Is HRT justified for symptom management in women at higher risk of developing breast cancer?

Climacteric

Volumn 9, Issue 6, 2006, Pages 404-415

  Rippy, L ^a   Marsden, J ^a  

^a KING'S COLLEGE HOSPITAL NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Breast cancer; High risk; Hormone replacement therapy; Symptoms

Indexed keywords

ANASTROZOLE; ANTINEOPLASTIC AGENT; AROMATASE INHIBITOR; CONJUGATED ESTROGEN PLUS MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE; DRUG ADDITIVE; ESTRADIOL; ESTRADIOL VALERATE; ESTROGEN; EXEMESTANE; GESTAGEN; GONADORELIN ANTAGONIST; LETROZOLE; LEVONORGESTREL; TAMOXIFEN; TIBOLONE;

ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE; ANXIETY; BREAST CANCER; BREAST DISEASE; CANCER DIAGNOSIS; CANCER RECURRENCE; CANCER RISK; CANCER STAGING; CANCER SURVIVOR; CANCER SUSCEPTIBILITY; CLINICAL TRIAL; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE SEVERITY; ESTROGEN DEFICIENCY; FAMILY HISTORY; GENETIC SUSCEPTIBILITY; HIGH RISK POPULATION; HORMONE SUBSTITUTION; HOT FLUSH; HUMAN; MENOPAUSAL SYNDROME; NIGHT SWEAT; POPULATION RISK; PRESCRIPTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SYMPTOM; VAGINAL DRYNESS; VASOMOTOR DISORDER;

AGED; BREAST NEOPLASMS; ESTROGEN REPLACEMENT THERAPY; FEMALE; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION TO DISEASE; HUMANS; MIDDLE AGED; NEOPLASM RECURRENCE, LOCAL; PATIENT EDUCATION; RISK ASSESSMENT; RISK FACTORS;

EID: 33750629205     PISSN: 13697137     EISSN: 14730804     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13697130601022367     Document Type: Review

References (54)

1. http://www.cancerresearchuk.org
2. Key TJ, Verkasalo PK, Banks E. Epidemiology of breast cancer. Lancet Oncol 2001;22:133-40
3. Writing Group for the Women's Health Initiative Investigators. Risks and benefits of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal women. JAMA 2002;288:321-33
4. Million Women Study Collaborators. Breast cancer and hormone-replacement therapy in the Million Women Study. Lancet 2003;362:419-27
5. Kim N, Gross C, Curtis J, et al. The impact of clinical trials on the use of hormone replacement therapy. A population-based study. J Gen Intern Med 2005;11:1026-31
6. Hickey M, Davis SR, Sturdee DW. Treatment of menopausal symptoms: what shall we do now? Lancet 2005;366:409-21
7. Holmberg L, Anderson H, for the HABITS Steering and Data Monitoring Committees. HABITS (hormonal replacement therapy after breast cancer - is it safe?), a randomised comparison: trial stopped. Lancet 2004;363:453-5
8. von Schoultz E, Rutqvist LE, on behalf of the Stockholm Breast Cancer Study Group. Menopausal hormone therapy after breast cancer: The Stockholm Randomised Trial. JNCI 2005;97:533-55
9. Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors for Breast Cancer, Breast cancer and hormone replacement therapy: collaborative reanalysis from 51 individual epidemiological studies. Lancet 1997;350:1047-60
10. Chlebowski RT, Hendrix SL, Lander RD, et al. for the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Trial. Influence of estrogen plus progestin on breast cancer and mammography in healthy postmenopausal women. JAMA 2003;289:3243-53
11. Anderson GL, Limacher M, Assaf AR, et al. Women's Health Initiative Steering Committee. Effects of conjugated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy: the Women's Health Initiative randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2004;291:1701-12
12. Whitehead M, Farmer R. The Million Women Study: a critique. Endocrine Rev 2004;24:187-93
13. Tamini RM, Hankinson SE, Colditz GA, Byrne C. Endogenous sex hormone levels and mammographic density among postmenopausal women. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2004;14:2641-7
14. Greendale GA, Reboussin BA, Sie A, et al. Effects of estrogen and estrogen-progestin on mammographic parenchymal density. Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Investigators. Ann Intern Med 1999;130:262-9
15. Von Schoultz B, Lundstrom E, Bygdeson M, Svane G, Azavedo E, Gut R. Breast density and ultra low dose HRT. Presented at The European Congress on Menopause, 3-7 June, Istanbul, Turkey. Maturitas 2006;54(Suppl 1):S69
16. McTiernan A, Martin CF, Peck JD, et al. Women's Health Initiative Mammogram Density Study Investigators. Estrogen-plus-progestin use and mammographic density in postmenopausal women: Women's Health Initiative randomized trial. JNCI 2005;97:1366-76
17. Stefanick ML, Anderson GL, Margolis KL, et al., for the WHI Investigators. Effects of conjugated equine estrogens on breast cancer and mammography screening in postmenopausal women with hysterectomy. JAMA 2006;295:1647-57
18. Colacurci N, Fornaro F, De Franciscis P, Palermo M, del Vecchio W. Effects of different types of hormone replacement therapy on mammographic density. Maturitas 2001;40:159-64
19. Harvey JA, Pinkerton JV, Herman CR. Short-term cessation of hormone replacement therapy and improvement of mammographic specificity. JNCI 1997;89:1623-5
20. Anderson GL, Chlebowski RT, Roussouw JE, et al. Prior hormone therapy and breast cancer risk in the Women's Health Initiative randomized trial of oestrogen plus progestin. Maturitas 2006;55:103-15
21. Banks E, Reeves G, Beral V, et al. Influence of personal characteristics of individual women on sensitivity and specificity of mammography in the Million Women Study: cohort study. Br Med J 2004;329:477
22. Backman T, Rauramo I, Jaakkola K, et al. Use of the levonorgestrel- releasing intrauterine system and breast cancer. Obstet Gynecol 2005;106:813-17
23. Lundstrom E, Soderqvist G, Svane G, et al. Digitized assessment of mammographic breast density in patients who received low-dose intrauterine levonorgestrel in continuous combination with oral estradiol valerate: a pilot study. Fertil Steril 2006;85:989-95
24. Fletcher AS, Erbas B, Kavanagh AM, Hart S, Rodger A, Gertig DM. Use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and survival following breast cancer diagnosis. Breast 2005;14:192-200
25. Early Breast Cancer Trialists' Collaborative Group (EBCTCG). Effects of chemotherapy and hormonal therapy for early breast cancer on recurrence and 15-year survival: an overview of the randomised trials. Lancet 2005;365:1687-717
26. Bonnier P, Bessenay F, Sasco AJ, et al. Impact of menopausal hormone-replacement therapy on clinical and laboratory characteristics of breast cancer. Int J Cancer 1998;79:278-82
27. Anderson WF, Chatterjee N, Erhler WB, Brawley OW. Estrogen receptor breast cancer phenotypes in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2002;76:27-36
28. Kollias J, Murphy CA, Elston CW, Ellis IO, Robertson JF, Blamey RW. The prognosis of small primary breast cancers. Eur J Cancer 1999;35:908-12
29. Marsden J, A'Hern R. Progestogens and breast cancer risk: the role of hormonal contraceptives and hormone replacement therapy. J Fam Plann Reprod Health 2003:4:185-7
30. Eccles DM. Hereditary cancer: guidelines in clinical practice. Breast and ovarian cancer genetics. Ann Oncol 2004;15(Suppl 4):iv133-8
31. www.nice.org.uk. Clinical guidelines for the classification and care of women at risk of familial breast cancer in primary, secondary and tertiary care, May 2004
32. Rebbeck TR. Inherited predisposition and breast cancer: modifiers of BRCA1/2-associated breast cancer risk. Environ Mol Mutagen 2002;39:228-34
33. Rebbeck TR, Friebel T, Wagner T, et al. for the PROSE Study Group. Effect of short-term hormone replacement therapy on breast cancer risk reduction after bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: the PROSE Study Group. J Clin Oncol 2005;23:7804-10
34. Gronwald J, Tung N, Foulkes WD, et al. for the Hereditary Breast Cancer Clinical Study Group. Tamoxifen and contralateral breast cancer in BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers: an update. Int J Cancer 2006;118:2281-4
35. Santen RJ, Mansel R. Benign breast disorders. N Engl J Med 2005;353:275-85
36. Dupont WD, Page DL. Risk factors for breast cancer in women with proliferative breast disease. N Engl J Med 1985;312:146-51
37. Tan-Chiu E, Wang J, Costantino JP, et al. Effects of tamoxifen on benign breast disease in women at high risk for breast cancer. JNCI 2003;95:302-7
38. Dupont WD, Page DL, Parl FF, et al. Estrogen replacement therapy in women with a history of proliferative breast disease. Cancer 1999;85:1277-83
39. Byrne C, Connolly JL, Colditz GA, Schnitt SJ. Biopsy confirmed benign breast disease, postmenopausal use of exogenous female hormones, and breast carcinoma risk. Cancer 2000;89:2046-52
40. Fisher B, Costantino JP, Wickerham DL, et al. Tamoxifen for prevention of breast cancer: report of the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project P-1 Study. JNCI 1998;90:1371-88
41. Fowble B. Ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence following breast-conserving surgery for early-stage invasive cancer. Acta Oncol 1999;38(Suppl 13):9-17
42. Chen Y, Thompson W, Semenciw R, Mao Y. Epidemiology of contralateral breast cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1999;8:855-61
43. Ciatto S, Miccinesi G, Zappa M. Prognostic impact of the early detection of metachronous contralateral breast cancer. Eur J Cancer 2004;40:1496-501
44. Harris PF, Remington PL, Trentham-Dietz A. Allen CI, Newcomb PA. Prevalence and treatment of menopausal symptoms among breast cancer survivors. J Pain Symptom Management 2002;23:501-9
45. Marsden J, Whitehead M, A'Hern R, Baum M, Sacks NPM. Are randomised trials of hormone replacement therapy in symptomatic breast cancer patients feasible? Fertil Steril 2000;73:292-9
46. Broeckel JA, Thors CL, Jacobson PB, Small M, Cox CE. Sexual functioning in long-term breast cancer survivors treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2002;75:241-8
47. Nystedt M, Berglund G, Boland C, Fornander T, Rutqvist LE. Side effects of adjuvant endocrine treatment in premenopausal breast cancer patients: a prospective randomised study. J Clin Oncol 2003;21:1836-44
48. Fallowfield L. Acceptance of adjuvant therapy and quality of life issues. Breast 2005;14:612-16
49. Fallowfield L, Cella D, Cuzick J, Francis S, Locker G, Howell A. Quality of life of postmenopausal women in the Arimidex, Tamoxifen, Alone or in Combination (ATAC) Adjuvant Breast Cancer Trial. J Clin Oncol 2004;22:4261-71
50. Fallowfield LJ, Bliss JM, Porter LS, et al. Quality of life in the intergroup exemestane study: a randomized trial of exemestane versus continued tamoxifen after 2 to 3 years of tamoxifen in postmenopausal women with primary breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2006;24:910-17
51. Thurlimann B, Keshaviah A, Coates AS, et al. Breast International Group (BIG) 1-98 Collaborative Group. A comparison of letrozole and tamoxifen in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer. N Engl J Med 2005;353:2747-57
52. Marsden J, Lawrence D, A'Hern R, et al. on behalf of the HRT Trial Management Group. The efficacy of HRT in treating oestrogen deficiency symptoms in women taking concomitant tamoxifen in the UK HRT Trial. Presented at The European Congress on Menopause, 3-7 June, Istanbul, Turkey. Maturitas 2006;54(Suppl 1):S33
53. Kendall A, Dowsett M, Folkerd E, Smith I. Caution: Vaginal estradiol appears to be contra-indicated in postmenopausal women on adjuvant aromatase inhibitors. Ann Oncol 2006;17:584-7
54. Kroiss R, Fentiman IS, Helmond FA, et al. The effect of tibolone in postmenopausal women receiving tamoxifen after surgery for breast cancer: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 2005;112:228-33