222.
50. Falcon-Lang, H.J., Benton, M.J., Braddy, S.J. & Davies, S.J. 2006. The Pennsylvanian tropical biome reconstructed from the Joggins Formation of Nova Scotia, Canada. Journal of the Geological Society, London, 163, 561-576.
51. Ferguson, L. 1966. The recovery of some large track-bearing slabs from Joggins, Nova Scotia. Maritime Sediments and Atlantic Geology, 2, 128-130.
52. Ferguson, L. 1975. The Joggins section. Maritime Sediments and Atlantic Geology, 11, 69-76.
53. Ferguson, L. 1988. The fossil cliffs at Joggins, Nova Scotia: a Canadian case study. Special Papers in Palaeontology, 40, 191-200.
54. Fleischman, R.K. & Oldroyd, D. 2001. An Imperial Connection? Contrasting Accounting Practices in the Coal Mines of North-East England and Nova Scotia, 1825-1900. Accounting Historians Journal, 28, 31-62.
55. Fletcher, H. 1900. Geological nomenclature in Nova Scotia. Transactions of the Nova Scotia Institute of Science, 10, 235-244.
56. Gesner, A. 1836. Remarks on the geology and mineralogy of Nova Scotia. Gossip and Coade, Times Office, Halifax.
57. Gesner, A. 1843. A geological map of Nova Scotia, with an accompanying memoir. Proceedings of the Geological Society, London, 4, 186-190.
58. Gibling, M.R. 1987. A classic Carboniferous section, Joggins, Nova Scotia. In (Roy, D.C.; ed.) Geological Society of America Centennial Field Guide. Northeastern Section, Boulder, Colorado, 409-414.
59. Harrington, B.J. 1883. Life of Sir William E. Logan. Dawson Bros, Montreal.
60. Hebert, B.L. & Calder, J.H. 2004. On the discovery of a unique terrestrial faunal assemblage in the classic Pennsylvanian section at Joggins, Nova Scotia. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 41, 247-254.
61. Hennessey, G.P. 1988. A Touch of Cumberland County History - Some place names in Cumberland area. The Citizen, Saturday, March 19.
62. Horner, L. 1846. Anniversary address. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society of London, 2, 170-181.
63. Jackson, C.T. & Alger, F. 1829. A description of the mineralogy and geology of a part of Nova Scotia. American Journal of Science and Arts, 15, 132-160.
64. Legere, D.B. 2005. Joggins: a social history. Available online at http:// www.geocities.com/dblegere/home.html.
65. Logan, W.E. 1841. On the character of the beds of clay lying immediately below the coal seams of South Wales. Proceedings of the Geological Society of London, 3, 487-492.
66. Logan, W.E. 1842. On the coal fields of Pennsylvania and Nova Scotia. Proceedings of the Geological Society of London, 3, 707-712.
67. Logan, W.E. 1845. A section of the Nova Scotia coal measures as developed at Joggins on the Bay of Fundy, in descending order, from the neighbourhood of the west Ragged Reef to Minudie, reduced vertical thickness, Appendix W: Geological Survey,1844-5. Journals of the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada, 4, 28-45.
68. Lucas, S.G., Hunt, A.P., Calder, J.H., Reid, D., Hebert, B. & Stimson, M. 2005. Tetrapod footprints from Joggins, Nova Scotia: A template for understanding Carboniferous tetrapod footprints. Abstracts with Programs. GAC/MAC Conference, Halifax, Nova Scotia, 116-117.
69. Lyell, C. 1832. Principles of Geology, 2. Murray, London.
70. Lyell, C. 1841. Letter address to Dr Fitton, by Mr. Lyell, and dated Boston the 15th of October 1841. Proceedings of the Geological Society of London, 3, 554-558.
71. Lyell, C. 1843. On the upright fossil-trees found at different levels in the coal strata of Cumberland, Nova Scotia. Proceedings of the Geological Society, London, 4, 176-178.
72. Lyell, C. 1845. Travels in North America, in the Years 1841-2; With geological observations on the United States, Canada, and Nova Scotia. Murray, London.
73. Lyell, C. 1871. Elements of Geology. Harper, New York.
74. Lyell, C. & Dawson, J.W. 1853. On the remains of a reptile (Dendrerpeton acadianum Wyman and Owen), and of a land shell discovered in the interior of an erect fossil tree in the coal measures of Nova Scotia. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 9, 58-63.
75. Lyell, K.M. 1881. Life, letters and journal of Sir Charles Lyell, Bart (2 vols). Murray, London.
76. Matthew, G.F. 1903a. On batrachian and other footprints from the coal measures of Joggins N.S. Natural History Society of New Brunswick, Bulletin, 21, 103-108.
77. Matthew, G.F. 1903b. New genera of batrachian footprints from the Carboniferous system in eastern Canada. Canadian Record of Science, 9, 99-111.
78. Matthew, G.F. 1904. New species and a new genus of batrachian and other footprints of the Carboniferous system in eastern Canada. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, Section IV, 77-121.
79. Matthew, G.F. 1910. The geologic age of the Little River Group. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, Section IV, 67-75.
80. Miller, R.F. & Buhay, D.N. 1988. The Steinhammer Club: Geology and a foundation for a natural history society in New Brunswick. Geoscience Canada, 15, 221-226.
81. Milner, A.R. 1996. A revision of the temnospondyl amphibians from the Upper Carboniferous of Joggins, Nova Scotia. Special Papers in Palaeontology, 52, 81-103.
82. Owen, R. 1853. Notes on the above-described fossil remains. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 9, 66-67.
83. Owen, R. 1862. Description of specimens of fossil reptilia discovered in the coal measures of the South Joggins. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 18, 238-245.
84. Petrunkevitch, A. 1913. A monograph of the terrestrial Paleozoic Arachnida of North America. Connecticut Academy of Arts and Science Transactions, 18, 67-69.
85. Romer, A.S. 1950. The nature and relationships of the Palaeozoic microsaurs. American Journal of Science, 248, 628-654.
86. Romer, A.S. 1963. The larger embolomerous amphibians of the American Carboniferous. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard, 128, 417-454.
87. Ryan, R.J., Boehner, R.C., Deal, A. & Calder, J.H. 1990. Cumberland Basin geology map, Amherst, Springhill and Parrsboro. Nova Scotia Department of Mines and Energy, Map 90-12, 1:50 000.
88. Ryan, R.J., Boelmer, R.C. & Calder, J.H. 1991. Lithostratigraphic revisions of the upper Carboniferous to lower Permian strata in the Cumberland Basin, Nova Scotia and the regional implications for the Maritimes Basin in Atlantic Canada. Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology, 39, 289-314.
89. Rygel, M.C. 2005. Alluvial sedimentology and basin analysis of Carboniferous strata near Joggins, Nova Scotia, Atlantic Canada. PhD thesis, Dalhousie University.
90. Rygel, M.C. & Shipley, B.C. 2005. 'Such a section as never was put together before': Logan, Dawson, Lyell, and mid-nineteenth-century measurements of the Joggins Section. Atlantic Geology, 41, 87-102.
91. Rygel, M.C., Gibling, MR. & Calder, J.H. 2004. Vegetation-induced sedimentary structures from fossil forests in the Pennsylvanian Joggins Formation, Nova Scotia. Sedimentology, 51, 531-552.
92. Salter, J.W. 1863. On some fossil crustacea from the Coal Measures and Devonian rocks of the British North America. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, London, 19, 519-521.
93. Scott, A.C. 1998. The legacy of Charles Lyell: advances in our knowledge of coal and coal-bearing strata. In (Blundell, D.J. & Scott, A.C.; eds) Lyell: The Past is the Key to the Present. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 143, 243-260.
94. Scott, A.C. & Calder, J.H. 1994. Carboniferous fossil forests. Geology Today, 9, 230-234.
95. Scudder, S.H. 1873. On the Carboniferous myriapods preserved in the sigillarian stumps of Nova Scotia (and supplementary note). Boston Society of Natural History Memoir, 2, 231-239.
96. Scudder, S.H. 1895. Notes upon myriapods and arachnids found in sigillarian stumps in the Nova Scotia coalfield. Geological Survey of Canada, Contributions to Palaeontology, 2, 57-66.
97. Sheets-Pyenson, S. 1996. John William Dawson: Hope, Faith and Science. McGill-Queen's University Press, Montreal.
98. Shipley, B.C. 2001. 'I wish these annual reports were at the devil': William E. Logan and the publications of the Geological Survey of Canada. History of the Book in Canada. Available online at http://www.hbic.library.utoronto.ca/vol2shipley_en.htm.
99. Steen, M.C. 1934. The amphibian fauna from the South Joggins, Nova Scotia. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, for, 1934, 465-504.
100. Stevenson, J.J. 1911. The formation of coal beds. An historical summary of opinion from 1700 to the present time. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, 50, 1-116.
101. Stopes, M.C. 1914. The 'Fern Ledges' Carboniferous flora of St. John, New Brunswick. Geological Survey of Canada, Memoir, 41.
102. Thomas, B.A. 2005. The palaeobotanical beginnings of geological conservation: case studies from the USA, Canada and Great Britain. In (Bowden, A.J., Burek, C.V. & Wilding, R.; eds) History of Palaeobotany: selected essays. Geological Society, London, Special Publication, 241, 95-110.
103. Thompson, T. 1820. Article XII: Scientific intelligence, and notices of subjects connected with sciences. Annals of Philosophy, 16, 388-390.
104. Tibert, N.E. & Dewey, C.P. 2006. Velatomorpha, a new healdioidean Ostracode genus from the early Pennsylvanian Joggins Formation, Nova Scotia, Canada. Micropalaeontology, 52, 51-66.
105. Utting, J. & Wagner, R.H. 2005. Megaflora of the Upper Carboniferous Cumberland Group, Joggins area, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. Abstracts with Programs. GAC/MAC Conference, Halifax, Nova Scotia, 197.
106. Utting, J., Giles, P.S., Dolby, G. & Calder, J.H. 2005. New palynological data from Upper Visean, Namurian, and Westphalian rocks of the Joggins area, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, Canada. Abstracts with Programs. GAC/MAC Conference, Halifax, Nova Scotia, 197.
107. Waldron, J.W.F. & Rygel, M.C. 2005. Role of evaporite withdrawal in the preservation of a unique coal-bearing succession: Pennsylvanian Joggins Formation, Nova Scotia. Geology, 33, 337-340.
108. Way, J.H. 1968. Bed thickness analysis of some Carboniferous fluvial rocks near Joggins, Nova Scotia. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 38, 424-433.
109. White, D. 1902. Stratigraphy versus Palaeontology in Nova cotia. Science, 16, 232-235.
110. White, D. 1911. Discussion and correspondence: 'A Carboniferous flora in the Silurian'. Science, 34, 440-442.
111. Whiteaves, J.F. 1893. Note on the recent discovery of large Unio-like shells in the Coal Measures at the South Joggins, Nova Scotia. Transactions of the Royal Society of Canada, 11, 21-25.
112. Wilson, L.G. 1998a. Lyell: the man and his times. In (Blundell, D.J. & Scott, A.C.; eds) Lyell: The Past is the Key to the Present. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 143, 21-38.
113. Wilson, L.G. 1998b. Lyell in America: Transatlantic Geology, 1841-1853. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
114. Wyman, J. 1853. Notes on the reptilian remains. Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society, 9, 64-66.
115. Zodrow, E.L. 1995. Walter Andrew Bell (1889-1969); Canadian palaeobotanist and earth scientist. Geological Society of America Memoir, 185, 187-201.