Non-dopaminergic treatment of cognitive impairment and dementia in Parkinson's disease: A review

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

Volumn 248, Issue 1-2, 2006, Pages 104-114

  Leroi, Iracema ^a   Collins, Deborah ^b   Marsh, Laura ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^b GREATER MANCHESTER MENTAL HEALTH NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^c JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Atomoxetine; Cholinesterase inhibitors; Dementia; Executive dysfunction; Memantine; Parkinson's disease; Treatment

Indexed keywords

AMANTADINE; ANTIPARKINSON AGENT; ATOMOXETINE; CATECHOL METHYLTRANSFERASE INHIBITOR; CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; CLOZAPINE; DONEPEZIL; DOPAMINE RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; GALANTAMINE; LEVODOPA; MEMANTINE; MONOAMINE OXIDASE B INHIBITOR; NAPHTHOXAZINE DERIVATIVE; PHOSPHATIDYLSERINE; PIRACETAM; RASAGILINE; RIVASTIGMINE; SELEGILINE; TACRINE; TOCOPHEROL; VK 28;

ABNORMALLY HIGH SUBSTRATE CONCENTRATION IN BLOOD; AGITATION; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AMINOTRANSFERASE BLOOD LEVEL; ARTICLE; BRADYCARDIA; CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CONFUSION; CONSTIPATION; DATA BASE; DELIRIUM; DELUSION; DEMENTIA; DIARRHEA; DIPLOPIA; DISEASE EXACERBATION; DIZZINESS; DRUG EFFICACY; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG TOLERABILITY; EDEMA; ELECTROCONVULSIVE THERAPY; EMBASE; FALLING; FATIGUE; GASTROINTESTINAL SYMPTOM; HALLUCINATION; HUMAN; HYPERSALIVATION; INSOMNIA; MEDICAL LITERATURE; MEDLINE; META ANALYSIS; NAUSEA; NONHUMAN; PARKINSON DISEASE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PSYCHOSIS; PUBLICATION; RESTLESSNESS; SIDE EFFECT; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TREATMENT OUTCOME; TREMOR; URINARY FREQUENCY; VOMITING; WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME;

ADRENERGIC AGONISTS; ANTIPARKINSON AGENTS; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS; COGNITION DISORDERS; DEMENTIA; EXCITATORY AMINO ACID ANTAGONISTS; HUMANS; MEDLINE; NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENTS; PARKINSON DISEASE; PHYSICAL THERAPY MODALITIES;

EID: 33750455816     PISSN: 0022510X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2006.05.021     Document Type: Article

References (91)

1. Dubois B., and Pillon B. Cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 224 1 (1997) 2-8
2. Pirozzolo F.J., Hansch E.C., Mortimer J.A., Webster D.D., and Kuskowski M.A. Dementia in Parkinson's disease: a neuropsychological analysis. Brain Cogn 1 1 (1982) 71-83
3. Zeng X.H., Hirata K., Tanaka H., Hozumi A., and Yamazaki K. Insufficient processing resources in Parkinson's disease: evaluation using multimodal event-related potentials paradigm. Brain Topogr 14 4 (2002) 299-311
4. Woodward T.S., Bub D.N., and Hunter M.A. Task switching deficits associated with Parkinson's disease reflect depleted attentional resources. Neuropsychologia 40 (2002) 1948-1955
5. Aarsland D., Hutchinson M., and Larsen J.P. Cognitive, psychiatric and motor response to galantamine in Parkinson's disease with dementia. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 18 (2003) 937-941
6. Woods S.p., and Troster A.I. Prodromal frontal/executive dysfunction predicts incident dementia in Parkinson's disease. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 9 1 (2003) 17-24
7. Stern Y., Mayeux R., and Cote L. Reaction time and vigilance in Parkinson's disease. Possible role of altered norepinephrine metabolism. Arch Neurol 41 10 (1984) 1086-1089
8. Riekkinen M., Kejonen K., Jakala P., Soininen H., and Riekkinen P. Reduction of noradrenaline impairs attention and dopamine depletion slows responses in Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurosci 10 (1998) 1429-1435
9. Mortimer J.A., Christensen K.J., and Wekster D.D. Parkinsonian dementia. In: Frederiks J.A.M. (Ed). Handbook of clinical neurology. Neurobehavioural disorders vol.46 (1985), Elsevier, Amsterdam 371-384 Revised series 2
10. Cooper J.A., Sagar H.J., Doherty S.M., Jordan N., Tidswell P., and Sullivan E.V. Different effects of dopaminergic and anticholinergic therapies on cognitive and motor function on Parkinson's disease. A follow-study of untreated patients. Brain 115 part 6 (1992) 1701-1725
11. Rinne J.O. The role of dopamine in PD cognition and dementia: PET studies. Proceedings of Mental Dysfunctions in Parkinson's Disease Conference, Salzburg, Austria (2004)
12. Cummings J.L. Cholinesterase inhibitors: expanding applications. The Lancet 356 9247 (2000) 2024-2025
13. Perry E.K., Marshall E., Thompson P., Mckeith I.G., Collerton D., Fairbairn A.F., et al. Monoaminergic activities in Lewy body dementia: relation to hallucinosis and extrapyramidal features. J Neural Transm Park Dis Dement Sect 6 3 (1993) 167-177
14. Tiraboschi P., Hansen L.A., Alford M., Sabbagh M.N., Schoos B., Masliah E., et al. Cholinergic dysfunction in disease with lewy bodies. Neurology 54 2 (2000) 407
15. Braak H., and Braak E. Cognitive impairment in Aprkinson's disease: amyloid plaques, neurofibrillary tangles, and neuropil threads in the cerebral cortex. J Neural Trasm Park Dis Dement Sect 2 1 (1990) 45-57
16. Nakano I., and Hirnao A. Parkinson's disease: neuron loss in the nucleus basalis without concomitant Alzheimer's disease. Ann Neurol 15 5 (1984) 415-418
17. Kuhl D.E., Minoshima S., Fessler J.A., Frey K.A., Foster N.L., Ficaro E.P., et al. In vivo mapping of cholinergic terminals in normal aging. Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Ann Neurol 40 3 (1996) 399-410
18. Bohnen N.I., Kaufer D.I., Ivanco L.S., Lopresti B., Koeppe R.A., Davis J.G., et al. Cortical cholinergic function is more severely affected in parkinsonian dementia than in Alzheimer disease: an in vivo positron emission tomographic study. Arch Neurol 60 12 (2003) 1745-1748
19. Ziabreva I., Ballard C.L., Aarsland D., et al. Cortical and thalamic cholinergic activity in Lewy body disease in relation to dementia and parkinsonism. Proceedings of MDS-Conference, Rome, Italy (2004)
20. Lee C.S., Bell A., Boelman C., Mackenzie I.R., et al. Role of cholinergic and dopaminergic deficits in cognitive impairment of Lewy body disorders: a double tracer PET study. Proceedings of Mental Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease Conference, Salzburg, Austria (2004)
21. Levy R., Eagger S., and Griffiths M. Lewy bodies response to tacrine in Alzheimer's disease. Lancet 343 (1994) 176
22. Berman H.A., and Leonard K. Interaction of tetrahydroaminoacridine with acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. Mol Pharmacol 41 2 (1992) 412-418
23. Mesulam N.M., and Geula C. Butyrylcholinesterase reactivity differentiates the amyloid plaques of aging from those of dementia. Ann Neurol 36 5 (1994) 722-727
24. Leroi I., Steele C., and Lyketsos C.G. Care of the dementia patient. Rev Clin Gerontol 9 (1999) 235-255
25. Hutchinson M., and Fazzini E. Cholinesterase inhibition in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 61 3 (1996) 324-325
26. Werber E.A., and Rabey J.M. The beneficial effect of cholinesterase inhibitors on patients suffering from Parkinson's disease and dementia. J Neural Transm 108 11 (2001) 1319-1325
27. Folstein M.F., Folstein S.E., and McHugh P.R. "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 12 3 (1975) 189-198
28. Rosen W.G., Mohs R.C., and Davis K.L. A new rating scale for Alzheimer's disease. Am J Psychiatry 141 (1984) 1356-1364
29. Yesavage J.A., Brink T.L., Rose T.L., Lum O., Huang V., Adey M., et al. Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report. J Psyhciatr Res 17 1 (1982) 37-49
30. Rabey J.M., Bass H., Bonuccelli U., Brooks D., Klotz P., Korczyn A.D., et al. Evaluation of the Short Parkinson's Evaluation Scale: a new friendly scale for the evaluation of Parkinson's disease in clinical drug trials. Clin Neuropharmacol 20 4 (1997) 322-337
31. Perry E., Irving D., Kerwin J.M., et al. Cholinergic transmitter and neurotrophic activities in Lewy body dementia: similarity to Parkinson's and distinction from Alzheimer's disease. Alz Dis Assoc Disord 7 (1993) 69-79
32. Ballard C.G., Court J.A., Piggott M., et al. Disturbances of consciousness in dementia with Lewy bodies associated with alternation in nicotinic receptor binding in the temporal cortex. Conscious Cog 11 3 (2002) 461-474
33. Kaufer D.I. A case study in the treatment of dementia with Lewy bodies. Acta Psychiatr Scand 110 (2004) 73-76
34. Aarsland D. Galantamine for Parkinson's disease with dementia. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 12 (2002) S378-S379
35. Hoehn M.M., and Yahr M.D. Parkinsonism: onset, progression and morality. Neurology 17 (1967) 427-442
36. Cummings J.L., Mega M., Gray K., Rosenberg-Thompson S., Carusi D.A., and Gornbein J. The Neuropsychiatric Inventory: comprehensive assessment of psychopathology in dementia. Neurology 44 (1994) 2308-2314
37. Schneider L.S., and Olin J.T. Clinical global impressions of change. Int Psychogeriatr 8 (1996) 277-289
38. Barner E.L., and Gray S.L. Donepezil use in Alzheimer disease. Ann Pharmacother 32 1 (1998) 70-77
39. Shea C., MacKnight C., and Rockwood K. Donepezil for treatment of dementia with Lewy bodies: a case series of nine patients. Int Psychogeriatr 10 3 (1998) 229-238
40. Aarsland D., Bronnick K., and Karlsen K. Donepezil for dementia with Lewy bodies: a case study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 14 1 (1999(Jan)) 69-72
41. Litvan I., Phipps M., Pharr V.L., Hallett M., Grafman J., and Salazar A. Randomized placebo-controlled trial of donepezil in patients with progressive supranuclear palsy. Neurology 57 (2001) 467-473
42. Bourke D., and Druckenbrod R.W. Possible association between donepezil and worsening Parkinson's disease. Ann Pharmacother 32 5 (1998) 610-611
43. Leroi I., Brandt J., Reich S., Lyketos C., Grill S., Thompson R., et al. Randomized placebo-controlled trial of donepezil in cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 19 (2004) 1-8
44. Aarsland, Laake K., Larsen J.P., and Janvin C. Donepezil for cognitive impairment in PD: a RCT study. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 72 (2002) 708-712
45. Mattis S. Mental status examination for organic mental syndrome in the elderly patient. In: Bellak L., and Karasu T. (Eds). Geriatric psychiatry: a handbook for psychiatrists and primary care physicians (1976), Grune and Stratton, New York 77-101
46. Fabbrini G., Barbanti P., Aurilia C., Pauletti C., Lenzi G.L., and Meco G. Donepezil in the treatment of hallucinations and delusions in Parkinson's disease. Neurol Sci 23 1 (2002) 41-43
47. Andreasen N.C. Scale for the assessment of positive symptoms (SAPS) (1984), The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa
48. Simpson G.M., and Angus J.W.S. A rating scale for extrapyramidal side-effects. Acta Psychiatr Scand 212 Suppl 44 (1970) 11-19
49. Friedberg G., Zoldan J., Weizman A., and Melamed E. Parkinson's Psychosis Rating Scale: a practical instrument for grading psychosis in Parkinson's disease. Clin Neuropharmacol 21 (1998) 280-284
50. Kurita A., Ochiai Y., Kono Y., Suzuki M., and Inoue K. The beneficial effect of donepezil on visual hallucinations in three patients with Parkinson's disease. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 16 (2003) 184-188
51. Bergman J., and Lerver V. Successful use of donepezil for the treatment of psychotic symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease. Clin Nueropharmacol 25 2 (2002) 107-110
52. Minett T.S.C., Thomas A., Wilkinson L.M., Daniel S.L., Sanders J., Richardson J., et al. What happens when donepezil is suddenly withdrawn? An open label trial in dementia with Lewy bodies and Parkinson's disease with dementia. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 18 (2003) 988-993
53. Weinstock M. Selectivity of cholinesterase inhibition. CNS Drugs 12 (1999) 307-323
54. Venneri A., Shanks M.F., Stai R.T., Pestell S.J., Forbes K.E., Gemmell H.G., et al. Cerebral blood flow and cognitive responses to rivastigmine treatment in Alzheimer's disease. NeuroReport 13 (2002) 83-96
55. Green J., McDonald W.M., Vitek J.L., Evatt M., Freeman A., Haber M., et al. Cognitive impairment in advanced PD without dementia. Neurology 59 (2002) 1320-1324
56. McKeith I., DelSer T., Spano P.F., Emre M., Wesnes K., Anand R., et al. Efficacy of rivastigmine in dementia with Lewy bodies: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled international study. The Lancet 356 (2000) 2031-2036
57. Emre M., Aarsland D., Albanese A., Byrne E.J., and Deuschl G. Rivastigmine for dementia associated with Parkinson's disease. N Engl J Med 351 (2004) 2509-2518
58. Schneider L.S., Olin J.T., Doody R.S., Clark C.M., Morris J.C., Resiberg B., et al. Validity and reliability of the Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-clinical global impression of change. The Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 11 Suppl 2 (1997) S22-S32
59. Bullock R., and Cameron A. Rivastigmine for the treatment of dementia and visual hallucinations associated with Parkinson's disease; a case series. Curr Med Res Opin 18 5 (2002) 258-264
60. N Giladi, H Shabtai, T Gurevich, B Benbunan, M Anca, AD Korczyn. Rivastigmine exelon for dementia in patients with Parkinson's disease. Acta.
61. Reading P.J., Luce A.K., and McKeith I.G. Rivastigmine in the treatment of Parkinsonian psychosis and cognitive impairment: preliminary findings from an open trial. Mov Disord 16 6 (2001) 1171-1195
62. Korczyn A.D. Dementia in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 248 suppl 3 (2001) III/1-III/4
63. Putt M.E., and Ravina B. Randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel group versus crossover study designs for the study of dementia in Parkinson's disease. Control Clin Trials 23 (2002) 111-126
64. Uyama E., Hirano T., Yoshida A., Doi O., Maruoka S., and Araki S. An adult case of ChA©diak-Higashi syndrome with parkinsonism and marked atrophy of the central nervous system. Rinsho Shinkeigaku 31 3 (1991) 24-31
65. Blanchett P.J., Metman L.V., Mouradian M.M., and Chase T.N. Acute pharmacologic blockade of dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 11 5 (1996) 580-581
66. G. Skuza, Z. Rogoz, G. Quack, W. Danysz, Memantine, amantadine, and l-deprenyl potentiate the action l-dopa in monoamine-depleted rats. J Neural.
67. Winblad B., and Poritis N. Memantine in severe dementia: results of the 9M-Best Study (benefit and efficacy in severely demented patients during treatment with memantine). Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 14 2 (1999(Feb)) 135-146
68. Rabey J.M., Nissipeanu P., and Korczyn A.D. Efficacy of memantine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. J Neural Transm Park Dis Dement Sect 4 (1992) 277-282
69. Merello M., Nouzeilles M.I., Cammarota A., and Leiguarda R. Effect of memantine (NMDA antagonist) on Parkinson's disease: a double-blind crossover randomized study. Clin Neuropharmacol 22 5 (1999) 273-276
70. Schneider E., Fischer P.A., Clemens R., Balzereit F., Funfgeld E.W., and Haase H.J. Effects of oral memantine administration on Parkinson symptoms. Results of a placebo-controlled multicenter study. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 109 25 (1984) 987-990
71. Lokk J. Memantine can relieve certain symptoms in Parkinson disease. Improvement achieved in two out of three described cases with dyskinesia and cognitive failure. Lakartidningen 101 23 (2004) 2003-2006
72. Levin O.S., Amosova N.A., Naimushina T.V., and Smolentseva I.G. Comparative study of Parkinson's disease and dementia with Lewy Bodies. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 104 1 (2004) 3-10
73. Walker M.P., Ayre G.A., Cummings J.L., Wesries K., McKeith I.G., O'Brien J.T., et al. The Clinician Assessment of Fluctuation and the One Day Fluctuation Assessment Scale. Two methods to assess fluctuating confusion in dementia. BMJ 177 (2000) 25-256
74. Schwab R.S., and England A.C. Amantadine HCL (Symmetrel) and its relation to Levo-Dopa in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Trans Am Neurol Associ Danielczyk W. Twenty-five years of amantadine therapy in Parkinson's disease. J Neural Transm Suppl 46 (1995) 399-405
75. Factor S.A., Molho E.S., and Brown D.L. Acute delirium after withdrawal of amantadine in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 50 5 (1998) 1456-1458
76. Cash R., Dennis T., L'Heureux R., Raisman R., Javoy-Agid E., and Scatton B. Parkinson's disease and dementia: norepinephrine and dopamine in locus coreuleus. Neurology 37 (1987) 42-46
77. Mayeux R., Stern Y., Sano M., Cote L., and Williams J.B. Clinical and biochemical correlates of bradyphrenia in Parkinson's disease. Neurology 37 (1987) 1130-1134
78. Bedard M.A., el Massioui F., Malapani C., Duboid B., Pillon B., Renault B., et al. Attentional deficits in Parkinson's disease: a partial reversibility with naphtoxazine (SDZ NV1-085), a selective noradrenergic alpha 1 agonist. Clin Neuropharmacol 21 2 (1998) 108-117
79. Michelson D., Adler L., Spencer T., Reimherr F., West S.A., Allen A.J., et al. Atomoxetine in adults with ADHD: two randomized, placebo-controlled studies. Soc Biol Psychiatry 53 (2003) 112-120
80. Kieburtz K. The effect of deprenyl and tocopherol on cognitive performance in early untreated Parkinson's disease. Parkinson Study Group. Neurology 44 (1994) 1756-1759
81. Sano M., Stren Y., Marder K., and Mayeux R. A controlled trial of piracetam in intellectually impaired patients with Parkinson disease. Mov Disord 5 (1990) 230-234
82. Youdim B.H.M., Amit T., Bar-Am O., Weinstock M., and Yogev-Falach M. Amyoid processing and signal transduction properties of antiparkinson-antialzheimer neuroprotective drugs rasagiline and TV3326. Ann N Y Acad Sci 993 (2003) 378-386
83. The Movement Disorders Society. Treatment of depression in idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Mov Disord 17 4 (2002) 112-119
84. Moellentine C., Rummans T., Ahlskog J.E., Harmsen W.S., Suman V.J., O'Connor M.K., et al. Effectiveness of ECT in patients with parkinsonism. J Neuropsychiatry 10 (1998) 187-193
85. Ikeguchi M., Touge T., Nishiyama Y., Takeuchi H., Kuriyama S., and Ohkawa M. Effects of successive repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on motor performances and brain perfusion in idiopathic Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Sci 209 (2003) 41-46
86. Shimamato H., Takasaki K., Shigemori M., Imaizumi T., Ayabe M., and Shoji H. Therapeutic effect and mechanism of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in Parkinson's disease. J Neurol 248 Suppl 3 (2001) III/48-III/52
87. Dragasevic N., Potrebic A., Damjanovic A., Stefanova E., and Kostic V.S.K. Therapeutic efficacy of bilateral prefrontal slow repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in depressed patients with Parkinson's disease: an open study. Mov Disord 17 (2002) 528-532
88. Fregni F., Santos C.M., Myczkowski M.L., Rigolino R., Galluci-Neto J., Barbosu E.R., et al. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is as effective as fluoxetine in the treatment of depression in patients with Parkinson's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 75 (2004) 1171-1174
89. Rektorova I., Megoav S., Hlubocky A., et al. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in Parkinson's disease: effects on executive functions. Proceedings of Mental dysfunctions in Parkinson's Disease Conference, Salzburg, Austria (2004)
90. Piasecki S.D., and Jefferson J.W. Psychiatric complications of deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease. J Clin Psychiatry 65 6 (2004) 845-849
91. Kulisevsky J., Berthier M.L., Gironell A., Pascual-Sedano B., Molet J., and Pares P. Mania following deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease. Neurology 59 (2002) 1421-1424